Abstract
References
- Jakubíková J, Kabátová Z, Pavlovcinová G, Profant M. Newborn hearing screening and strategy for early detection of hearing loss in infants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;73(4):607-12.
- Patel H, Feldman M. Universal newborn hearing screening. Paediatr Child Health. 2011;16(5):301-10.
- Watkin PM. Neonatal screening for hearing impairment. Semin Neonatol. 2001;6(6):501-9.
- Pourarian S, Khademi B, Pishva N, Jamali A. Prevalence of hearing loss in newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;24(68):129-34.
- Thompson DC, McPhillips H, Davis RL, Lieu TL, Homer CJ, Helfand M. Universal newborn hearing screening: summary of evidence. Jama. 2001;286(16):2000-10.
- Chang KW, Vohr BR, Norton SJ, Lekas MD. External and middle ear status related to evoked otoacoustic emission in neonates. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993;119(3):276-82.
- Khoza-Shangase K, Joubert K. The influence of epidural anesthesia on new-born hearing screening: A pilot study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011;3(1):135-41.
- Owen M, Webb M, Evans K. Community based universal neonatal hearing screening by health visitors using otoacoustic emissions. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001;84(3):F157-62.
- Smolkin T, Mick O, Dabbah M, Blazer S, Grakovsky G, Gabay N, et al. Birth by cesarean delivery and failure on first otoacoustic emissions hearing test. Pediatrics. 2012;130(1):e95-100.
- Smolkin T, Awawdeh S, Blazer S, Mick O, Makhoul IR. Delayed first otoacoustic emissions test decreases failure on neonatal hearing screening after caesarean delivery. Acta Paediatrica. 2013;102(5):e194-e9.
- Olusanya BO, Bamigboye BA. Is discordance in TEOAE and AABR outcomes predictable in newborns? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(11):1303-9.
- Cunningham M, Cox EO. Hearing assessment in infants and children: recommendations beyond neonatal screening. Pediatrics. 2003;111(2):436-40.
- Casali RL, Santos MF. Auditory Brainstem Evoked Response: response patterns of full-term and premature infants. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(6):729-38.
- Force UPST. Universal screening for hearing loss in newborns: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Pediatrics. 2008;122(1):143-8.
- McPherson B. Newborn hearing screening in developing countries: needs & new directions. Indian J Med Res. 2012;135(2):152-3.
- Xiao T, Li Y, Xiao L, Jiang L, Hu Q. Association between mode of delivery and failure of neonatal acoustic emission test: a retrospective analysis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(4):516-9.
- Al-Balas HI, Nuseir A, Zaitoun M, Al-Balas M, Khamees A, Al-Balas H. The effects of mode of delivery, maternal age, birth weight, gender and family history on screening hearing results: A cross sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;64:102236.
- Güven SG. The Effect of Mode of Delivery on Newborn Hearing Screening Results. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2019;57(1):19-23.
- Farahani F, Hamidi Nahrani M, Seifrabiei MA, Emadi M. The Effect of Mode of Delivery and Hospital Type on Newborn Hearing Screening Results Using Otoacoustic Emissions: Based on Screening Age. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;69(1):1-5.
- Balkany TJ, Berman SA, Simmons MA, Jafek BW. Middle ear effusions in neonates. Laryngoscope. 1978;88(3):398-405.
- Shulman S, Besculides M, Saltzman A, Ireys H, White KR, Forsman I. Evaluation of the universal newborn hearing screening and intervention program. Pediatrics. 2010;126 Suppl 1:S19-27.
- Mohd Khairi MD, Rafidah KN, Affizal A, Normastura AR, Suzana M, Normani ZM. Anxiety of the mothers with referred baby during Universal Newborn Hearing Screening. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;75(4):513-7.
- Vohr BR, Letourneau KS, McDermott C. Maternal worry about neonatal hearing screening. J Perinatol. 2001;21(1):15-20.
- Lupoli Lda M, Garcia L, Anastasio AR, Fontana AC. Time after birth in relation to failure rate in newborn hearing screening. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;77(6):932-5.
- Doyle KJ, Burggraaff B, Fujikawa S, Kim J, MacArthur CJ. Neonatal hearing screening with otoscopy, auditory brain stem response, and otoacoustic emissions. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;116(6 Pt 1):597-603.
The Effects of Mode of Delivery on Neonatal Screening Evaluated by Automated Auditory Brainstem Response
Abstract
Background/Purpose: Neonatal hearing screening results are affected by several perinatal and neonatal factors. It is known that false positivity (FP) in the failure of newborn hearing screening increases parental concern and anxiety and has a negative impact on healthcare costs. There are conflicting reports on the effect of the mode of delivery on hearing screening results. This study aimed to investigate the role of mode of delivery on neonatal hearing by comparing the automated auditory brainstem (ABR) results of newborns born with vaginal delivery (VD) or cesarean section (CS) and to identify perinatal and neonatal factors associated with failure of the first neonatal hearing screening test results.
Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at our obstetrics clinic between December 2018 and June 2019. Following the exclusion of newborns with incomplete data, with congenital and chromosomal anomalies, with CMV infection, with anatomical deformities involving the face and the ears, and who received their hearing screening <12 hours postpartum and also the exclusion of pregnancies with maternal infections, recurrent pregnancy loss, maternal smoking, and alcohol abuse, a total of 300 newborns, 176 of which were born with VD and 124 were born with CS were included in this study. The neonatal hearing screening was performed with automated ABR.
Results: A total of 181 newborns (60.3%) did not have hearing loss whereas in 39.7% hearing loss was detected. When the VD and the CS groups were compared, the mean gravidity and parity were reported to be similar. However, the mean weeks of gestation at birth (p=0.02), 1 min. Apgar score (p=0.007) and 5 min. Apgar score (p=0.005) were significantly lower in the CS group. A 57.4% hearing loss was reported in the VD group and a 64.5% hearing loss was detected in the CS group. The difference between the groups was not significant (p=0.13). The groups were also statistically similar in terms of family history of hearing loss, NICU stay, maternal morbidity and pregnancy complications, p values being 0.58, 0.09, and 0.14, respectively.
Conclusion: National Hearing Screening Programs are essential in detecting a hearing failure in newborns in time for a prompt diagnosis and appropriate management of the newborns. However, it is also essential to understand which factors affect newborn hearing and also it is important to minimize FP rates to report accurate results. Our results indicate that mode of delivery does not significantly affect newborn hearing. However, further studies are needed to address the conflicting results in the literature.
Keywords
Neonatal Hearing Mode of Delivery Auditory Brainstem Response Cesarean Section Vaginal Delivery
References
- Jakubíková J, Kabátová Z, Pavlovcinová G, Profant M. Newborn hearing screening and strategy for early detection of hearing loss in infants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009;73(4):607-12.
- Patel H, Feldman M. Universal newborn hearing screening. Paediatr Child Health. 2011;16(5):301-10.
- Watkin PM. Neonatal screening for hearing impairment. Semin Neonatol. 2001;6(6):501-9.
- Pourarian S, Khademi B, Pishva N, Jamali A. Prevalence of hearing loss in newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;24(68):129-34.
- Thompson DC, McPhillips H, Davis RL, Lieu TL, Homer CJ, Helfand M. Universal newborn hearing screening: summary of evidence. Jama. 2001;286(16):2000-10.
- Chang KW, Vohr BR, Norton SJ, Lekas MD. External and middle ear status related to evoked otoacoustic emission in neonates. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993;119(3):276-82.
- Khoza-Shangase K, Joubert K. The influence of epidural anesthesia on new-born hearing screening: A pilot study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011;3(1):135-41.
- Owen M, Webb M, Evans K. Community based universal neonatal hearing screening by health visitors using otoacoustic emissions. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001;84(3):F157-62.
- Smolkin T, Mick O, Dabbah M, Blazer S, Grakovsky G, Gabay N, et al. Birth by cesarean delivery and failure on first otoacoustic emissions hearing test. Pediatrics. 2012;130(1):e95-100.
- Smolkin T, Awawdeh S, Blazer S, Mick O, Makhoul IR. Delayed first otoacoustic emissions test decreases failure on neonatal hearing screening after caesarean delivery. Acta Paediatrica. 2013;102(5):e194-e9.
- Olusanya BO, Bamigboye BA. Is discordance in TEOAE and AABR outcomes predictable in newborns? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74(11):1303-9.
- Cunningham M, Cox EO. Hearing assessment in infants and children: recommendations beyond neonatal screening. Pediatrics. 2003;111(2):436-40.
- Casali RL, Santos MF. Auditory Brainstem Evoked Response: response patterns of full-term and premature infants. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(6):729-38.
- Force UPST. Universal screening for hearing loss in newborns: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Pediatrics. 2008;122(1):143-8.
- McPherson B. Newborn hearing screening in developing countries: needs & new directions. Indian J Med Res. 2012;135(2):152-3.
- Xiao T, Li Y, Xiao L, Jiang L, Hu Q. Association between mode of delivery and failure of neonatal acoustic emission test: a retrospective analysis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(4):516-9.
- Al-Balas HI, Nuseir A, Zaitoun M, Al-Balas M, Khamees A, Al-Balas H. The effects of mode of delivery, maternal age, birth weight, gender and family history on screening hearing results: A cross sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;64:102236.
- Güven SG. The Effect of Mode of Delivery on Newborn Hearing Screening Results. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2019;57(1):19-23.
- Farahani F, Hamidi Nahrani M, Seifrabiei MA, Emadi M. The Effect of Mode of Delivery and Hospital Type on Newborn Hearing Screening Results Using Otoacoustic Emissions: Based on Screening Age. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;69(1):1-5.
- Balkany TJ, Berman SA, Simmons MA, Jafek BW. Middle ear effusions in neonates. Laryngoscope. 1978;88(3):398-405.
- Shulman S, Besculides M, Saltzman A, Ireys H, White KR, Forsman I. Evaluation of the universal newborn hearing screening and intervention program. Pediatrics. 2010;126 Suppl 1:S19-27.
- Mohd Khairi MD, Rafidah KN, Affizal A, Normastura AR, Suzana M, Normani ZM. Anxiety of the mothers with referred baby during Universal Newborn Hearing Screening. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;75(4):513-7.
- Vohr BR, Letourneau KS, McDermott C. Maternal worry about neonatal hearing screening. J Perinatol. 2001;21(1):15-20.
- Lupoli Lda M, Garcia L, Anastasio AR, Fontana AC. Time after birth in relation to failure rate in newborn hearing screening. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;77(6):932-5.
- Doyle KJ, Burggraaff B, Fujikawa S, Kim J, MacArthur CJ. Neonatal hearing screening with otoscopy, auditory brain stem response, and otoacoustic emissions. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;116(6 Pt 1):597-603.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Obstetrics and Gynaecology |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | June 14, 2023 |
| Publication Date | July 10, 2023 |
| Submission Date | February 1, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023Volume: 14 Issue: 3 |
