Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

İnfertil kadınlarda aile içi şiddet ve kaygı düzeyleri

Year 2018, Volume: 43 Issue: 4, 777 - 784, 29.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.331064

Abstract

maç: İnfertil kadınlar arasında aile şiddet sıklığının saptanması, ilişkili bazı değişkenlerin incelenmesi ve anksiyete düzeyinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma süresince hastanenin infertilite polikiliniğine başvuran ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden toplam 774 kadın (%88.1) çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak literatürden faydalanılarak hazırlanan anket form, yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile araştırmacılar tarafından dolduruldu. Son 1 yıl içinde aile içi şiddet türlerinden en az 1 tanesine ve en az 1 kez maruz kalanlar “aile içi şiddet öyküsü” var olarak kabul edildi. Anksiyete düzeyinin değerlendirilmesinde ise BeckAnksiyete Ölçeği kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmamızda infertil kadınlardan 116’sı (%15) aile içi şiddete maruz kaldığını bildirdi. En çok görülen aile içi şiddet tipi %56.1 ile duygusal ve %21.9 ile cinsel cinsel şiddet idi.B u çalışmada 25 yaş ve üzeri olanlarda, lise ve üzeri öğrenim düzeyine sahip kadınlarda, çalışmayanlarda, sigara-alkol alışkanlığı olanlarda, obez olanlarda, birden fazla evlilik yaşayanlarda, ilk evlenme yaşı 19 ve altında olanlarda, evlilik süresi 4 yıl ve altında olanlarda, primer infertil olanlarda,  infertilite süresi 2 yıl ve daha az olanlarda, ailesinde infertilite öyküsü olanlarda aile şiddet maruziyetinin daha fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. Aile içi şiddet öyküsü olan infertil kadınların kaygı düzeyleri anlamlı bir şekilde daha yüksek bulundu.

Sonuç: İnfertil kadınlara yönelik aile içi şiddet, hem sosyal açıdan hem de kadın sağlığı açısından önemli bir sorundur. İnfertil kadınların varsa tedavilerinin sağlanarak çocuk sahibi olmaları onların ruh sağlıklarını olumlu yönde etkileyecektir.


References

  • World Health Organisation, Current practices and controversies in assisted reproduction, report of WHO meeting, Geneva. 2002.
  • Upkong D, Orji E. Mental health of infertile women in Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 2006; 17:259-65.
  • Sezgin H, Hocaoglu C. Psychiatric Aspects of Infertility. Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2014;6(2):165-184.
  • Avsar AFY, Tas EE, Akcay GY. B-12 Vitamin and Infertility. Ankara Medical Journal 2013; 13(2):82-84.
  • Cevrioglu, S. Psychosocial Aspects of Infertility. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 2009; 10 (1); 5-6.
  • Turkoglu D, Tamam L, Evlice YE. Psychiatric Aspects of Infertility. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 1997; 10(4); 48- 55.
  • Yanikkerem E, Kavlak O, Sevil U. Infertile Couple’s Problems and Nursing Approach. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 2008; 11(4); 112-121.
  • WHO Multicountry Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence Against Women Initial Reports on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and Women’s Responses, Geneva, WHO, 2005.
  • Demir U. Violence against women in the family. Atatürk University Journal of Nursing. 2000; 3(1): 57-61; Demir S, Oskay UY. Effects of Domestic Violence on Women’s Reproductive Health. J DU Health Sci Inst 2015; 5(1): 35-38.
  • Ersoy O, Yildiz H. Reproductive Health Problems and Depression Levels of Women Living in Sanctuary Houses as a Result of Husband Violence. Health Care for Women International. 2011; 32(9): 795-810.
  • Ardabily HE, Moghadam ZB, Salsali M, Ramezanzadeh F, Nedjat S. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in an Iranian setting. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011; 112(1): 15-17.
  • Yildizhan R, Adali E, Kolusari A, Kurdoglu M, Yildizhan B, Sahin G. Domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. Int J GynaecolObstet. 2009; 104(2): 110-112.
  • Leung TW, Ng EH, Leung WC, Ho PC. Intimate partner violence among infertile women. Int J GynecolObstet, 2003;83(3):323–324.
  • Ameh N, Kene TS, Onuh SO, Okohue JE, Umeora OU, Anozie OB. Burden of domestic violence amongst infertile women attending infertility clinics in Nigeria. Niger J Med 2007;16(4):375–377.
  • Gulcur L. A Study of Domestic Violence and Family Life in Ankara. Woman for Women Human Rights Reports 1999;4:5-7.
  • Brown GR, Anderson G. Psychiatric morbidity in adult inpatients with childhood histories of sexual and physical abuse. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1991; 148: 55-61.
  • Krahe B, Bieneck S, Möller I. Understanding gender and intimate partner violence from an international perspective. Sex Roles 2005; 52: 807-827.
  • Kocacik F, Kutlar A, Erselcan F. Domestic violence against women: A field study in Turkey. The Social Science Journal, 2007;44: 698–720.
  • García-Moreno C, Jansen HA, Watts, CH, Ellsberg M, Heise L. WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women’s responses. Geneva: WHO; 2005.
  • Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD, De Mouzon J, Ishihara O, Mansour R, Nygren K, Sullivan E, van der Poel S. on behalf of ICMART and WHO. The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Revised Glossary on ART Terminology Human Reproduction, 2009; 24(11): 2683–2687.
  • Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G et al. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol, 1988; 56: 893-897.
  • Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J CognPsychother, 1998; 12:163-172.
  • Durak Batigun A, Sahin NH. Two Scales for Job Stress and Psychological Health Investigation: Type-A Personality and Job Satisfaction. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry. 2006; 17 (1): 32-45.
  • Tolonen H, Wolf H, Jakovljevic D, Kuulasmaa K and the European Health Risk Monitoring Project. Review of surveys for risk factors of major chronic diseases and comparability of the results. European Health Risk Monitoring (EHRM) Project. October, 2002. Available at: URL: http://www.ktl.fi/publications/ehrm/product1/title.htm (Available date: 09.03.2011).
  • Tomkin S, Saburova L, Kiryanov N, Andreev E, McKee M, Shkolnikov V, et al. Prevalence and socio-economic distribution of hazardous patterns of alcohol drinking: study of alcohol consumption in men aged 25-54 years in Izhevsk, Russia. Addiction 2007; 102: 544.
  • Li M, Yan H, Dibley MJ, Chang SY, Sibbritt D. Prevalence of overweight and obesity and its associated risk factors in students aged 11-17 in Xi’an in 2004. ZhongguoYiXue Ke XueYuanXueBao. 2006;28: 234-239.
  • Unisa S: Childlessness in Andhra Pradesh, India: treatment-seeking and consequences. Reprod Health Matters 1999, 7(13):54–64.
  • Dyer SJ, Abrahams N, Hoffman M, van der Spuy ZM: ‘Men leave me as I cannot have children’: women’s experiences within voluntary childlessness. Hum Reprod 2002, 17(6):1663–1668.
  • Sami N, Ali TS. Domestic Violence Against Infertile Women in Karachi, Pakistan. ARSS. 2012; 1(1):15-20.
  • Tanriverdi G, Sipkin S. Effect of educational level of women on the domestic violence at Primary Health Care Unities in Canakkale. Firat Medical Journal. 2008;13 (3): 183-7.
  • Yaman Efe S, Ayaz S. Domestic violence against women and women's opinions related to domestic violence. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010; 11: 23-9.
  • Akyuz A, Sahiner G, Seven M, Bakir B. The Effect of Marital Violence on Infertility Distress among A Sample of Turkish Women, 20014; 8(1): 67-76.
  • Gokler EM, Arslantas D, Unsal A. Prevalence of domestic violence and associated factors among married women in a semi-rural area of western Turkey, Pak J Med Sci. 2014 Sep-Oct; 30(5): 1088–1093.
  • Sahin EM, Yetim D, Oyekcin DG. Rate of intimate partner violence against women and attitudes of women towards violence in Edirne Turkey. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal. 2012; 34: 23-32.
  • Meit SS, Fitzpatrick KM, Selby JB. Domestic Violence: Intimate Partner Violence. Rakel RE (Ed). Text book of family medicine 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, Elsevier, 2007; pp: 47-67.
  • Oguz, H.D. Effects of infertility in women receiving infertility treatment on mental health, marital relationships and sexual life. Dissertation, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Psychiatric Training and Research Hospital, 2004, Istanbul.
  • Sirin, A. In-vitro Fertilization and Approach on Couples Receiving This Treatment. First edition, Ege University Printing House, 2001, Izmir.
  • Akpinar, O. Domestic violence coping self efficacy of women who were victimized by domestic violence. Unpublished doctoral thesis. Ege University, 2001, Izmir.
  • Carlson, B. E., McNutt, L. A., Choi, D. Y. and Rose, I. M. (2002). Intimate partner abuse and mental health: The role of social support and other protective factors. Violence Against Women, 8, 720-745.
  • Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P. and Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 245-258.
  • Kandemirci D, Kagnici YD. Coping with Domestic Violence Against Women: A Multidimensional Review. Turkish Psychological Articles, June 2014, 17 (33), 1-12.
  • Roberts, A. R. and Burman, S. (1998). Crisis intervention and cognitive problem-solving therapy with battered women: A national survey and practice model. A. R. Roberts, (Ed.), Battered women and their families (2nd edition) (3-28). New York: Springer.
  • Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry Women’s Status General Directorate (2009): A Study of Domestic Violence towards Women in Turkey 2008, Available at: www.kadininstatusu.gov.tr.
  • Monga M, Alexandrescu B, Katz SE, Stein M, Ganiats T. Impact of infertility on quality of life, marital adjustment and sexual function. Urology 2004; 63:126-130. 68.
  • Fassino S, Piero A, Boggio S, Piccioni V. Anxiety, depression and anger suppression in infertile couples, a controlled study. Hum Reprod 2002;17: 2986-2994. 69.
  • Lee TY, Sun GH, Chao SC. The effect of an infertility diagnosis on the distress, marital and sexual satisfaction between husbands and wives in Taiwan. Hum Reprod 2001; 16:1762-1767.
  • Kargin M, Unal S. Determining Hopelessness In Infertile Individuals. Yeni Symposium 2011; 49:54-60.
  • Kirci N, Pasinlioglu T. Psychosocial Problems in Infertility Treatment, Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2013;5(2):162-178 doi:10.5455/cap.20130511
  • Tasci, KD, Ozlem, S. University School for Health Sciences Students' Opinions about Infertility. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 2007; 6(3):187-192.
  • Kavlak, O., Saruhan. A study on determination of the loneliness level in infertile women and to assess the factors that affect the loneliness level. Ege Journal of Medicine, 2002; 41(4):229-232.

Domestic violence and anxiety levels in infertile women

Year 2018, Volume: 43 Issue: 4, 777 - 784, 29.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.331064

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine the frequency of domestic violence in infertile women, to review some associated variables and to evaluate anxiety level.

Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of a total of 774 women (88.1%) admitted to the infertility outpatient clinic of the hospital and agreed to take part in the study. The questionnaire forms prepared by using the literature in line with the study objective were completed by the investigators with face-to-face interview method. The women who suffered from minimum one type of domestic violence at least once within last 1 year were regarded to have a “history of domestic violence”. The Beck Anxiety Inventory was used to assess anxiety level. Results: 116 (15.0%) infertile women in our study reported to suffer from domestic violence. The most frequently reported domestic violence type was emotional (56.1%) and sexual (21.9%). In our study, exposure to domestic violence was determined to be higher in women aged 25 years and above, with an education level of high school and above, with no job, with addiction of smoking and alcohol, with obesity, who got married more than once, whose first marriage age is 19 years and below, who are married for 4 years or below, with primary infertility, who are infertile for 2 years and below and with a family history of infertility. Anxiety levels of infertile women with a history of domestic violence were determined to be significantly higher.

Conclusion: Domestic violence against infertile women is an important issue with regard to women health and in social terms. Treatment of infertile women enabling them to have children will affect their mental health positively.


References

  • World Health Organisation, Current practices and controversies in assisted reproduction, report of WHO meeting, Geneva. 2002.
  • Upkong D, Orji E. Mental health of infertile women in Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 2006; 17:259-65.
  • Sezgin H, Hocaoglu C. Psychiatric Aspects of Infertility. Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2014;6(2):165-184.
  • Avsar AFY, Tas EE, Akcay GY. B-12 Vitamin and Infertility. Ankara Medical Journal 2013; 13(2):82-84.
  • Cevrioglu, S. Psychosocial Aspects of Infertility. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 2009; 10 (1); 5-6.
  • Turkoglu D, Tamam L, Evlice YE. Psychiatric Aspects of Infertility. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 1997; 10(4); 48- 55.
  • Yanikkerem E, Kavlak O, Sevil U. Infertile Couple’s Problems and Nursing Approach. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 2008; 11(4); 112-121.
  • WHO Multicountry Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence Against Women Initial Reports on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and Women’s Responses, Geneva, WHO, 2005.
  • Demir U. Violence against women in the family. Atatürk University Journal of Nursing. 2000; 3(1): 57-61; Demir S, Oskay UY. Effects of Domestic Violence on Women’s Reproductive Health. J DU Health Sci Inst 2015; 5(1): 35-38.
  • Ersoy O, Yildiz H. Reproductive Health Problems and Depression Levels of Women Living in Sanctuary Houses as a Result of Husband Violence. Health Care for Women International. 2011; 32(9): 795-810.
  • Ardabily HE, Moghadam ZB, Salsali M, Ramezanzadeh F, Nedjat S. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in an Iranian setting. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011; 112(1): 15-17.
  • Yildizhan R, Adali E, Kolusari A, Kurdoglu M, Yildizhan B, Sahin G. Domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. Int J GynaecolObstet. 2009; 104(2): 110-112.
  • Leung TW, Ng EH, Leung WC, Ho PC. Intimate partner violence among infertile women. Int J GynecolObstet, 2003;83(3):323–324.
  • Ameh N, Kene TS, Onuh SO, Okohue JE, Umeora OU, Anozie OB. Burden of domestic violence amongst infertile women attending infertility clinics in Nigeria. Niger J Med 2007;16(4):375–377.
  • Gulcur L. A Study of Domestic Violence and Family Life in Ankara. Woman for Women Human Rights Reports 1999;4:5-7.
  • Brown GR, Anderson G. Psychiatric morbidity in adult inpatients with childhood histories of sexual and physical abuse. The American Journal of Psychiatry 1991; 148: 55-61.
  • Krahe B, Bieneck S, Möller I. Understanding gender and intimate partner violence from an international perspective. Sex Roles 2005; 52: 807-827.
  • Kocacik F, Kutlar A, Erselcan F. Domestic violence against women: A field study in Turkey. The Social Science Journal, 2007;44: 698–720.
  • García-Moreno C, Jansen HA, Watts, CH, Ellsberg M, Heise L. WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women’s responses. Geneva: WHO; 2005.
  • Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD, De Mouzon J, Ishihara O, Mansour R, Nygren K, Sullivan E, van der Poel S. on behalf of ICMART and WHO. The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Revised Glossary on ART Terminology Human Reproduction, 2009; 24(11): 2683–2687.
  • Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G et al. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol, 1988; 56: 893-897.
  • Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J CognPsychother, 1998; 12:163-172.
  • Durak Batigun A, Sahin NH. Two Scales for Job Stress and Psychological Health Investigation: Type-A Personality and Job Satisfaction. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry. 2006; 17 (1): 32-45.
  • Tolonen H, Wolf H, Jakovljevic D, Kuulasmaa K and the European Health Risk Monitoring Project. Review of surveys for risk factors of major chronic diseases and comparability of the results. European Health Risk Monitoring (EHRM) Project. October, 2002. Available at: URL: http://www.ktl.fi/publications/ehrm/product1/title.htm (Available date: 09.03.2011).
  • Tomkin S, Saburova L, Kiryanov N, Andreev E, McKee M, Shkolnikov V, et al. Prevalence and socio-economic distribution of hazardous patterns of alcohol drinking: study of alcohol consumption in men aged 25-54 years in Izhevsk, Russia. Addiction 2007; 102: 544.
  • Li M, Yan H, Dibley MJ, Chang SY, Sibbritt D. Prevalence of overweight and obesity and its associated risk factors in students aged 11-17 in Xi’an in 2004. ZhongguoYiXue Ke XueYuanXueBao. 2006;28: 234-239.
  • Unisa S: Childlessness in Andhra Pradesh, India: treatment-seeking and consequences. Reprod Health Matters 1999, 7(13):54–64.
  • Dyer SJ, Abrahams N, Hoffman M, van der Spuy ZM: ‘Men leave me as I cannot have children’: women’s experiences within voluntary childlessness. Hum Reprod 2002, 17(6):1663–1668.
  • Sami N, Ali TS. Domestic Violence Against Infertile Women in Karachi, Pakistan. ARSS. 2012; 1(1):15-20.
  • Tanriverdi G, Sipkin S. Effect of educational level of women on the domestic violence at Primary Health Care Unities in Canakkale. Firat Medical Journal. 2008;13 (3): 183-7.
  • Yaman Efe S, Ayaz S. Domestic violence against women and women's opinions related to domestic violence. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010; 11: 23-9.
  • Akyuz A, Sahiner G, Seven M, Bakir B. The Effect of Marital Violence on Infertility Distress among A Sample of Turkish Women, 20014; 8(1): 67-76.
  • Gokler EM, Arslantas D, Unsal A. Prevalence of domestic violence and associated factors among married women in a semi-rural area of western Turkey, Pak J Med Sci. 2014 Sep-Oct; 30(5): 1088–1093.
  • Sahin EM, Yetim D, Oyekcin DG. Rate of intimate partner violence against women and attitudes of women towards violence in Edirne Turkey. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal. 2012; 34: 23-32.
  • Meit SS, Fitzpatrick KM, Selby JB. Domestic Violence: Intimate Partner Violence. Rakel RE (Ed). Text book of family medicine 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, Elsevier, 2007; pp: 47-67.
  • Oguz, H.D. Effects of infertility in women receiving infertility treatment on mental health, marital relationships and sexual life. Dissertation, Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Psychiatric Training and Research Hospital, 2004, Istanbul.
  • Sirin, A. In-vitro Fertilization and Approach on Couples Receiving This Treatment. First edition, Ege University Printing House, 2001, Izmir.
  • Akpinar, O. Domestic violence coping self efficacy of women who were victimized by domestic violence. Unpublished doctoral thesis. Ege University, 2001, Izmir.
  • Carlson, B. E., McNutt, L. A., Choi, D. Y. and Rose, I. M. (2002). Intimate partner abuse and mental health: The role of social support and other protective factors. Violence Against Women, 8, 720-745.
  • Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P. and Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 245-258.
  • Kandemirci D, Kagnici YD. Coping with Domestic Violence Against Women: A Multidimensional Review. Turkish Psychological Articles, June 2014, 17 (33), 1-12.
  • Roberts, A. R. and Burman, S. (1998). Crisis intervention and cognitive problem-solving therapy with battered women: A national survey and practice model. A. R. Roberts, (Ed.), Battered women and their families (2nd edition) (3-28). New York: Springer.
  • Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry Women’s Status General Directorate (2009): A Study of Domestic Violence towards Women in Turkey 2008, Available at: www.kadininstatusu.gov.tr.
  • Monga M, Alexandrescu B, Katz SE, Stein M, Ganiats T. Impact of infertility on quality of life, marital adjustment and sexual function. Urology 2004; 63:126-130. 68.
  • Fassino S, Piero A, Boggio S, Piccioni V. Anxiety, depression and anger suppression in infertile couples, a controlled study. Hum Reprod 2002;17: 2986-2994. 69.
  • Lee TY, Sun GH, Chao SC. The effect of an infertility diagnosis on the distress, marital and sexual satisfaction between husbands and wives in Taiwan. Hum Reprod 2001; 16:1762-1767.
  • Kargin M, Unal S. Determining Hopelessness In Infertile Individuals. Yeni Symposium 2011; 49:54-60.
  • Kirci N, Pasinlioglu T. Psychosocial Problems in Infertility Treatment, Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2013;5(2):162-178 doi:10.5455/cap.20130511
  • Tasci, KD, Ozlem, S. University School for Health Sciences Students' Opinions about Infertility. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 2007; 6(3):187-192.
  • Kavlak, O., Saruhan. A study on determination of the loneliness level in infertile women and to assess the factors that affect the loneliness level. Ege Journal of Medicine, 2002; 41(4):229-232.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research
Authors

Sevil Şahin 0000-0001-7089-6648

Kevser İlçioğlu This is me 0000-0002-4900-9095

Alaettin Ünsal 0000-0001-8353-1605

Publication Date December 29, 2018
Acceptance Date January 13, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 43 Issue: 4

Cite

MLA Şahin, Sevil et al. “Domestic Violence and Anxiety Levels in Infertile Women”. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol. 43, no. 4, 2018, pp. 777-84, doi:10.17826/cumj.331064.