Research Article
Children-Dietary Inflammatory Index and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Children with Overweight and Obesity: Are They Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters?
Abstract
Purpose: This study was planned to assess the relationship between the children’s dietary inflammatory index (cDII), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD), and metabolic control parameters in children with overweight and obesity.
Methods: This cross-sectional was conducted in children with overweight and obesity aged 7-18 years. Sociodemographic, biochemical, dietary, and lifestyle data were collected using a questionnaire. Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) was used to evaluate AMD. Body weight, height, neck, waist, and hip circumference were measured. Dietary intake and cDII were assessed with a three-day food consumption record.
Results: The mean cDII score was 2.2∓0.94 (range from -0.43 to 4.39). Of the total participants, 12% had high and 38.7% had low AMD. There were no significant differences between cDII and biochemical and anthropometric parameters. The proportion of participants with high insulin levels (53.4%) was higher in participants with low AMD group than in those with high AMD (32.6%) (p=0.011). The proportion of participants with insulin resistance was higher in the low AMD group than in the medium/high adherence group (53.4% vs. 37.0%, p=0.047). There was no significant relationship between AMD and lipid profile. Logistic regression analysis showed that participants with low AMD had high insulin levels to be 2.055 times (95% CI= 1.009-4.186. OR=2.055) compared to participants with moderate/high AMD (p=0.047). cDII scores and AMD were not associated with insulin resistance.
Conclusion: This study showed that low AMD was associated with high insulin levels, but cDII was not associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity.
Keywords
Dietary inflammatory index Mediterranean diet childhood obesity cardiometabolic risk factors
Supporting Institution
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) 2209-A Projects Funding Program (Approval number: 1919B012206198).
Project Number
Approval number: 1919B012206198
Thanks
The authors are grateful to the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for providing fund.
References
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- Khan S, Wirth MD, Ortaglia A, et al. Design, development and construct validation of the children’s dietary inflammatory index. Nutrients. 2018; 10:993. doi: 10.3390/nu10080993.
- Pekcan G. Beslenme durumunun saptanması. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınyıcılık.2012.
- Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Ngo J, et al. Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutr. 2004; 7:931-5. doi: 10.1079/phn2004556.
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- Baysal A, Aksoy M, Besler H, et al. Diyet el kitabı. Ankara: Hatipoğlu Baskı 2002; 225-53.
- Tunçer E, Keser A, Ünsal EN, et al. The Correlation Between Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and HOMA-IR in Children and Adolescents. Guncel Pediatri. 2022; 20:188-96
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- Zhang C, Ren W, Li M, et al. Association Between the Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) and Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Among Children and Adolescents: NHANES 2015-2018. Front Nutr. 2022; 9:894966. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.894966.
- Seremet Kurklu N, Karatas Torun N, Ozen Kucukcetin I, et al. Is there a relationship between the dietary inflammatory index and metabolic syndrome among adolescents? J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2020; 33:495-502. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0409.
- Carvalho CA, Silva AAM, Assunção MCF, et al. The dietary inflammatory index and insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome in young adults. Nutrition. 2019; 58:187-93. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.07.014.
- Velázquez-López L, Santiago-Díaz G, Nava-Hernández J, et al. Mediterranean-style diet reduces metabolic syndrome components in obese children and adolescents with obesity. BMC Pediatr. 2014; 14:175. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-175.
- Yurtdaş G, Akbulut G, Baran M, Yılmaz C. The effects of Mediterranean diet on hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Obes. 2022; 17:e12872. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12872.
- Sanz JM, Sergi D, Colombari S, et al. Dietary acid load but not Mediterranean diet adherence score is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular health state: a population observational study from northern Italy. Front Nutr. 2022; 9:828587. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.828587.
- Bakaloudi DR, Chrysoula L, Kotzakioulafi E, et al. Impact of the level of adherence to Mediterranean diet on the parameters of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutrients. 2021; 13:1514. doi: 10.3390/nu13051514.
Year 2023,
Volume: 14 Issue: 4 - Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılına Armağan Sayısı, 621 - 630, 01.10.2023
Abstract
Project Number
Approval number: 1919B012206198
References
- Faienza MF, Chiarito M, Molina-Molina E, et al. Childhood obesity, cardiovascular and liver health: a growing epidemic with age. World J Pediatr. 2020; 16:438-45. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00341-9.
- Mohammadi S, Lotfi K, Mirzaei S, et al. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with Metabolic Health Status in Overweight and Obese Adolescents. Int J Clin Pract. 2022; 2022:9925267. doi: 10.1155/2022/9925267.
- Wang Y, Armijos RX, Weigel M-M. Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiometabolic Risk in Ecuadorian School-Age Children. J Am Nutr Assoc. 2022; 18:1-10. doi: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2113177.
- Buckland G, Northstone K, Emmett PM, et al. The inflammatory potential of the diet in childhood is associated with cardiometabolic risk in adolescence/young adulthood in the ALSPAC birth cohort. Eur J Nutr. 2022; 61:3471-86. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02860-9.
- Wang Y, Armijos RX, Xun P, et al. Dietary inflammatory index and cardiometabolic risk in ecuadorian women. Nutrients. 2021;13:2640. doi: 10.3390/nu13082640.
- Ramón-Arbués E, Martínez-Abadía B, Granada-López JM, et al.Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2020;28:e3295. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.3904.3295.
- Kim RJ, Lopez R, Snair M, Tang A. Mediterranean diet adherence and metabolic syndrome in US adolescents. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2021; 72:537-47. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1840533.
- Shivappa N, Steck SE, Hurley TG, et al. Designing and developing a literature-derived, population-based dietary inflammatory index. Public Health Nutr. 2014; 17:1689-96. doi: 10.1017/S1368980013002115.
- Suhett LG, Ribeiro SAV, Hermsdorff HHM, et al. Dietary inflammatory index scores are associated with atherogenic risk in Brazilian schoolchildren. Public Health Nutr. 2021; 24:6191-200. doi: 10.1017/S1368980021001816.
- Çağiran Yilmaz F, Açık M. Children-Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII), cardiometabolic risk, and inflammation in adolescents: a cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2021;35:155-62. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0280.
- Khan S, Wirth MD, Ortaglia A, et al. Design, development and construct validation of the children’s dietary inflammatory index. Nutrients. 2018; 10:993. doi: 10.3390/nu10080993.
- Pekcan G. Beslenme durumunun saptanması. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınyıcılık.2012.
- Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Ngo J, et al. Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutr. 2004; 7:931-5. doi: 10.1079/phn2004556.
- Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: summary report. Pediatrics. 2011; 128:S213-56.
- Nogay NH. Assessment of the correlation between the atherogenic index of plasma and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: might it be superior to the TG/HDL-C ratio? J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2017;30:947-55. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2016-0479.
- Gülmez R, Demirel F, Emir S. Endocrinologic and metabolic abnormalities and related factors in obese children and adolescents. Turkish J Pediatr Dis. 2015; 2:104-12.
- Baysal A, Aksoy M, Besler H, et al. Diyet el kitabı. Ankara: Hatipoğlu Baskı 2002; 225-53.
- Tunçer E, Keser A, Ünsal EN, et al. The Correlation Between Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and HOMA-IR in Children and Adolescents. Guncel Pediatri. 2022; 20:188-96
- Gholamalizadeh M, Ahmadzadeh M, BourBour F, et al. Associations between the dietary inflammatory index with obesity and body fat in male adolescents. BMC Endocr Disord. 2022; 22:115. doi: 10.1186/s12902-022-01001-x.
- Todendi PF, Salla R, Shivappa N, et al. Association between dietary inflammatory index and cardiometabolic risk factors among Brazilian adolescents: results from a national cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr. 2022; 128:744-52. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521003767.
- Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Rietzschel ER et al. Associations between dietary inflammatory index and inflammatory markers in the Asklepios Study. Br J Nutr. 2015; 113:665-71. doi: 10.1017/S000711451400395X.
- Sami W, Ansari T, Butt NS, et al. Effect of diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2017; 11:65-71.
- Zhang C, Ren W, Li M, et al. Association Between the Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) and Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Among Children and Adolescents: NHANES 2015-2018. Front Nutr. 2022; 9:894966. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.894966.
- Seremet Kurklu N, Karatas Torun N, Ozen Kucukcetin I, et al. Is there a relationship between the dietary inflammatory index and metabolic syndrome among adolescents? J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2020; 33:495-502. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0409.
- Carvalho CA, Silva AAM, Assunção MCF, et al. The dietary inflammatory index and insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome in young adults. Nutrition. 2019; 58:187-93. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.07.014.
- Velázquez-López L, Santiago-Díaz G, Nava-Hernández J, et al. Mediterranean-style diet reduces metabolic syndrome components in obese children and adolescents with obesity. BMC Pediatr. 2014; 14:175. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-175.
- Yurtdaş G, Akbulut G, Baran M, Yılmaz C. The effects of Mediterranean diet on hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Obes. 2022; 17:e12872. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12872.
- Sanz JM, Sergi D, Colombari S, et al. Dietary acid load but not Mediterranean diet adherence score is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular health state: a population observational study from northern Italy. Front Nutr. 2022; 9:828587. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.828587.
- Bakaloudi DR, Chrysoula L, Kotzakioulafi E, et al. Impact of the level of adherence to Mediterranean diet on the parameters of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutrients. 2021; 13:1514. doi: 10.3390/nu13051514.
There are 29 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Services and Systems (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | Approval number: 1919B012206198 |
| Early Pub Date | September 20, 2023 |
| Publication Date | October 1, 2023 |
| Submission Date | August 19, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023Volume: 14 Issue: 4 - Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılına Armağan Sayısı |
