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Evaluation of Vision in Children’s Health Care

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 95 - 100, 27.03.2023

Gökçen Cerrah Gonca Keskindemirci Can Öztürker Gülbin Gökçay

https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.884816

Abstract

Some serious childhood vision problems can be prevented by performing evaluations within the scope of preventive health services. Eye examinations should start in the newborn period. Age-appropriate vision assessment should be performed at all subsequent routine health checks. When eye problems that can be diagnosed and treated early are missed as a result of lack of follow-up, future treatment may be difficult or impossible. Performing eye examinations only once may cause some problems to be missed; this risk can be reduced with repetitive examinations in following years. When any suspicious situation or a significant pathology is detected, the patient should be referred to a pediatric ophthalmologist. The aim of this article is to explain the methods to be followed in child health follow-up and vision assessment.

Keywords

Screening well-child care preventable vision problems

References

  • 1. World Health Organization, World report on vision 2019 (cited 2020.october.08) Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/ publications/i/item/world-report-on-vision google scholar
  • 2. Flaxman SR, Bourne RRA, Resnikoff S, Ackland P, Braithwaite T, Cicinelli M, et al. Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and metaanalysis. The Lancet Global Health 2017;5(12):1221-1234. google scholar
  • 3. World Health Organization, Universal eye health: a global action plan 2014-2019 (cited 2020.october.15) Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/blindness/AP2014_19_English.pdf?ua=1 google scholar
  • 4. World Health Organization Prevention of Blindness and Deafness: Vision 2020- The Global Initiative for the Elimination of Avoidable Blindness Community Eye Health. 1999;12(30):32. google scholar
  • 5. Cetin E, Yaman A, Berk AT. Etiology of childhood blindness in Izmir, Turkey. Eur J Ophthalmol 2004;14(6):531-7. google scholar
  • 6. Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology. Eye examination in infants, children, and young adults by pediatricians. Pediatrics 2003;111:902-7. google scholar
  • 7. Visual System Assessment in Infants, Children, and Young Adults by Pediatricians Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology. Pediatrics 2016:137. google scholar
  • 8. Çocukluk Çağı Görme Taraması Rehberi (cited 2020. october.15) Available from: URL: https://dosyaism.saglik.gov.tr/ Eklenti/50704,ugtp-rehberi-17-08-2018pdf.pdf?0 google scholar
  • 9. Procedures for the Evaluation of the Visual System by Pediatricians: Clinical Report, AAP, AAPOS, AACO, and AAO Hoskins Center for Quality Eye Care Sean P. Donahue, MD, PhD, FAAP, Cynthia N Baker, MD, FAAP, Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2016. google scholar
  • 10. Türkiye Prematüre Retinopatisi Rehberi 2016 (cited 2020. october.15) Available from: URL: http://www.neonatology.org.tr/ wp-content/uploads/2016/12/premature_retinopatisi_rehberi.pdf google scholar
  • 11. Gökçay G, Beyazova U. İlk Beş Yaşta Çocuk Sağlığı İzlemi, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri 2017:25-28. google scholar
  • 12. Varnell H, Friedman NR, Shea C, Jones MD. An Unusual Cause of Neonatal Respiratory Distress. J Perinatol. Journal of perinatology 2003;23(8):688-690. google scholar
  • 13. Zengin N, Zengin MÖ. Doğumsal Nazolakrimal Kanal Tıkanıklığı Tedavisinde Sondalama Yönteminin Etkinliği ve Zamanlaması. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi. 2014;4(2):123-127. google scholar
  • 14. Çağlar Ç, Batur M. Doğumsal Nazolakrimal Kanal Tıkanıklığında Erken ve Geç Yaşlarda Uygulanan Lakrimal Kanal Masajı ve Sondalama Tedavisinin Sonuçları T. Türk Ped Arş 2010;45:359- 65. google scholar
  • 15. Vagge A, Ferro Desideri L, Nucci P, Serafino M, Giannaccare G, Lembo A, et al. Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (CNLDO): A Review. Diseases 2018;6(4):96. google scholar
  • 16. SINGH, Swati Ali, Mohammad Javed. Congenital dacryocystocele: A major review. Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2019;35(4):309-317. google scholar
  • 17. Robert A. Clark, Alex Kozak. Glaucoma, Congenital Or Infantile, American Academy of Ophthalmoloy (cited 2020.october.15) Available from: URL: https://eyewiki.aao.org/Glaucoma,_ Congenital_Or_Infantile google scholar
  • 18. Ocakoğlu Ö. Pediatik Glokomlar; Klinik-Tanı, Glo-Kat 2011;6(Özel Sayı):41-48. google scholar
  • 19. Bell AL, Rodes ME, Kellar LC, Childhood Eye Examination, American Family Physician 2013;88(4):241-249. google scholar
  • 20. Şener C. Çocuk Göz Hastalıkları ve Şaşılık “Soruna Yönelik”, Güneş TIp Kitabevleri: 2009;160-161. google scholar
  • 21. Çekiç Ş, Balcı M, Devecioğlu E, Gökçay G, Gökçay G. Kırmızı yansıma testi ile katarakt saptanan bir süt çocuğu Olgusu, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2014;57:97-101. google scholar
  • 22. Kayıran S, Önal S. Önemli bir tarama testi: Kırmızı Refle testi, İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hast Dergisi 2012;2(2):51-54. google scholar
  • 23. American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Academy of Ophthalmology and American Association of Certified Orthoptists. Red reflex examination in neonates, infants, and children. Pediatrics 2008;122:1401-1404. google scholar
  • 24. Grotta S, D’Elia G, Scavelli R, Genovese S, Surace C, Sirleto P, et al. Advantages of a Next Generation Sequencing Targeted Approach for the Molecular Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma. BMC Cancer 2015;15.1:1-9. google scholar
  • 25. Abramson DH, Schefler AC. Update on Retinoblastoma. Retina 2004;24:828-4. google scholar
  • 26. Abramson DH, Frank CM, Susman M, Whalen MP, Dunkel IJ, Boyd NW 3rd., Presenting Signs of Retinoblastoma. The Journal of Pediatrics 1998;132(3):505-508. google scholar
  • 27. Sun M, Ma A, Li F, Cheng K, Zhang M, Yang H, et al. Sensitivity and Specificity of Red Reflex Testin Newborn Eye Screening. J Pediatr 2016;179:192-196. google scholar
  • 28. WHO Priority Eye Diseases / Childhood Blindness (cited 2020. october.15) Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/blindness/ causes/priority/en/index3.html. google scholar
  • 29. Ağca A, Eltutar K, Doğan M, Altan T, Gürkan S. Konjenital Kataraktlar: Etiyoloji, Hastaya Yaklaşım ve Cerrahi Prosedür, Glo-Kat 2011;6:135-142. google scholar
  • 30. Foster A, Gilbert C, Rahi J. Epidemiology of cataract in childhood: a global perspective. J Cataract Refract Surg 1997;23(Suppl 1):601-604. google scholar
  • 31. Koçak G, Duranoğlu Y. Ambliyopi ve Tedavisi, Turk J Ophthalmol 2014;44:228-36. google scholar
  • 32. Rouse MW, Cooper JS, Cotter SA, Press LJ, Tannen BM. Care of the Patient with Amblyopia, American Optometric Assosiation, Approved by the AOA Board Of Trustees June 29, 1994 Revised October, 1998, Reviewed 2004, p9-10. google scholar
  • 33. Yaşar E. Ambliyopide Son Durum. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi 2017;39:117-121. google scholar
  • 34. Morgan IG, French AN, Ashby RS, Guo X, Ding X, He M. The Epidemics of Myopia: Etiology and Prevention. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 2018;62:134-149. google scholar
  • 35. Wallace DK, Morse CL, Melia M, Sprunger DT, Repka MX, Lee KA. Pediatric Eye Evaluations Preferred Practice Pattern®: I. Vision Screening in the Primary Care and Community Setting; II. Comprehensive Ophthalmic Examination 2018;125(1):184-227. google scholar

Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 95 - 100, 27.03.2023

Gökçen Cerrah Gonca Keskindemirci Can Öztürker Gülbin Gökçay

https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.884816

Abstract

Çocukluk dönemi görme sorunlarının önemli bir bölümü, koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri kapsamında yapılacak değerlendirmelerle önlenebilmektedir. Göz muayenesi yenidoğan döneminden baş-lanmalı ve sonraki tüm rutin sağlık kontrollerinde yaşa uygun görme değerlendirilmesi yapılmalıdır. Erken teşhis edilip tedavi edilebilen göz sorunları takipsizlik sonucu atlandığında ileri dönemlerde tedavinin güç veya olanaksız olduğu durumlar ortaya çıkabilir. Göz muayenelerinin tek sefer yapılması bazı sorunların kaçırılmasına sebep olabilecekken, izlemde tekrarlayan muayenelerle bu risk daha düşük seviyelere indirilebilmektedir. Tespit edilen herhangi bir şüpheli durumda veya belirgin bir patoloji saptandığında çocuk göz hastalıkları uzmanına sevk edilmelidir. Bu makalede, çocuk sağlığı izleminde, görme değerlendirmesinde izlenecek yolların aktarılması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

taramalar sağlam çocuk izlemi önlenebilir görme sorunları

References

  • 1. World Health Organization, World report on vision 2019 (cited 2020.october.08) Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/ publications/i/item/world-report-on-vision google scholar
  • 2. Flaxman SR, Bourne RRA, Resnikoff S, Ackland P, Braithwaite T, Cicinelli M, et al. Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and metaanalysis. The Lancet Global Health 2017;5(12):1221-1234. google scholar
  • 3. World Health Organization, Universal eye health: a global action plan 2014-2019 (cited 2020.october.15) Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/blindness/AP2014_19_English.pdf?ua=1 google scholar
  • 4. World Health Organization Prevention of Blindness and Deafness: Vision 2020- The Global Initiative for the Elimination of Avoidable Blindness Community Eye Health. 1999;12(30):32. google scholar
  • 5. Cetin E, Yaman A, Berk AT. Etiology of childhood blindness in Izmir, Turkey. Eur J Ophthalmol 2004;14(6):531-7. google scholar
  • 6. Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology. Eye examination in infants, children, and young adults by pediatricians. Pediatrics 2003;111:902-7. google scholar
  • 7. Visual System Assessment in Infants, Children, and Young Adults by Pediatricians Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology. Pediatrics 2016:137. google scholar
  • 8. Çocukluk Çağı Görme Taraması Rehberi (cited 2020. october.15) Available from: URL: https://dosyaism.saglik.gov.tr/ Eklenti/50704,ugtp-rehberi-17-08-2018pdf.pdf?0 google scholar
  • 9. Procedures for the Evaluation of the Visual System by Pediatricians: Clinical Report, AAP, AAPOS, AACO, and AAO Hoskins Center for Quality Eye Care Sean P. Donahue, MD, PhD, FAAP, Cynthia N Baker, MD, FAAP, Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on Ophthalmology. American Association of Certified Orthoptists; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2016. google scholar
  • 10. Türkiye Prematüre Retinopatisi Rehberi 2016 (cited 2020. october.15) Available from: URL: http://www.neonatology.org.tr/ wp-content/uploads/2016/12/premature_retinopatisi_rehberi.pdf google scholar
  • 11. Gökçay G, Beyazova U. İlk Beş Yaşta Çocuk Sağlığı İzlemi, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri 2017:25-28. google scholar
  • 12. Varnell H, Friedman NR, Shea C, Jones MD. An Unusual Cause of Neonatal Respiratory Distress. J Perinatol. Journal of perinatology 2003;23(8):688-690. google scholar
  • 13. Zengin N, Zengin MÖ. Doğumsal Nazolakrimal Kanal Tıkanıklığı Tedavisinde Sondalama Yönteminin Etkinliği ve Zamanlaması. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi. 2014;4(2):123-127. google scholar
  • 14. Çağlar Ç, Batur M. Doğumsal Nazolakrimal Kanal Tıkanıklığında Erken ve Geç Yaşlarda Uygulanan Lakrimal Kanal Masajı ve Sondalama Tedavisinin Sonuçları T. Türk Ped Arş 2010;45:359- 65. google scholar
  • 15. Vagge A, Ferro Desideri L, Nucci P, Serafino M, Giannaccare G, Lembo A, et al. Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (CNLDO): A Review. Diseases 2018;6(4):96. google scholar
  • 16. SINGH, Swati Ali, Mohammad Javed. Congenital dacryocystocele: A major review. Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 2019;35(4):309-317. google scholar
  • 17. Robert A. Clark, Alex Kozak. Glaucoma, Congenital Or Infantile, American Academy of Ophthalmoloy (cited 2020.october.15) Available from: URL: https://eyewiki.aao.org/Glaucoma,_ Congenital_Or_Infantile google scholar
  • 18. Ocakoğlu Ö. Pediatik Glokomlar; Klinik-Tanı, Glo-Kat 2011;6(Özel Sayı):41-48. google scholar
  • 19. Bell AL, Rodes ME, Kellar LC, Childhood Eye Examination, American Family Physician 2013;88(4):241-249. google scholar
  • 20. Şener C. Çocuk Göz Hastalıkları ve Şaşılık “Soruna Yönelik”, Güneş TIp Kitabevleri: 2009;160-161. google scholar
  • 21. Çekiç Ş, Balcı M, Devecioğlu E, Gökçay G, Gökçay G. Kırmızı yansıma testi ile katarakt saptanan bir süt çocuğu Olgusu, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2014;57:97-101. google scholar
  • 22. Kayıran S, Önal S. Önemli bir tarama testi: Kırmızı Refle testi, İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hast Dergisi 2012;2(2):51-54. google scholar
  • 23. American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Academy of Ophthalmology and American Association of Certified Orthoptists. Red reflex examination in neonates, infants, and children. Pediatrics 2008;122:1401-1404. google scholar
  • 24. Grotta S, D’Elia G, Scavelli R, Genovese S, Surace C, Sirleto P, et al. Advantages of a Next Generation Sequencing Targeted Approach for the Molecular Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma. BMC Cancer 2015;15.1:1-9. google scholar
  • 25. Abramson DH, Schefler AC. Update on Retinoblastoma. Retina 2004;24:828-4. google scholar
  • 26. Abramson DH, Frank CM, Susman M, Whalen MP, Dunkel IJ, Boyd NW 3rd., Presenting Signs of Retinoblastoma. The Journal of Pediatrics 1998;132(3):505-508. google scholar
  • 27. Sun M, Ma A, Li F, Cheng K, Zhang M, Yang H, et al. Sensitivity and Specificity of Red Reflex Testin Newborn Eye Screening. J Pediatr 2016;179:192-196. google scholar
  • 28. WHO Priority Eye Diseases / Childhood Blindness (cited 2020. october.15) Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/blindness/ causes/priority/en/index3.html. google scholar
  • 29. Ağca A, Eltutar K, Doğan M, Altan T, Gürkan S. Konjenital Kataraktlar: Etiyoloji, Hastaya Yaklaşım ve Cerrahi Prosedür, Glo-Kat 2011;6:135-142. google scholar
  • 30. Foster A, Gilbert C, Rahi J. Epidemiology of cataract in childhood: a global perspective. J Cataract Refract Surg 1997;23(Suppl 1):601-604. google scholar
  • 31. Koçak G, Duranoğlu Y. Ambliyopi ve Tedavisi, Turk J Ophthalmol 2014;44:228-36. google scholar
  • 32. Rouse MW, Cooper JS, Cotter SA, Press LJ, Tannen BM. Care of the Patient with Amblyopia, American Optometric Assosiation, Approved by the AOA Board Of Trustees June 29, 1994 Revised October, 1998, Reviewed 2004, p9-10. google scholar
  • 33. Yaşar E. Ambliyopide Son Durum. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi 2017;39:117-121. google scholar
  • 34. Morgan IG, French AN, Ashby RS, Guo X, Ding X, He M. The Epidemics of Myopia: Etiology and Prevention. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 2018;62:134-149. google scholar
  • 35. Wallace DK, Morse CL, Melia M, Sprunger DT, Repka MX, Lee KA. Pediatric Eye Evaluations Preferred Practice Pattern®: I. Vision Screening in the Primary Care and Community Setting; II. Comprehensive Ophthalmic Examination 2018;125(1):184-227. google scholar
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Paediatrics
Journal Section Review
Authors

Gökçen Cerrah 0000-0002-5423-9549

Gonca Keskindemirci 0000-0003-1797-2802

Can Öztürker This is me 0000-0002-9778-2322

Gülbin Gökçay 0000-0003-1042-0407

Publication Date March 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 23 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Cerrah, G., Keskindemirci, G., Öztürker, C., Gökçay, G. (2023). Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Child, 23(1), 95-100. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.884816
AMA Cerrah G, Keskindemirci G, Öztürker C, Gökçay G. Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Child. March 2023;23(1):95-100. doi:10.26650/jchild.2023.884816
Chicago Cerrah, Gökçen, Gonca Keskindemirci, Can Öztürker, and Gülbin Gökçay. “Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Child 23, no. 1 (March 2023): 95-100. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.884816.
EndNote Cerrah G, Keskindemirci G, Öztürker C, Gökçay G (March 1, 2023) Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Child 23 1 95–100.
IEEE G. Cerrah, G. Keskindemirci, C. Öztürker, and G. Gökçay, “Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi”, Journal of Child, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 95–100, 2023, doi: 10.26650/jchild.2023.884816.
ISNAD Cerrah, Gökçen et al. “Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Child 23/1 (March 2023), 95-100. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2023.884816.
JAMA Cerrah G, Keskindemirci G, Öztürker C, Gökçay G. Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Child. 2023;23:95–100.
MLA Cerrah, Gökçen et al. “Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Child, vol. 23, no. 1, 2023, pp. 95-100, doi:10.26650/jchild.2023.884816.
Vancouver Cerrah G, Keskindemirci G, Öztürker C, Gökçay G. Çocuk Sağlığı İzleminde Görmenin Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Child. 2023;23(1):95-100.
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