Research Article
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The Frequency and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Pharmacy Workers

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 513 - 521, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1065121

Abstract

Objective: To contribute to the literature by investigating the frequency of low back pain in pharmacy worker and its relationship with personal, occupational and psychosocial risk factors affecting low back pain.
Method: A total of 200 individuals (124 female , 76 male) working in pharmacies participated in this study. A questionnaire consisting of four separate sections created by the evaluator was applied. In the first part of the questionnaire; age, gender, in the second part; occupational risk factors, in the third part; psychosocial risk factors, in the fourth part; the characteristic of low back pain. Occupational life, income status, workplace satisfaction and pain level of participants was evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale.
Results: One hundred twenty-six individuals stated that they experienced low back pain. Low back pain in female was found to be 68.5% and 53.9% in male. Thirty-one people who were satisfied with their income status stated that they did not experience low back pain in 41.9%, whereas the income satisfaction of people with low back pain was 15.9%. Family history was the most effective risk factor for the presence of low back pain.
Conclusion: In order to decrease the incidence rate of low back pain, necessary regulation should be made, postural alignment, regulation of working conditions and preventive rehabilitation should be expanded.

References

  • 1. Erdine, S. (2007). Ağrı mekanizmaları (Pain mechanisms). Klinik Gelişim Dergisi, 20(3), 7-17.
  • 2. Dionne, C. E., Dunn, K. M., Croft, P. R., Nachemson, A. L., Buchbinder, R., Walker, B. F., et al. (2008). Consensus approach toward the standardization of back pain definitions for use in prevalence studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(1), 95–103.
  • 3. Henschke, N., Maher, C. G., Refshauge, K. M., Herbert, R. D., Cumming, R. G., Bleasel, J., et al. (2009). Prevalence of and screening for serious spinal pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain. Arthritis Rheumatol, 60(10), 3072-3080.
  • 4. McBeth, J. & Jones, K. (2007). Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 21(3), 403-425.
  • 5. Terzi, R. & Altın, F. (2015). The prevalence of low back pain in hospital staff and its relationship with chronic fatigue syndrome and occupational factors. Agri, 27(3), 149–154.
  • 6. Esen, E. S. & Toprak, D. (2018). Bel ağrısı sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of the frequency of low back pain and related factors). Ankara Med J, 4, 460-469.
  • 7. Akarırmak, Ü. (2002). Baş, boyun, bel ağrıları (Head, neck, low back pain). Siva A. & Hancı M. (Eds). Bel ağrılarının tedavisinde fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon yöntemleri (Physical therapy and rehabilitation methods in the treatment of low back pain). (ss.181-189). Türkiye: Kaya Basım.
  • 8. Weinstein, S. M., Herring, S. A. & Standaert, C. J. (2004). Low back pain. Delisa J. A. et al (eds). In: Physical medicine and rehabilitation: Principles and practices. (ss.670-674). Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • 9. Patel, S., Friede, T., Froud, R., Evans, D. W. & Underwood, M. (2013). Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of clinical prediction rules for physical therapy in low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 38(9), 762–769.
  • 10. Kutsal, Y. G., İnanıcı, F., Oğuz K. K., Alanay, A. & Palaoğlu, S. (2008). Bel ağrıları (Low back pains). Hacettepe Tıp Dergisi, 39(4), 180–193.
  • 11. Govindu, N. K. & Babski-Reeves, K. (2014). Effects of personal, psychosocial and occupational factors on low back pain. Int J Ind Ergon, 44(2), 335–341.
  • 12. Tan, J. C., Parnianpour, M., Nordin, M., Hofer, H. & Willems, B. (1993). Isometric maximal and submaximal trunk extension at different flexed positions in standing, Triaxial torque output and EMG. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 18(16), 2480–2490.
  • 13. Eryavuz, M. & Akkan, A. (2003). Fabrika çalışanlarında bel ağrısı risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of low back pain risk factors in factory workers). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 49(5), 3-12.
  • 14. Karahan, A., Kav, S., Abbasoglu, A. & Dogan, N. (2009). Low back pain: prevalence and associated risk factors among hospital staff. J Adv Nurs, 65(3), 516–524.
  • 15. Bejia, I., Younes, M., Jamila, H. B., Khalfallah, T., Salem, K. B., Touzi, M., et al. (2005). Prevalence and factors associated to low back pain among hospital staff. Joint Bone Spine, 72(3), 254–259.
  • 16. Bos, E., Krol, B., Van der Star, L. & Groothoff, J. (2007). Risk factors and musculoskeletal complaints in non-specialized nurses, IC nurses, operation room nurses, and X-ray technologists. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 80(3), 198–206.
  • 17. Mendelek, F., Kheir, R. B., Caby, I., Thevenon, A. & Pelayo, P. (2011). On the quantitative relationships between individual/occupational risk factors and low back pain prevalence using nonparametric approaches. Joint Bone Spine, 78(6), 619–624.
  • 18. Landry, M. D., Raman, S. R., Sulway, C., Golightly, Y. M. & Hamdan, E. (2008). Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among health care providers in a Kuwait hospital. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(5), 539–545.
  • 19. Alnaami, İ., Awadalla, N. J., Alkhairy, M., Alburidy, S., Alqarni, A., Algarni, A., et. al. (2019). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among health care workers in southwestern Saudi Arabia. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 20(1), 56.
  • 20. Violante, F. S., Fiori, M., Fiorentini, C., Risi, A., Garagnani, G., Bonfiglioli, R., et al. (2004). Associations of psychosocial and individual factors with three different categories of back disorder among nursing staff. J Occup Health, 46(2), 100‐108.
  • 21. Yokota, J., Fukutani, N., Nin, K., Yamanaka, H., Yasuda, M., Tashiro, Y., et.al. (2019). Association of low back pain with presenteeism in hospital nursing staff. J Occup Health, 61(3), 219–226.
  • 22. Arasan F., Gün K., Terzibaşıoğlu A. M. & Sarıdoğan M. (2009) Bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı görülme sıklığının belirlenmesi. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Dergisi,40(4),136–43.
  • 23. Yılmaz E. & Özkan S. (2008) Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması. Türk Fiz. Tıp Rehab. Derg,54(1),8–12.
  • 24. Manchikanti, L. (2000). Epidemiology of low back pain. Pain Physician, 3(2), 167-192.
  • 25. Yılmaz, E. & Özkan, S. (2008). Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması (Determination of the frequency of low back pain in nurses working in the hospital). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 54(1), 8–12.
  • 26. Ouédraogo, D. D., Ouédraogo, V., Ouédraogo, L. T., Kinda, M., Tiéno, H., Zoungrana, E. I. et al. (2010). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among hospital staff in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Med Trop (Mars), 70(3), 277–280.
  • 27. Reisbord, L. S. & Greenland, S. (1985). Factors associated with self-reported back-pain prevalence: a population-based study. J Chronic Dis, 38(8), 691-702.
  • 28. Şimşek, Ş., Yağcı, N. & Şenol, H. (2017). Prevalence of and risk factors for low back pain among healthcare workers in Denizli. Agri, 29(2), 71–78.
  • 29. Goldberg, M. S., Scott, S. C. & Mayo, N. E. (2000). A Review of the association between cigarette smoking and the development of nonspecific back pain and related outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25(8), 995–1014.
  • 30. Macfarlane, G. J., Pallewatte, N., Paudyal, P., Blyth, F. M., Coggon, D., Crombez, G., et.al. (2009). Evaluation of work-related psychosocial factors and regional musculoskeletal pain: results from a EULAR Task Force. Ann Rheum Dis, 68(6), 885-891.
  • 31. Tucer, B., Yalcin, B. M., Ozturk, A., Mazicioğlu, M. M., Yılmaz, Y. & Kaya, M. (2009). Risk factors for low back pain and its relation with pain related disability and depression in a Turkish sample. Turk Neurosurg, 19(4), 327–332.

Eczane Çalışanlarında Bel Ağrısının Sıklığı ve Risk Faktörleri

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 513 - 521, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1065121

Abstract

Amaç: Eczane çalışanlarında bel ağrısı sıklığı ve bel ağrısını etkileyen kişisel, mesleki ve psikososyal risk faktörleri ile ilişkisini araştırarak literatüre katkıda bulunmak.
Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya eczanelerde çalışan toplam 200 birey (124 kadın, 76 erkek) katılmıştır. Değerlendirici tarafından oluşturulan dört ayrı bölümden oluşan bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anketin ilk bölümünde; yaş, cinsiyet, ikinci bölümde; mesleki risk faktörleri, üçüncü bölümde; psikososyal risk faktörleri dördüncü bölümde; bel ağrısının özelliği yer almıştır. Katılımcıların mesleki yaşamı, gelir durumu, işyeri memnuniyeti ve ağrı düzeyi Görsel Analog Skala ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yüz yirmi altı birey bel ağrısı yaşadığını belirtmiştir. Bel ağrısı kadınlarda %68.5, erkeklerde %53.9 olarak bulunmuştur. Gelir durumundan memnun olan 31 kişinin %41.9'u bel ağrısı yaşamadığını belirtirken, bel ağrısı olan kişilerin gelir memnuniyetleri ise %15.9'dur. Aile öyküsü bel ağrısı varlığı için en etkili risk faktörüydü.
Sonuç: Bel ağrısı görülme oranını azaltmak için gerekli düzenlemeler yapılmalı, postüral uyum, çalışma koşullarının düzenlenmesi ve koruyucu rehabilitasyon yaygınlaştırılmalıdır.

References

  • 1. Erdine, S. (2007). Ağrı mekanizmaları (Pain mechanisms). Klinik Gelişim Dergisi, 20(3), 7-17.
  • 2. Dionne, C. E., Dunn, K. M., Croft, P. R., Nachemson, A. L., Buchbinder, R., Walker, B. F., et al. (2008). Consensus approach toward the standardization of back pain definitions for use in prevalence studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(1), 95–103.
  • 3. Henschke, N., Maher, C. G., Refshauge, K. M., Herbert, R. D., Cumming, R. G., Bleasel, J., et al. (2009). Prevalence of and screening for serious spinal pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain. Arthritis Rheumatol, 60(10), 3072-3080.
  • 4. McBeth, J. & Jones, K. (2007). Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 21(3), 403-425.
  • 5. Terzi, R. & Altın, F. (2015). The prevalence of low back pain in hospital staff and its relationship with chronic fatigue syndrome and occupational factors. Agri, 27(3), 149–154.
  • 6. Esen, E. S. & Toprak, D. (2018). Bel ağrısı sıklığı ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of the frequency of low back pain and related factors). Ankara Med J, 4, 460-469.
  • 7. Akarırmak, Ü. (2002). Baş, boyun, bel ağrıları (Head, neck, low back pain). Siva A. & Hancı M. (Eds). Bel ağrılarının tedavisinde fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon yöntemleri (Physical therapy and rehabilitation methods in the treatment of low back pain). (ss.181-189). Türkiye: Kaya Basım.
  • 8. Weinstein, S. M., Herring, S. A. & Standaert, C. J. (2004). Low back pain. Delisa J. A. et al (eds). In: Physical medicine and rehabilitation: Principles and practices. (ss.670-674). Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • 9. Patel, S., Friede, T., Froud, R., Evans, D. W. & Underwood, M. (2013). Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of clinical prediction rules for physical therapy in low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 38(9), 762–769.
  • 10. Kutsal, Y. G., İnanıcı, F., Oğuz K. K., Alanay, A. & Palaoğlu, S. (2008). Bel ağrıları (Low back pains). Hacettepe Tıp Dergisi, 39(4), 180–193.
  • 11. Govindu, N. K. & Babski-Reeves, K. (2014). Effects of personal, psychosocial and occupational factors on low back pain. Int J Ind Ergon, 44(2), 335–341.
  • 12. Tan, J. C., Parnianpour, M., Nordin, M., Hofer, H. & Willems, B. (1993). Isometric maximal and submaximal trunk extension at different flexed positions in standing, Triaxial torque output and EMG. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 18(16), 2480–2490.
  • 13. Eryavuz, M. & Akkan, A. (2003). Fabrika çalışanlarında bel ağrısı risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of low back pain risk factors in factory workers). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 49(5), 3-12.
  • 14. Karahan, A., Kav, S., Abbasoglu, A. & Dogan, N. (2009). Low back pain: prevalence and associated risk factors among hospital staff. J Adv Nurs, 65(3), 516–524.
  • 15. Bejia, I., Younes, M., Jamila, H. B., Khalfallah, T., Salem, K. B., Touzi, M., et al. (2005). Prevalence and factors associated to low back pain among hospital staff. Joint Bone Spine, 72(3), 254–259.
  • 16. Bos, E., Krol, B., Van der Star, L. & Groothoff, J. (2007). Risk factors and musculoskeletal complaints in non-specialized nurses, IC nurses, operation room nurses, and X-ray technologists. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 80(3), 198–206.
  • 17. Mendelek, F., Kheir, R. B., Caby, I., Thevenon, A. & Pelayo, P. (2011). On the quantitative relationships between individual/occupational risk factors and low back pain prevalence using nonparametric approaches. Joint Bone Spine, 78(6), 619–624.
  • 18. Landry, M. D., Raman, S. R., Sulway, C., Golightly, Y. M. & Hamdan, E. (2008). Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among health care providers in a Kuwait hospital. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33(5), 539–545.
  • 19. Alnaami, İ., Awadalla, N. J., Alkhairy, M., Alburidy, S., Alqarni, A., Algarni, A., et. al. (2019). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among health care workers in southwestern Saudi Arabia. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 20(1), 56.
  • 20. Violante, F. S., Fiori, M., Fiorentini, C., Risi, A., Garagnani, G., Bonfiglioli, R., et al. (2004). Associations of psychosocial and individual factors with three different categories of back disorder among nursing staff. J Occup Health, 46(2), 100‐108.
  • 21. Yokota, J., Fukutani, N., Nin, K., Yamanaka, H., Yasuda, M., Tashiro, Y., et.al. (2019). Association of low back pain with presenteeism in hospital nursing staff. J Occup Health, 61(3), 219–226.
  • 22. Arasan F., Gün K., Terzibaşıoğlu A. M. & Sarıdoğan M. (2009) Bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı görülme sıklığının belirlenmesi. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Dergisi,40(4),136–43.
  • 23. Yılmaz E. & Özkan S. (2008) Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması. Türk Fiz. Tıp Rehab. Derg,54(1),8–12.
  • 24. Manchikanti, L. (2000). Epidemiology of low back pain. Pain Physician, 3(2), 167-192.
  • 25. Yılmaz, E. & Özkan, S. (2008). Hastanede çalışan hemşirelerde bel ağrısı sıklığının saptanması (Determination of the frequency of low back pain in nurses working in the hospital). Turk J Phys Med Rehabil, 54(1), 8–12.
  • 26. Ouédraogo, D. D., Ouédraogo, V., Ouédraogo, L. T., Kinda, M., Tiéno, H., Zoungrana, E. I. et al. (2010). Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among hospital staff in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Med Trop (Mars), 70(3), 277–280.
  • 27. Reisbord, L. S. & Greenland, S. (1985). Factors associated with self-reported back-pain prevalence: a population-based study. J Chronic Dis, 38(8), 691-702.
  • 28. Şimşek, Ş., Yağcı, N. & Şenol, H. (2017). Prevalence of and risk factors for low back pain among healthcare workers in Denizli. Agri, 29(2), 71–78.
  • 29. Goldberg, M. S., Scott, S. C. & Mayo, N. E. (2000). A Review of the association between cigarette smoking and the development of nonspecific back pain and related outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25(8), 995–1014.
  • 30. Macfarlane, G. J., Pallewatte, N., Paudyal, P., Blyth, F. M., Coggon, D., Crombez, G., et.al. (2009). Evaluation of work-related psychosocial factors and regional musculoskeletal pain: results from a EULAR Task Force. Ann Rheum Dis, 68(6), 885-891.
  • 31. Tucer, B., Yalcin, B. M., Ozturk, A., Mazicioğlu, M. M., Yılmaz, Y. & Kaya, M. (2009). Risk factors for low back pain and its relation with pain related disability and depression in a Turkish sample. Turk Neurosurg, 19(4), 327–332.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Feride Yarar 0000-0001-9938-7513

Seda Bayramoğlu 0000-0001-9392-0807

Nesrin Yağcı 0000-0002-5669-4932

Hande Şenol 0000-0001-6395-7924

Publication Date September 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yarar, F., Bayramoğlu, S., Yağcı, N., Şenol, H. (2022). The Frequency and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Pharmacy Workers. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(3), 513-521. https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1065121