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Effects of Electrical Stimulation and K+ Depolarization On The Release and Contents of Acetlcholine and Choline In Superfused Slices From Rat Striatum

Year 2011, Issue: 2, 80 - 87, 01.06.2011

İsmail Hakkı Ulus

Abstract

Effects of electrical stimulation and potassium depolarization on acetylcholine and choline release and synthesis in rat brain striatal slices Objective: The aim of the study was to determine effects of electrical stimulation and potassium depolarization on acetylcholine and choline release and synthesis in rat brain striatal slices Methods: Striatal slices from rat brain were perfused with physiological medium under basal and stimulated conditions, either with electrically or high potassium medium, for 120 min. Acetylcholine and choline contents of the perfusate and tissue were assayed radioenzymatically. Results: Striatal slices released 376±20 pmol/mg protein/120 min acetylcholine and 2375±85 pmol/mg protein/120 min choline into the perfusate at rest. When sliced stimulated by high potassium or electrically, acetylcholine release into the perfusate were increased by 5-6 folds and reached to 2360±85 or 2830±174 pmol/mg protein/120 min, respectively. Choline release into perfusate was not change during electrical stimulation. During high potassium depolarization, choline release increased by 50% at first 20-min period but decreased by 25% during the whole of 120-min period. The tissue contents of acetylcholine, but not choline, decreased slightly by 20%; p

Keywords

striatal slices acetlcholine choline eletrical stimulation K+ depolarization

References

  • Li C-L, McIlwain H. Maintenance of resting membrane potentials in slices of mammalian cerebral cortex and other tissues in vitro. J Physiol 1957; 139: 178-190.
  • Dunwiddie T, Mueller A, Basile A. The use of brain slice in central nervous system pharmacology. Fed Proc 1983; 42: 2891-2898.
  • McCormick DA. Refi nements in the in-vitro slice technique and human neuropharmacology. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1990; 11: 53-56.
  • Collingridge GL. The brain slice preparation: a tribute to the pioneer Henry McIlwain. J Neurosci Methods 1995; 59: 5-9.
  • Cho S, Wood A, Bowlby MR. Brain slices as models for neurodegenerative disease and screening platforms to identify novel therapeutics. Current Neuropharmacol 2007; 5: 19-33.
  • Ulus IH, Wurtman RJ. Prevention by choline of the depletion of membrane phosphatidylcholine by a cholinesterase inhibitor. N Eng J Med 1988; 318: 191.
  • Ulus IH, Wurtman RJ, Mauron C, Blusztajn JK. Choline increases acetylcholine release and protects against the stimulation-induced decrease in phosphatide levels within membranes of rat corpus striatum. Brain Res 1989; 484: 217-227.
  • Ulus IH, Buyukuysal RL, Wurtman RJ. N-Methyl-D-Aspartate increases acetylcholine release from rat striatum and cortex: Its eff ect is augmented by choline. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992; 261: 1122-1128.
  • Büyükuysal RL, Ulus IH, Kıran BK. Age-related alterations in pre-synaptic and receptor-mediated cholinergic functions in rat brain. Neurochem Res 1998; 23: 719-726.
  • Ulus IH, Watkins CJ, Cansev M, Wurtman RJ. Cytidine and uridine increase striatal CDP-choline levels without decreasing acetylcholine synthesis or release. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2006; 26: 563-577.
  • Ulus IH. Dopamin reseptör agonisti maddelerin sıçan beyni stiatal dilimlerinde kolin ve asetilkolin salıverilmesine, doku kolin, asetilkolin ve fosfolipid düzeylerine etkisi. Acibadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2010; 1:195-208.
  • Gilberstadt ML, Russell JA. Determination of picomole quantities of acetylcholine and choline in physiological salt solutions. Anal Biochem 1984; 138: 78-85.
  • Goldberg AM, McCaman RE. The determination of picomole amounts of acetylcholine in mammalian brain. J Neurochem 1973; 20: 1-8.
  • Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951; 193: 265-275.
  • Raiteri L, Stigliani S, Zedda L, Raiteri M, Bonanno G. Multiple mechanisms of transmitter release evoked by “pathologically” elevated extracellular [K+]: involvement of transporter reversal and mitochondrial calcium. J Neurochem 2002; 80: 706-714.
  • Raiteri L, Zappettini S, Milanese M, Fedele E, , Raiteri M, Bonanno G. Mechanisms of glutamate release elicited in rat cerebrocortical nerve endings by “pathologically” elevated extraterminal K+ concentrations. J Neurochem 2007; 103: 952-961.
  • Wecker L, Cawley G, Rothermal S. Acute choline supplementation in vivo enhances acetylcholine syntheisi in vitro when neurotransmitter release is increased by potassium. J Neurochem 1989; 52; 568-575.
  • Wecker L. The synthesis and release of acetylcholine by depolarized hippocampal slices is increased by increased choline available in vitro prior to stimulation. J Neurochem 1991; 57: 1119-1127.
  • Rauca C, Kammerer E, Matthies H. The infl uence of enhanced K+-concentration on the uptake and acetylation of choline in hippocampus slices of rat. Biomed Biochim Acta 1985; 44: 1621-1631.
  • Maire J-CE, Wurtman RJ. Eff ects of electrical stimulation and choline availability on the release and contents of acetylcholine and choline in superfused slices from rat striatum. J Physiol (Paris) 1985; 80: 189-195.
  • Buyukuysal RL, Wurtman RJ. 4-Aminopyridine increases acetylcholine release without diminishing membrane phosphatidylcholine. J Neurochem 1990; 54: 1302-1309.
  • Farber SA, Savci V, Slack BE, Wurtman RJ. Choline’s phosphorylation in rat striatal slices is regulated by the activity of cholinergic neurons. Brain Res 1996; 723: 90-99.
  • Wurtman RJ. Choline metabolism as a basis fort he selective vulnerability of cholinergic neurons. TINS 1992; 15: 117-122.
  • Klein J, Weichel O, Buhr J, Dvorak C, Löff elholz K. A homeostatic mechanism counteracting K+-evoked choline release in adult brain. J Neurochem 2002; 80: 843-849.

Elektrikle Uyarılmanın ve K+ Depolarizasyonunun Sıçan Striatal Dilimlerinde Asetilkolin ve Kolin Salıverilmesine ve Doku Düzeylerine Etkisi

Year 2011, Issue: 2, 80 - 87, 01.06.2011

İsmail Hakkı Ulus

Abstract

Amaç: Elektrikle ya da yüksek potasyumla uzun süreli uyarılmanın sıçan striatal beyin dilimlerinde asetilkolin ve kolin metabolizmasına etkilerini belirlemek. Yöntemler: Striatal dilimler dinlenme durumunda, elektrikle uyarılarak ya da yüksek potasyumla depolarize edilerek 120-dakika perfüze edildi. Perfüzatta ve dokudaki asetilkolin ve kolin radioenzimatik yöntemle ölçüldü. Bulgular: Dinlenme koşullarındaki dilimlerden ortama 376±20 pmol/mg protein/120 dakika asetilkolin ve 2375±85 pmol/mg protein/120 dakika kolin salıverildi. Uyarılma ile asetilkolin salıverilmesi 5-6 kat artarak elektrikle uyarılmada 2830±174 pmol/mg protein/120 dakika, potasyumla depolarizasyonda ise, 2360±85 pmol/mg protein/120 dakika düzeyine ulaştı. Kolin salıverilmesi elektrikle uyarımda değişmedi. Potasyumla depolarizasyonda ise, kolin çıkışı ilk 20 dakikalık dönemde %50 artmakla p

Keywords

striatal dilimler kolin asetilkolin elektriki uyarılma K+ depolarization

References

  • Li C-L, McIlwain H. Maintenance of resting membrane potentials in slices of mammalian cerebral cortex and other tissues in vitro. J Physiol 1957; 139: 178-190.
  • Dunwiddie T, Mueller A, Basile A. The use of brain slice in central nervous system pharmacology. Fed Proc 1983; 42: 2891-2898.
  • McCormick DA. Refi nements in the in-vitro slice technique and human neuropharmacology. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1990; 11: 53-56.
  • Collingridge GL. The brain slice preparation: a tribute to the pioneer Henry McIlwain. J Neurosci Methods 1995; 59: 5-9.
  • Cho S, Wood A, Bowlby MR. Brain slices as models for neurodegenerative disease and screening platforms to identify novel therapeutics. Current Neuropharmacol 2007; 5: 19-33.
  • Ulus IH, Wurtman RJ. Prevention by choline of the depletion of membrane phosphatidylcholine by a cholinesterase inhibitor. N Eng J Med 1988; 318: 191.
  • Ulus IH, Wurtman RJ, Mauron C, Blusztajn JK. Choline increases acetylcholine release and protects against the stimulation-induced decrease in phosphatide levels within membranes of rat corpus striatum. Brain Res 1989; 484: 217-227.
  • Ulus IH, Buyukuysal RL, Wurtman RJ. N-Methyl-D-Aspartate increases acetylcholine release from rat striatum and cortex: Its eff ect is augmented by choline. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992; 261: 1122-1128.
  • Büyükuysal RL, Ulus IH, Kıran BK. Age-related alterations in pre-synaptic and receptor-mediated cholinergic functions in rat brain. Neurochem Res 1998; 23: 719-726.
  • Ulus IH, Watkins CJ, Cansev M, Wurtman RJ. Cytidine and uridine increase striatal CDP-choline levels without decreasing acetylcholine synthesis or release. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2006; 26: 563-577.
  • Ulus IH. Dopamin reseptör agonisti maddelerin sıçan beyni stiatal dilimlerinde kolin ve asetilkolin salıverilmesine, doku kolin, asetilkolin ve fosfolipid düzeylerine etkisi. Acibadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2010; 1:195-208.
  • Gilberstadt ML, Russell JA. Determination of picomole quantities of acetylcholine and choline in physiological salt solutions. Anal Biochem 1984; 138: 78-85.
  • Goldberg AM, McCaman RE. The determination of picomole amounts of acetylcholine in mammalian brain. J Neurochem 1973; 20: 1-8.
  • Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951; 193: 265-275.
  • Raiteri L, Stigliani S, Zedda L, Raiteri M, Bonanno G. Multiple mechanisms of transmitter release evoked by “pathologically” elevated extracellular [K+]: involvement of transporter reversal and mitochondrial calcium. J Neurochem 2002; 80: 706-714.
  • Raiteri L, Zappettini S, Milanese M, Fedele E, , Raiteri M, Bonanno G. Mechanisms of glutamate release elicited in rat cerebrocortical nerve endings by “pathologically” elevated extraterminal K+ concentrations. J Neurochem 2007; 103: 952-961.
  • Wecker L, Cawley G, Rothermal S. Acute choline supplementation in vivo enhances acetylcholine syntheisi in vitro when neurotransmitter release is increased by potassium. J Neurochem 1989; 52; 568-575.
  • Wecker L. The synthesis and release of acetylcholine by depolarized hippocampal slices is increased by increased choline available in vitro prior to stimulation. J Neurochem 1991; 57: 1119-1127.
  • Rauca C, Kammerer E, Matthies H. The infl uence of enhanced K+-concentration on the uptake and acetylation of choline in hippocampus slices of rat. Biomed Biochim Acta 1985; 44: 1621-1631.
  • Maire J-CE, Wurtman RJ. Eff ects of electrical stimulation and choline availability on the release and contents of acetylcholine and choline in superfused slices from rat striatum. J Physiol (Paris) 1985; 80: 189-195.
  • Buyukuysal RL, Wurtman RJ. 4-Aminopyridine increases acetylcholine release without diminishing membrane phosphatidylcholine. J Neurochem 1990; 54: 1302-1309.
  • Farber SA, Savci V, Slack BE, Wurtman RJ. Choline’s phosphorylation in rat striatal slices is regulated by the activity of cholinergic neurons. Brain Res 1996; 723: 90-99.
  • Wurtman RJ. Choline metabolism as a basis fort he selective vulnerability of cholinergic neurons. TINS 1992; 15: 117-122.
  • Klein J, Weichel O, Buhr J, Dvorak C, Löff elholz K. A homeostatic mechanism counteracting K+-evoked choline release in adult brain. J Neurochem 2002; 80: 843-849.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İsmail Hakkı Ulus

Publication Date June 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011Issue: 2

Cite

EndNote Ulus İH (June 1, 2011) Elektrikle Uyarılmanın ve K+ Depolarizasyonunun Sıçan Striatal Dilimlerinde Asetilkolin ve Kolin Salıverilmesine ve Doku Düzeylerine Etkisi. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2 80–87.