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Hasta ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: “COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak”

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 14 - 22, 30.05.2023

Aynur Çetinkaya Emel Yılmaz Tuğba Cengiz Duygu Helvacı

https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amaç, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde acil servise başvuru yapan hasta ve yakınlarının acil servis algı ve deneyimlerini betimlemektir.
Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma, nitel yaklaşıma dayalı içerik analizi ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma Türkiye'nin batısındaki bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinin acil servisinde Haziran-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Amaçlı örnekleme yönteminden birisi olan ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiş 77 hasta ve yakını ile görüşülmüştür. Çalışma grubuna acil servise başvuru yapan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan hasta ve yakınları dahil edilmiştir. Veriler hasta ve yakınlarının sosyo demografik özelliklerini içeren sekiz soruluk tanıtıcı özellikleri içeren bilgi formu ve alanyazın doğrultusunda oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış açık uçlu 11 sorudan oluşan veri toplama formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde NVIVO 12 Pro programı kullanılmıştır. Tematik analiz verilerin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: COVID-19 pandemisinde acil servise başvuru yapan hasta ve yakınları ile yürütülmüş nitel soru çözümlemesine dayalı bu araştırmada dört kategoriye ulaşılmıştır. Bunlar en çok atıf alandan en aza doğru: COVID -19’a bir adım daha yakın (f:412), Risk almaya değmez (f:260), Korkulacak bir şey yok (f:121) ve Mecburiyet algısı (f:104) dır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda COVID-19 sürecinde acil serviste başvuran hasta ve yakınlarının mecburiyetten dolayı hastaneye başvurduğu, bu sırada korku, endişe, tedirginlik yaşadığı ve bir an önce acil servisten kurtulmak istedikleri saptanmıştır. Hasta ve yakınları acil servise başvuruyu ertelemeye bağlı oluşabilecek yaşamı tehdit eden durumlara yönelik toplumun farkındalığının arttırılması, bu konuda gerekli eğitimlerin verilmesi, sosyal medya araçları ve kamu spotları gibi kaynaklardan yararlanılması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Hasta ve yakınları nitel araştırma COVID-19 pandemi

Supporting Institution

YOK

Project Number

YOK

References

  • Açıksarı K, Kınık K. (2020). Process management and outcomes of the emergency department of a training and research hospital in Turkey during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Anatolian Clinic Journal of Medical Sciences, 25: 263–283. https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.740776.
  • Anteby R, Zager Y, Barash Y, Nadler R, Cordoba M, Klang E, Klein Y, Ram E, Gutman M, Horesh N. (2020). The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak on the attendance of patients with surgical complaints at a tertiary hospital emergency department. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 30(9):1001-1007. https://doi.org/10.1089/lap.2020.0465.
  • Antony J, James WT, Neriamparambil AJ, Barot DD, Withers T. (2020). An Australian response to the COVID-19 Pandemic and its ımplications on the practice of neurosurgery. World Neurosurg, 139: e864-e871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.136.
  • Baysan Arabacı L, Dikeç G. (2020). COVID-19: Hastaya bakım veren sağlık profesyonellerinin psikososyal süreçleri ve destek yöntemleri. İçinde; İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ve COVID-19, Şenuzun Aykar F (Ed),. 1. Baskı. Türkiye Klinikleri, Ankara.
  • Boserup B, McKenney M, Elkbuli A. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department visits and patient safety in the United States. Am J Emerg Med, 38(9):1732-1736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.007.
  • Butt AA, Azad AM, Kartha AB, Masoodi NA, Bertollini R, Abou-Samra AB. (2020). Volume and acuity of emergency department visits prior to and after COVID-19. J Emerg Med, 59(5):730-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.08.013.
  • Castro VM, Perlis RH. (2020). Electronic health record documentation of psychiatric assessments in massachusetts emergency department and outpatient settings during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. JAMA Netw Open, 1;3(6):e2011346. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11346.
  • Chams N, Chams S, Badran R, Shams A, Araji A, Raad M, Mukhopadhyay S, Stroberg E, Duval EJ, Barton LM, Hajj Hussein I. (2020). COVID-19: A multidisciplinary review. Front Public Health, 8: 383. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00383.
  • Demirbilek Y, Pehlivantürk G, Özgüler ZÖ, Alp Meşe E. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey. Turk J Med Sci, 21; 50(SI-1):489-494. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2004-187.
  • Garrafa E, Levaggi R, Miniaci R, Paolillo C. (2020). When fear backfires: Emergency department accesses during the Covid-19 pandemic. Health Policy, 124(12):1333-1339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.10.006.
  • Göksoy B, Akça MT, Inanç ÖF. (2020). The impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on emergency department visits of surgical patients. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg, 26(5):685-692. https://doi.org/10.14744/etd.2020.67927.
  • Grandi G, Del Savio MC, Caroli M, Capobianco G, Dessole F, Tupponi G, Petrillo M, Succu C, Paoletti AM, Facchinetti F. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on admission to gynecological emergency departments: Results from a multicenter Italian study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 151(1):39-42. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13289.
  • Heiber M, Lou WY. (2006). Effect of the SARS outbreak on visits to a community hospital emergency department. CJEM, 8(5):323-328. https://doi.org/10.1017/s148180350001397x. Improta G, Majolo M, Raiola E, Russo G, Longo G, Triassi M. (2022). A case study to investigate the impact of overcrowding indices in emergency departments. BMC Emerg Med, 22(1):143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-022-00703-8.
  • Kurtgöz A, Avcı S. (2021). Acil servise başvuran hastaların covid-19 korku düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 7(77):405-412. https://doi.org/10.26449/sssj.2936
  • Kuş Saillard E. 82011). Systematic versus interpretive analysis with two CAQDAS Packages: NVivo and MAXQDA. Forum Qualitative Social Research, 12(1): Art. 34. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-12.1.1518.
  • Lucero AD, Lee A, Hyun J, Lee C, Kahwaji C, Miller G, Neeki M, Tamayo-Sarver J, Pan L. (2020). Underutilization of the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. West J Emerg Med, 21(6):15-23. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2020.8.48632.
  • Mantica G, Riccardi N, Terrone C, Gratarola A. (2020). Non-COVID-19 visits to emergency departments during the pandemic: the impact of fear. Public Health, 183:40-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.046.
  • Nab M, van Vehmendahl R, Somers I, Schoon Y, Hesselink G. (2021). Delayed emergency healthcare seeking behaviour by Dutch emergency department visitors during the first COVID-19 wave: a mixed methods retrospective observational study. BMC Emerg Med, 21(1):56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00449-9.
  • O'Connor AW, Hannah HA, Burnor EA, Fukutaki KG, Peterson T, Ballard DW, Ereman RR, Willis MD, Augusto OJ, Wagenaar BH. (2021). Emergency medical service utilization and response following covıd-19 emergency and stay-at-home policies: an ınterrupted time-series analysis. Cureus, 21;13(11): e19794. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.19794.
  • Reschen ME, Bowen J, Novak A, Giles M, Singh S, Lasserson D, O'Callaghan CA. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances and acute medical admissions. BMC Emerg Med, ;21(1):143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00529-w.
  • Saghafian S, Austin G, Traub SJ. (2015). Operations research/management contributions to emergency department patient flow optimization: Review and research prospects. IIE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 5(2): 101–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2015.1017676.
  • Salian VS, Wright JA, Vedell PT, Nair S, Li C, Kandimalla M, Tang X, Carmona Porquera EM, Kalari KR, Kandimalla KK. COVID-19 transmission, current treatment, and future therapeutic strategies. Mol Pharm, 18(3): 754–771. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00608
  • Sartini M, Carbone A, Demartini A, Giribone L, Oliva M, Spagnolo AM, Cremonesi P, Canale F, Cristina ML. (2022). Overcrowding in emergency department: causes, consequences, and solutions-a narrative review. Healthcare (Basel), 25;10(9):1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091625.
  • Sigorski D, Sobczuk P, Osmola M, Kuć K, Walerzak A, Wilk M, Ciszewski T, Kopeć S, Hryń K, Rutkowski P, Stec R, Szczylik C, Bodnar L. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on anxiety levels among patients with cancer actively treated with systemic therapy. ESMO Open, 5(5):e000970. https://doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000970.
  • Sundler AJ, Lindberg E, Nilsson C, Palmér L. (2019). Qualitative thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. Nurs Open, 6(3):733-739. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.275. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care, 19(6):349-357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042.
  • Türk M, Dursun R, Güloğlu C. (2021). COVID-19 sürecinde acil servis, hasta değerlendirme ve yönetimi. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 48(COVID-19 Özel Sayı): 23-8. DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.1004130.
  • Westgard BC, Morgan MW, Vazquez-Benitez G, Erickson LO, Zwank MD. (2020). An analysis of changes in emergency department visits after a state declaration during the time of COVID-19. Ann Emerg Med, 76(5):595-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.06.019.
  • Wong L, Hawkins J, Langness S, Murrell K, Iris P, Sammann A. (2020). Where are all the patients? addressing COVID-19 fear to encourage sick patients to seek emergency care. NEJM Catalyst, 1(3):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1056/CAT.20.0193.

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 14 - 22, 30.05.2023

Aynur Çetinkaya Emel Yılmaz Tuğba Cengiz Duygu Helvacı

https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226

Abstract

Project Number

YOK

References

  • Açıksarı K, Kınık K. (2020). Process management and outcomes of the emergency department of a training and research hospital in Turkey during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Anatolian Clinic Journal of Medical Sciences, 25: 263–283. https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.740776.
  • Anteby R, Zager Y, Barash Y, Nadler R, Cordoba M, Klang E, Klein Y, Ram E, Gutman M, Horesh N. (2020). The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak on the attendance of patients with surgical complaints at a tertiary hospital emergency department. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 30(9):1001-1007. https://doi.org/10.1089/lap.2020.0465.
  • Antony J, James WT, Neriamparambil AJ, Barot DD, Withers T. (2020). An Australian response to the COVID-19 Pandemic and its ımplications on the practice of neurosurgery. World Neurosurg, 139: e864-e871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.136.
  • Baysan Arabacı L, Dikeç G. (2020). COVID-19: Hastaya bakım veren sağlık profesyonellerinin psikososyal süreçleri ve destek yöntemleri. İçinde; İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ve COVID-19, Şenuzun Aykar F (Ed),. 1. Baskı. Türkiye Klinikleri, Ankara.
  • Boserup B, McKenney M, Elkbuli A. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department visits and patient safety in the United States. Am J Emerg Med, 38(9):1732-1736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.007.
  • Butt AA, Azad AM, Kartha AB, Masoodi NA, Bertollini R, Abou-Samra AB. (2020). Volume and acuity of emergency department visits prior to and after COVID-19. J Emerg Med, 59(5):730-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.08.013.
  • Castro VM, Perlis RH. (2020). Electronic health record documentation of psychiatric assessments in massachusetts emergency department and outpatient settings during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. JAMA Netw Open, 1;3(6):e2011346. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11346.
  • Chams N, Chams S, Badran R, Shams A, Araji A, Raad M, Mukhopadhyay S, Stroberg E, Duval EJ, Barton LM, Hajj Hussein I. (2020). COVID-19: A multidisciplinary review. Front Public Health, 8: 383. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00383.
  • Demirbilek Y, Pehlivantürk G, Özgüler ZÖ, Alp Meşe E. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey. Turk J Med Sci, 21; 50(SI-1):489-494. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2004-187.
  • Garrafa E, Levaggi R, Miniaci R, Paolillo C. (2020). When fear backfires: Emergency department accesses during the Covid-19 pandemic. Health Policy, 124(12):1333-1339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.10.006.
  • Göksoy B, Akça MT, Inanç ÖF. (2020). The impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on emergency department visits of surgical patients. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg, 26(5):685-692. https://doi.org/10.14744/etd.2020.67927.
  • Grandi G, Del Savio MC, Caroli M, Capobianco G, Dessole F, Tupponi G, Petrillo M, Succu C, Paoletti AM, Facchinetti F. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on admission to gynecological emergency departments: Results from a multicenter Italian study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 151(1):39-42. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13289.
  • Heiber M, Lou WY. (2006). Effect of the SARS outbreak on visits to a community hospital emergency department. CJEM, 8(5):323-328. https://doi.org/10.1017/s148180350001397x. Improta G, Majolo M, Raiola E, Russo G, Longo G, Triassi M. (2022). A case study to investigate the impact of overcrowding indices in emergency departments. BMC Emerg Med, 22(1):143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-022-00703-8.
  • Kurtgöz A, Avcı S. (2021). Acil servise başvuran hastaların covid-19 korku düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 7(77):405-412. https://doi.org/10.26449/sssj.2936
  • Kuş Saillard E. 82011). Systematic versus interpretive analysis with two CAQDAS Packages: NVivo and MAXQDA. Forum Qualitative Social Research, 12(1): Art. 34. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-12.1.1518.
  • Lucero AD, Lee A, Hyun J, Lee C, Kahwaji C, Miller G, Neeki M, Tamayo-Sarver J, Pan L. (2020). Underutilization of the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. West J Emerg Med, 21(6):15-23. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2020.8.48632.
  • Mantica G, Riccardi N, Terrone C, Gratarola A. (2020). Non-COVID-19 visits to emergency departments during the pandemic: the impact of fear. Public Health, 183:40-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.046.
  • Nab M, van Vehmendahl R, Somers I, Schoon Y, Hesselink G. (2021). Delayed emergency healthcare seeking behaviour by Dutch emergency department visitors during the first COVID-19 wave: a mixed methods retrospective observational study. BMC Emerg Med, 21(1):56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00449-9.
  • O'Connor AW, Hannah HA, Burnor EA, Fukutaki KG, Peterson T, Ballard DW, Ereman RR, Willis MD, Augusto OJ, Wagenaar BH. (2021). Emergency medical service utilization and response following covıd-19 emergency and stay-at-home policies: an ınterrupted time-series analysis. Cureus, 21;13(11): e19794. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.19794.
  • Reschen ME, Bowen J, Novak A, Giles M, Singh S, Lasserson D, O'Callaghan CA. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department attendances and acute medical admissions. BMC Emerg Med, ;21(1):143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00529-w.
  • Saghafian S, Austin G, Traub SJ. (2015). Operations research/management contributions to emergency department patient flow optimization: Review and research prospects. IIE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 5(2): 101–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2015.1017676.
  • Salian VS, Wright JA, Vedell PT, Nair S, Li C, Kandimalla M, Tang X, Carmona Porquera EM, Kalari KR, Kandimalla KK. COVID-19 transmission, current treatment, and future therapeutic strategies. Mol Pharm, 18(3): 754–771. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00608
  • Sartini M, Carbone A, Demartini A, Giribone L, Oliva M, Spagnolo AM, Cremonesi P, Canale F, Cristina ML. (2022). Overcrowding in emergency department: causes, consequences, and solutions-a narrative review. Healthcare (Basel), 25;10(9):1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091625.
  • Sigorski D, Sobczuk P, Osmola M, Kuć K, Walerzak A, Wilk M, Ciszewski T, Kopeć S, Hryń K, Rutkowski P, Stec R, Szczylik C, Bodnar L. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on anxiety levels among patients with cancer actively treated with systemic therapy. ESMO Open, 5(5):e000970. https://doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000970.
  • Sundler AJ, Lindberg E, Nilsson C, Palmér L. (2019). Qualitative thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. Nurs Open, 6(3):733-739. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.275. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care, 19(6):349-357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042.
  • Türk M, Dursun R, Güloğlu C. (2021). COVID-19 sürecinde acil servis, hasta değerlendirme ve yönetimi. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 48(COVID-19 Özel Sayı): 23-8. DOI: 10.5798/dicletip.1004130.
  • Westgard BC, Morgan MW, Vazquez-Benitez G, Erickson LO, Zwank MD. (2020). An analysis of changes in emergency department visits after a state declaration during the time of COVID-19. Ann Emerg Med, 76(5):595-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.06.019.
  • Wong L, Hawkins J, Langness S, Murrell K, Iris P, Sammann A. (2020). Where are all the patients? addressing COVID-19 fear to encourage sick patients to seek emergency care. NEJM Catalyst, 1(3):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1056/CAT.20.0193.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Aynur Çetinkaya 0000-0003-1599-0070

Emel Yılmaz 0000-0002-5127-6651

Tuğba Cengiz 0000-0002-0046-4927

Duygu Helvacı 0000-0001-7059-6450

Project Number YOK
Publication Date May 30, 2023
Submission Date October 29, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çetinkaya, A., Yılmaz, E., Cengiz, T., Helvacı, D. (2023). Hasta ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: “COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226
AMA Çetinkaya A, Yılmaz E, Cengiz T, Helvacı D.Hasta ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: “COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak.” EurasianJHS. May 2023;6(2):14-22. doi:10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226
Chicago Çetinkaya, Aynur, Emel Yılmaz, Tuğba Cengiz, and Duygu Helvacı. “Hasta Ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: ‘COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak’”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 6, no. 2 (May 2023): 14-22. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226.
EndNote Çetinkaya A, Yılmaz E, Cengiz T, Helvacı D (May 1, 2023) Hasta ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: “COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 6 2 14–22.
IEEE A. Çetinkaya, E. Yılmaz, T. Cengiz, and D. Helvacı, “Hasta ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: ‘COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak’”, EurasianJHS, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 14–22, 2023, doi: 10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226.
ISNAD Çetinkaya, Aynur et al. “Hasta Ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: ‘COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak’”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 6/2 (May 2023), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226.
JAMA Çetinkaya A, Yılmaz E, Cengiz T, Helvacı D. Hasta ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: “COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak”. EurasianJHS. 2023;6:14–22.
MLA Çetinkaya, Aynur et al. “Hasta Ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: ‘COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak’”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, 2023, pp. 14-22, doi:10.53493/avrasyasbd.1196226.
Vancouver Çetinkaya A, Yılmaz E, Cengiz T, Helvacı D. Hasta ve Yakınlarının Bakış Açısıyla COVID -19 Pandemi Sürecinde Acil Servise Başvuru Yapmak: “COVID-19’a Bir Adım Daha Yakın Olmak”. EurasianJHS. 2023;6(2):14-22.
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