Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri

Sibel Çiğdem Tuncer; Özge Kandemir; Cihan Gür

doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435

Research Article

Cardioprotective Effects of Carvacrol on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Rats

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1106 - 1114, 26.09.2023

Sibel Çiğdem Tuncer Özge Kandemir Cihan Gür

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435

Abstract

Introduction: Sodium arsenite is a toxic compound affecting millions of people's health. As a result of long-term arsenite exposure, many tissues in the body are affected, especially the heart, kidney, and liver. Carvacrol (KRV) is a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects found in plants such as thyme and black pepper. This study aimed to investigate the use and possible consequences of KRV, a natural antioxidant, on sodium arsenite-induced heart damage.
Material-Methods: 25 or 50 mg/kg KRV was administered 30 minutes after sodium arsenite was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 14 days. On the 15th day, 35 animals were decapitated and their heart tissues were taken and biochemical analyzes were performed.
Results: Sodium arsenite increased the levels of inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and ER stress markers in heart tissue compared to the control group (P<0.05). With the application of KRV, decreases occurred in all these increases (P<0.05).
Discussion: It was concluded that KRV has potential protective properties in sodium arsenite-induced cardiotoxicity.

Keywords

Carvacrol, Inflammation, Sodium Arsenite, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress

References

1. Turk, E, Kandemir, F.M, Yildirim, S, Caglayan, C, Kucukler, S. and Kuzu, M. (2019). ‘‘Protective Effect of Hesperidin on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats’’. Biological Trace Element Research, 189 (1), 95-108.
2. Akanda, M.R, Tae, H.-J, Kim, I.-S, Ahn, D, Tian, W, Islam, A, Nam, H.-H, Choo, B.-K. ve Park, B.-Y. (2017). ‘‘Hepatoprotective Role of Hydrangea Macrophylla Against Sodium Arsenite-Induced Mitochondrial-Dependent Oxidative Stress via the Inhibition of MAPK/Caspase-3 Pathways’’. Int. J. Mol. Sci, 18, 1482. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18071482
3. Momeni, H.R. and Eskandari, N. (2017). ‘‘Effect of Curcumin on Kidney Histopathological Changes, Lipid Peroxidation and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Serum in Sodium Arsenite-Treated Mice’’. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology : Official Journal of the Gesellschaft Fur Toxikologische Pathologie, 69 (2), 93–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2016.08.006
4. Dkhil, M.A, Abdel Moneim, A.E, Bauomy, A.A, Khalil, M, Al-Shaebi, E.M. and Al-Quraishy, S. (2020). ‘‘Chlorogenic Acid Prevents Hepatotoxicity in Arsenic-Treated Mice: Role of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis’’. Molecular Biology Reports, 47 (2), 1161-1171.
5. Caglayan, C, Demir, Y, Kucukler, S, Taslimi, P, Kandemir, F.M. and Gulçin, İ. (2019). ‘‘The Effects of Hesperidin on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Different Organ Toxicity in Rats on Metabolic Enzymes as Antidiabetic and Anticholinergics Potentials: A Biochemical Approach’’. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 43 (2), e12720. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12720
6. Hosseinzadeh, A, Houshmand, G, Goudarzi, M, Sezavar, S.H, Mehrzadi, S, Mansouri, E. and Kalantar, M. (2019). ‘‘Ameliorative Effect of Gallic Acid on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Spleno-, Cardio-and Hemato-Toxicity in Rats’’. Life Sciences, 217, 91-100.
7. AL‐Megrin, W.A, Metwally, D.M, Habotta, O.A, Amin, H.K, Abdel Moneim, A.E. and El‐khadragy, M. (2020). ‘‘Nephroprotective Effects of Chlorogenic Acid Against Sodium Arsenite‐Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis’’. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture, 100 (14), 5162-5170.
8. Kuzu, M, Kandemir, F.M, Yıldırım, S, Çağlayan, C. and Küçükler, S. (2021). ‘‘Attenuation of Sodium Arsenite-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Neurotoxicity With the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Effects of Hesperidin’’. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28 (9), 10818-10831.
9. Kandemir, F.M, Caglayan, C, Darendelioğlu, E, Küçükler, S, İzol, E. and Kandemir, Ö. (2021). ‘‘Modulatory Effects of Carvacrol Against Cadmium-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity by Molecular Targeting Regulation’’. Life Sciences, 277, 119610.
10. Yesildag, K, Gur, C, Ileriturk, M. and Kandemir, F.M. (2022). ‘‘Evaluation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Oxidative DNA Damage and Metalloproteinases in The Lungs of Rats Treated With Cadmium and Carvacrol’’. Molecular Biology Reports, 49 (2), 1201-1211.
11. Gur, C, Akarsu, S.A, Akaras, N, Tuncer, S.C. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Carvacrol Reduces Abnormal and Dead Sperm Counts by Attenuating Sodium Arsenite‐Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in the Testicular Tissues of Rats’’. Environmental Toxicology, 38 (6), 1265-1276.
12. Sun, Y, Oberley, L.W. and Li, Y. (1988). ‘‘A Simple Method for Clinical Assay of Superoxide Dismutase’’. Clinical Chemisty, 34, 497–500. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.3.497
13. Aebi, H. (1984). [13] ‘‘Catalase in vitro’’. Methods in Enzymology, 105, 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05016-3
14. Lawrence, R.A. and Burk, R.F. (1976). ‘‘Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Selenium-Deficient Rat Liver’’. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 71, 952–958. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(76)90747-6
15. Sedlak, J. and Lindsay, RH. (1968). ‘‘Estimation of Total, Protein-Bound, and Nonprotein Sulfhydryl Groups in Tissue With Ellman’s Reagent’’. Analitical Biochemistry, 25, 192–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(68)90092-4
16. Placer, Z.A, Cushman, L.L. and Johnson, B.C. (1966). ‘‘Estimation of Product of Lipid Peroxidation (Malonyl Dialdehyde) in Biochemical Systems’’. Analitical Biochemistry, 16, 359–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(66)90167-9
17. Livak K.J. and Schmittgen T.D. (2001). ‘‘Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2− ΔΔCT Method’’. Methods, 25 (4), 402-8.
18. Kandemir, F.M, Yıldırım, S, Kucukler, S, Caglayan, C, Darendelioğlu, E. and Dortbudak, M.B. (2020). ‘‘Protective Effects of Morin Against Acrylamide-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity: A Multi-Biomarker Approach’’. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 138, 111190.
19. Akaras, N, Gur, C, Kucukler, S. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Zingerone Reduces Sodium Arsenite-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis and Histopathological Changes’’. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 374, 110410.
20. Gur, C. and Kandemir, F.M. (2022). ‘‘Molecular and Biochemical Investigation of the Protective Effects of Rutin Against Liver and Kidney Toxicity Caused by Malathion Administration in a Rat Model’’. Environmental Toxicology, 38 (3), 555-565.
21. Caglayan, C, Kandemir, F.M, Ayna, A, Gür, C, Küçükler, S. and Darendelioğlu, E. (2022). ‘‘Neuroprotective Effects of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Against Bisphenol A-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats: Involvement of Neuronal Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and JAK1/STAT1 Signaling Pathway’’. Metabolic Brain Disease, 37 (6), 1931-1940.
22. Kocak, C, Kocak, F.E, Akcilar, R, Bayat, Z, Aras, B, Metineren, M.H, Yucel, M. and Simsek, H. (2016). ‘‘Effects Of Captopril, Telmisartan And Bardoxolone Methyl (CDDO‐Me) in Ischemia‐Reperfusion‐Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats: An Experimental Comparative Study’’. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 43(2), 230-241.
23. Caglayan, C, Kandemir, F.M, Darendelioğlu, E, Yıldırım, S, Kucukler, S. and Dortbudak, M.B. (2019). ‘‘Rutin Ameliorates Mercuric Chloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats via İnterfering with Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis’’. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 56, 60-68.
24. Simsek, H. and Akaras, N. (2023). ‘‘Acacetin Ameliorates Acetylsalicylic Acid-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats by Interfering with Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis’’. Int J Med Biochem, 6 (2), 96-103.
25. Şimşek, H, Akaras, N, Gür, C, Küçükler, S. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Beneficial Effects of Chrysin on Cadmium‐Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Modulating the Levels of Nrf2/HO‐1, RAGE/NLRP3, and Caspase-3/Bax/Bcl-2 Signaling Pathways’’. Gene, 875, 147502.
26. Akcılar, R, Akcılar, A, Koçak, C, Koçak, F.E, Bayat, Z, Şimşek, H, Şahin, S. and Savran, B. (2015). ‘‘Effects of Ukrain on Intestinal Apoptosis Caused by Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats’’. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 8 (12), 22158.
27. Kuzu, M, Kandemir, F.M, Yildirim, S, Kucukler, S, Caglayan, C. and Turk, E. (2018). ‘‘Morin Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Heart and Brain Damage by Reducing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis’’. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 106, 443-453.
28. Gur, C, Kandemir, O. and Kandemir, F.M. (2022). ‘‘Investigation of the Effects of Hesperidin Administration on Abamectin-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats Through Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Autophagy, and JAK2/STAT3 Pathways’’. Environmental Toxicology, 37 (3), 401–412. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.23406
29. Ileriturk, M, Kandemir, O, Akaras, N, Simsek, H, Genc, A. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Hesperidin Has a Protective Effect on Paclitaxel-Induced Testicular Toxicity Through Regulating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, Inflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress’’. Reproductive Toxicology, 118, 108369.
30. Wang, J, Zhu, H, Wang, K, Yang, Z. and Liu, Z. (2020). ‘’Protective Effect of Quercetin on Rat Testes Against Cadmium Toxicity by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Autophagy’’. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27 (20), 25278-25286.
31. Gur, C, Kandemir, F.M, Darendelioglu, E, Caglayan, C, Kucukler, S, Kandemir, O. and Ileriturk, M. (2021). ‘‘Morin Protects Against Acrylamide-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats: An Investigation into Different Signal Pathways’’. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28 (36), 49808-49819.

Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1106 - 1114, 26.09.2023

Sibel Çiğdem Tuncer Özge Kandemir Cihan Gür

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435

Abstract

Giriş: Sodyum arsenit, toksik bir bileşik olup milyonlarca insanın sağlığını etkilemektedir. Uzun süreli arsenit maruziyeti sonucunda kalp, böbrek ve karaciğer başta olmak üzere vücutta birçok doku etkilenmektedir. Karvakrol (KRV), kekik, karabiber gibi bitkilerde bulunan anti-inflamatuvar ve antioksidan etkilere sahip doğal bir flavanoidtir. Bu çalışmada sodyum arsenit kaynaklı kalp hasarı üzerine doğal bir antioksidan olan KRV’ün kullanımı ve muhtemel etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal-Metot: 14 gün boyunca 10 mg/kg dozda sodyum arsenit uygulaması yapıldıktan 30 dakika sonra 25 veya 50 mg/kg KRV uygulaması yapıldı. 15. günde 35 adet hayvan dekapite edilerek kalp dokuları alındı ve biyokimyasal analizler yapıldı.
Bulgular: Sodyum arsenit kalp dokusunda inflamasyon, oksidatif stres, otofaji, apoptoz ve ER stres markırlarının düzeylerini kontrol grubuna göre arttırdı (P<0,05). KRV uygulamasıyla birlikte tüm bu artış miktarlarında azalmalar meydana gelmiştir (P<0,05).
Tartışma: Sodyum arsenit kaynaklı kardiyotoksisitede KRV'in potansiyel koruyucu özelliklere sahip olduğu sonucuna varıldı.

Keywords

İnflamasyon, Karvakrol, Sodyum Arsenit, Toksisite, Oksidatif Stres

References

1. Turk, E, Kandemir, F.M, Yildirim, S, Caglayan, C, Kucukler, S. and Kuzu, M. (2019). ‘‘Protective Effect of Hesperidin on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats’’. Biological Trace Element Research, 189 (1), 95-108.
2. Akanda, M.R, Tae, H.-J, Kim, I.-S, Ahn, D, Tian, W, Islam, A, Nam, H.-H, Choo, B.-K. ve Park, B.-Y. (2017). ‘‘Hepatoprotective Role of Hydrangea Macrophylla Against Sodium Arsenite-Induced Mitochondrial-Dependent Oxidative Stress via the Inhibition of MAPK/Caspase-3 Pathways’’. Int. J. Mol. Sci, 18, 1482. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18071482
3. Momeni, H.R. and Eskandari, N. (2017). ‘‘Effect of Curcumin on Kidney Histopathological Changes, Lipid Peroxidation and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Serum in Sodium Arsenite-Treated Mice’’. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology : Official Journal of the Gesellschaft Fur Toxikologische Pathologie, 69 (2), 93–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2016.08.006
4. Dkhil, M.A, Abdel Moneim, A.E, Bauomy, A.A, Khalil, M, Al-Shaebi, E.M. and Al-Quraishy, S. (2020). ‘‘Chlorogenic Acid Prevents Hepatotoxicity in Arsenic-Treated Mice: Role of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis’’. Molecular Biology Reports, 47 (2), 1161-1171.
5. Caglayan, C, Demir, Y, Kucukler, S, Taslimi, P, Kandemir, F.M. and Gulçin, İ. (2019). ‘‘The Effects of Hesperidin on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Different Organ Toxicity in Rats on Metabolic Enzymes as Antidiabetic and Anticholinergics Potentials: A Biochemical Approach’’. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 43 (2), e12720. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12720
6. Hosseinzadeh, A, Houshmand, G, Goudarzi, M, Sezavar, S.H, Mehrzadi, S, Mansouri, E. and Kalantar, M. (2019). ‘‘Ameliorative Effect of Gallic Acid on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Spleno-, Cardio-and Hemato-Toxicity in Rats’’. Life Sciences, 217, 91-100.
7. AL‐Megrin, W.A, Metwally, D.M, Habotta, O.A, Amin, H.K, Abdel Moneim, A.E. and El‐khadragy, M. (2020). ‘‘Nephroprotective Effects of Chlorogenic Acid Against Sodium Arsenite‐Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis’’. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture, 100 (14), 5162-5170.
8. Kuzu, M, Kandemir, F.M, Yıldırım, S, Çağlayan, C. and Küçükler, S. (2021). ‘‘Attenuation of Sodium Arsenite-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Neurotoxicity With the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Effects of Hesperidin’’. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28 (9), 10818-10831.
9. Kandemir, F.M, Caglayan, C, Darendelioğlu, E, Küçükler, S, İzol, E. and Kandemir, Ö. (2021). ‘‘Modulatory Effects of Carvacrol Against Cadmium-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity by Molecular Targeting Regulation’’. Life Sciences, 277, 119610.
10. Yesildag, K, Gur, C, Ileriturk, M. and Kandemir, F.M. (2022). ‘‘Evaluation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Oxidative DNA Damage and Metalloproteinases in The Lungs of Rats Treated With Cadmium and Carvacrol’’. Molecular Biology Reports, 49 (2), 1201-1211.
11. Gur, C, Akarsu, S.A, Akaras, N, Tuncer, S.C. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Carvacrol Reduces Abnormal and Dead Sperm Counts by Attenuating Sodium Arsenite‐Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in the Testicular Tissues of Rats’’. Environmental Toxicology, 38 (6), 1265-1276.
12. Sun, Y, Oberley, L.W. and Li, Y. (1988). ‘‘A Simple Method for Clinical Assay of Superoxide Dismutase’’. Clinical Chemisty, 34, 497–500. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.3.497
13. Aebi, H. (1984). [13] ‘‘Catalase in vitro’’. Methods in Enzymology, 105, 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05016-3
14. Lawrence, R.A. and Burk, R.F. (1976). ‘‘Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Selenium-Deficient Rat Liver’’. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 71, 952–958. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(76)90747-6
15. Sedlak, J. and Lindsay, RH. (1968). ‘‘Estimation of Total, Protein-Bound, and Nonprotein Sulfhydryl Groups in Tissue With Ellman’s Reagent’’. Analitical Biochemistry, 25, 192–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(68)90092-4
16. Placer, Z.A, Cushman, L.L. and Johnson, B.C. (1966). ‘‘Estimation of Product of Lipid Peroxidation (Malonyl Dialdehyde) in Biochemical Systems’’. Analitical Biochemistry, 16, 359–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(66)90167-9
17. Livak K.J. and Schmittgen T.D. (2001). ‘‘Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2− ΔΔCT Method’’. Methods, 25 (4), 402-8.
18. Kandemir, F.M, Yıldırım, S, Kucukler, S, Caglayan, C, Darendelioğlu, E. and Dortbudak, M.B. (2020). ‘‘Protective Effects of Morin Against Acrylamide-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity: A Multi-Biomarker Approach’’. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 138, 111190.
19. Akaras, N, Gur, C, Kucukler, S. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Zingerone Reduces Sodium Arsenite-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis and Histopathological Changes’’. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 374, 110410.
20. Gur, C. and Kandemir, F.M. (2022). ‘‘Molecular and Biochemical Investigation of the Protective Effects of Rutin Against Liver and Kidney Toxicity Caused by Malathion Administration in a Rat Model’’. Environmental Toxicology, 38 (3), 555-565.
21. Caglayan, C, Kandemir, F.M, Ayna, A, Gür, C, Küçükler, S. and Darendelioğlu, E. (2022). ‘‘Neuroprotective Effects of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Against Bisphenol A-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats: Involvement of Neuronal Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and JAK1/STAT1 Signaling Pathway’’. Metabolic Brain Disease, 37 (6), 1931-1940.
22. Kocak, C, Kocak, F.E, Akcilar, R, Bayat, Z, Aras, B, Metineren, M.H, Yucel, M. and Simsek, H. (2016). ‘‘Effects Of Captopril, Telmisartan And Bardoxolone Methyl (CDDO‐Me) in Ischemia‐Reperfusion‐Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats: An Experimental Comparative Study’’. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 43(2), 230-241.
23. Caglayan, C, Kandemir, F.M, Darendelioğlu, E, Yıldırım, S, Kucukler, S. and Dortbudak, M.B. (2019). ‘‘Rutin Ameliorates Mercuric Chloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats via İnterfering with Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis’’. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 56, 60-68.
24. Simsek, H. and Akaras, N. (2023). ‘‘Acacetin Ameliorates Acetylsalicylic Acid-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats by Interfering with Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis’’. Int J Med Biochem, 6 (2), 96-103.
25. Şimşek, H, Akaras, N, Gür, C, Küçükler, S. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Beneficial Effects of Chrysin on Cadmium‐Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Modulating the Levels of Nrf2/HO‐1, RAGE/NLRP3, and Caspase-3/Bax/Bcl-2 Signaling Pathways’’. Gene, 875, 147502.
26. Akcılar, R, Akcılar, A, Koçak, C, Koçak, F.E, Bayat, Z, Şimşek, H, Şahin, S. and Savran, B. (2015). ‘‘Effects of Ukrain on Intestinal Apoptosis Caused by Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats’’. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 8 (12), 22158.
27. Kuzu, M, Kandemir, F.M, Yildirim, S, Kucukler, S, Caglayan, C. and Turk, E. (2018). ‘‘Morin Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Heart and Brain Damage by Reducing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis’’. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 106, 443-453.
28. Gur, C, Kandemir, O. and Kandemir, F.M. (2022). ‘‘Investigation of the Effects of Hesperidin Administration on Abamectin-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats Through Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Autophagy, and JAK2/STAT3 Pathways’’. Environmental Toxicology, 37 (3), 401–412. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.23406
29. Ileriturk, M, Kandemir, O, Akaras, N, Simsek, H, Genc, A. and Kandemir, F.M. (2023). ‘‘Hesperidin Has a Protective Effect on Paclitaxel-Induced Testicular Toxicity Through Regulating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, Inflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress’’. Reproductive Toxicology, 118, 108369.
30. Wang, J, Zhu, H, Wang, K, Yang, Z. and Liu, Z. (2020). ‘’Protective Effect of Quercetin on Rat Testes Against Cadmium Toxicity by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Autophagy’’. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27 (20), 25278-25286.
31. Gur, C, Kandemir, F.M, Darendelioglu, E, Caglayan, C, Kucukler, S, Kandemir, O. and Ileriturk, M. (2021). ‘‘Morin Protects Against Acrylamide-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats: An Investigation into Different Signal Pathways’’. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28 (36), 49808-49819.

There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Original Article
Authors	Sibel Çiğdem Tuncer 0000-0002-6250-5093 Özge Kandemir 0000-0001-8884-4168 Cihan Gür 0000-0001-6775-7858
Publication Date	September 26, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Tuncer, S. Ç., Kandemir, Ö., & Gür, C. (2023). Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(3), 1106-1114. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435
AMA	Tuncer SÇ, Kandemir Ö, Gür C. Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. September 2023;12(3):1106-1114. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435
Chicago	Tuncer, Sibel Çiğdem, Özge Kandemir, and Cihan Gür. “Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit Ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 3 (September 2023): 1106-14. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435.
EndNote	Tuncer SÇ, Kandemir Ö, Gür C (September 1, 2023) Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 3 1106–1114.
IEEE	S. Ç. Tuncer, Ö. Kandemir, and C. Gür, “Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 1106–1114, 2023, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435.
ISNAD	Tuncer, Sibel Çiğdem et al. “Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit Ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12/3 (September 2023), 1106-1114. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435.
JAMA	Tuncer SÇ, Kandemir Ö, Gür C. Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12:1106–1114.
MLA	Tuncer, Sibel Çiğdem et al. “Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit Ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, 2023, pp. 1106-14, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1227435.
Vancouver	Tuncer SÇ, Kandemir Ö, Gür C. Sıçanlarda Sodyum Arsenit ile Oluşturulan Kalp Toksisitesi Üzerine Karvakrol’un Kardiyoprotektif Etkileri. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12(3):1106-14.

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