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Demographic characteristics related to body posture in early adolescence

Year 2016, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 84 - 89, 01.12.2016

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effects of age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and gender on adolescent posture.

Methods: Five-hundred and thirty-one participants (220 girls and 311 boys) were included in our study. After demographic
data (age, height, weight and BMI) were recorded, posture was assessed by New York Posture Rating Chart (NYPR) which
consist of 13 questions and total posture scores were obtained. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the relationship
between NYPR scores and demographic data. The Independent t test was used to compare NYPR scores of boys and girls


Results: A significant negative correlation was found between postural scores and age, weight and BMI of participants
(p<0.05). There was no significant difference in NYPR postural scores between boys and girls (p=0.167). In intragroup
assessment of girls and boys, there was a significant negative correlation between postural scores and demographic
parameters except BMI for girls (p<0.05) whereas no significant correlation was detected for boys (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Posture becomes worse as the age increases in early adolescence. Gender is not a parameter affecting posture in
this period. The posture of girls is negatively affected from increased demographic measures except BMI whereas posture of
boys is not affected from demographic parameters.

References

  • 1. WHO. The health of young people: A challenge and a promise. Available on http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/41720/1/WHO_TRS_731.pdf
  • 2. Rogol AD, Roemmich JN, Clark PA. Growth at puberty. J Adolesc Health. 2002;31(6):192-200.
  • 3. Sanders MJ, Lewis LM, Quick G, et al. Mosby's Paramedic textbook. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier/Mosby Jems; 2012.
  • 4. Shanmugam C, Maffulli N. Sports injuries in children. Br Med Bull. 2008;86(1):33-57.
  • 5. Rodrigo RM, Vilanova JC, Martel J. Sports injuries in children and adolescents. BerlinSpringer; 2014.
  • 6. Aleixo AA, Guimarães EL, Walsh IAP, et al. Influence of overweight and obesity on posture, overall praxis and balance in school children. Rev Bras Crescimento Desenvolv Hum. 2012;22(2):239-245.
  • 7. Penha PJ, Joao SM, Casarotto RA, et al. Postural assessment of girls between 7 and 10 years of age. Clinics. 2005;60(1):9-16.
  • 8. Widhe T. Spine: posture, mobility and pain. A longitudinal study from childhood to adolescence. Eur Spine J. 2001;10(2):118-23.
  • 9. Dolphens M, Cagnie B, Vleeming A, et al. Gender differences in sagittal standing alignment before pubertal peak growth: The importance of subclassification and implications for spinopelvic loading. J Anat. 2013;223(6):629-40.
  • 10. Johnsson B. Postural faults in school children: A physiotherapeut. Approach. 1983: Lund University.
  • 11. Latalski M, Bylina J, Fatyga M, et al. Risk factors of postural defects in children at school age. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2013; 20(3):583-587.
  • 12. McRoberts LB, Cloud RM, Black CM. Evaluation of the new york posture rating chart for assessing changes in postural alignment in a garment study. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal. 2013;31(2):81-96.
  • 13. Ruivo RM, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita AI. Cervical and shoulder postural assessment of adolescents between 15 and 17 years old and association with upper quadrant pain. Braz J Phys Ther. 2014 July-Aug; 18(4):364-371.
  • 14. Morais T, Bernier M, Turcotte F. Age-and sexspecific prevalence of scoliosis and the value of school screening programs. Am J Public Health. 1985;75(12):1377-1380.
  • 15. Fon GT, Pitt MJ, Thies AC. Thoracic kyphosis: Range in normal subjects. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1980; 134(5):979-83.
  • 16. Willner S, Johnson B. Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis during the growth period in children. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1983;72(6):873-8.
  • 17. Smith AJ, O'Sullivan PB, Beales DJ, et al. Trajectories of childhood body mass index are associated with adolescent sagittal standing posture. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011;6(2-2):97-106.
  • 18. Poussa MS, Heliövaara MM, Seitsamo JT, et al. Development of spinal posture in a cohort of children from the age of 11 to 22 years. Eur Spine J. 2005;14(8):738-742.
  • 19. Dowling A, Steele J, Baur L. Does obesity influence foot structure and plantar pressure patterns in prepubescent children? Int J Obes. 2001;25(6):845-852.
  • 20. Riddiford-Harland D, Steele J, Storlien L. Does obesity influence foot structure in prepubescent children? Int J Obes. 2000;24(5):541-544.
  • 21. Hills AP, Parker AW. Gait characteristics of obese children. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1991;72(6):403-7.
  • 22. Araujo F, Lucas R, Alegrete N, et al. Individual and contextual characteristics as determinants of sagittal standing posture: a population-based study of adults. Spine J. 2014;14(10):2373-2383.
  • 23. Boulay C, Tardieu C, Hecquet J, et al. Sagittal alignment of spine and pelvis regulated by pelvic incidence: Standard values and prediction of lordosis. Eur Spine J. 2006;15(4):415-422.
  • 24. Lang-Tapia M, Espana-Romero V, Anelo J, et al. Differences on spinal curvature in standing position by gender, age and weight status using a noninvasive method. J Appl Biomech. 2011;27(2):143-150.
  • 25. Mellin G, Poussa M. Spinal mobility and posture in 8-year-old to 16-year-old children. J Orthop Res. 1992; 10(2):211-216.
  • 26. Hellsing E, Mcwilliam J, Reigo T, et al. The relationship between craniofacial morphology, head posture and spinal curvature in 8, 11 and 15-year-old children. Eur J Orthod. 1987;9(4):254-264.
  • 27. Lemos AT, Santos FR, Gaya AC. Lumbar hyperlordosis in children and adolescents at a privative school in southern Brazil: Occurrence and associated factors. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(4):781-8.
  • 28. Cho C-Y. Survey of faulty postures and associated factors among Chinese adolescents. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2008;31(3):224-229.
  • 29. Penha PJ, Casarotto RA, Sacco ICN, et al. Qualitative postural analysis among boys and girls of seven to ten years of age. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2008;12(5):386-391.
  • 30. Ruivo RM, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita AI. Cervical and shoulder postural assessment of adolescents between 15 and 17 years old and association with upper quadrant pain. Braz J Phys Ther. 2014;18(4):364-371.
  • 31. Propst-Proctor SL, Bleck EE. Radiographic determination of lordosis and kyphosis in normal and scoliotic children. J Pediatr Orthop. 1983;3(3):344-6.
  • 32. Coelho JJ, Graciosa MD, de Medeiros DL, et al. Influence of flexibility and gender on the posture of school children. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2014;32(3):223-8.
  • 33. Lang-Tapia M, Espana-Romero V, Anelo J, et al. Differences on spinal curvature in standing position by gender, age and weight status using a noninvasive method. J Appl Biomech. 2011;27(2):143-50.
  • 34. Youdas JW, Hollman JH, Krause DA. The effects of gender, age, and body mass index on standing lumbar curvature in persons with out current low back pain. Physiother Theory Pract. 2006;22(5):229-37.
  • 35. Norton BJ, Sahrmann SA, Van Dillen LR. Differences in measurements of lumbar curvature related to gender and low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2004;34(9):524-534.
  • 36. Rogol AD, Clark PA, Roemmich JN. Growth and pubertal development in children and adolescents: Effects of diet and physical activity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2):521-528.
  • 37. Ozgul B, Akalan NE, Kuchimov S, et al. Effects of unilateral backpack carriage on biomechanics of gait in adolescents: a kinematic analysis. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2012;46(4):269-74.
  • 38. Negrini S, Carabalona R. Backpacks on! Schoolchildren's perceptions of load, associations with back pain and factors determining the load. Spine. 2002;27(2):187-195.
  • 39. Silva AM, de Siqueira GR, da Silva GA. Implications of high-heeled shoes on body posture of adolescents. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2013;31(2):265-71

Erken adölesan dönemde demografik özelliklerin vücut postürü ile ilişkisi

Year 2016, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 84 - 89, 01.12.2016

Abstract

Amaç: Yaşın, boy uzunluğunun, vücut ağırlığının, vücut kütle indeksinin ve cinsiyetin adölesan postürü üzerine etkisini
incelemektir.

Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 531 katılımcı (220 kız ve 311 erkek) yer almaktadır. Demografik verilerin (yaş, boy uzunluğu, vücut
ağırlığı ve vücut kütle indeksi (VKİ) alınmasının ardından, postür 13 soruluk New York Postür Skalası (NYPS) ile değerlendirildi
ve total postür skorları elde edildi. Pearson korelasyon testi NYPS skoru ile demografik veriler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemekte
kullanıldı. Bağımsız T testi, kız ve erkek bireylerin NYPS skorlarının karşılaştırılması amacıyla kullanıldı.


Bulgular: Bireylerin postür skorları ile yaş, vücut ağırlığı ve VKİ arasında anlamlı düzeyde negatif bir korelasyon saptandı
(p<0.05). Kızlar ve erkekler arasında NYPS arasında anlamlı düzeyde herhangi bir fark belirlenmedi (p=0.167). Kızlarda
postüral skorlar ile VKİ hariç demografik parametreler arasında negatif korelasyon saptanırken (p<0.05), erkek bireylerde bu
parametreler arasında korelasyon bulunmadı (p>0.05).


Sonuç: Erken adölesan dönemde yaş ilerledikçe postür kötüleşmektedir. Bu dönemde cinsiyet postürü etkileyen bir parametre
olarak görülmemektedir. Erkeklerin postürü demografik parametrelerden etkilenmemekteyken, kızların postürü VKİ hariç
artan demografik değerlerin artışından negatif yönde etkilenmektedir.

References

  • 1. WHO. The health of young people: A challenge and a promise. Available on http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/41720/1/WHO_TRS_731.pdf
  • 2. Rogol AD, Roemmich JN, Clark PA. Growth at puberty. J Adolesc Health. 2002;31(6):192-200.
  • 3. Sanders MJ, Lewis LM, Quick G, et al. Mosby's Paramedic textbook. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier/Mosby Jems; 2012.
  • 4. Shanmugam C, Maffulli N. Sports injuries in children. Br Med Bull. 2008;86(1):33-57.
  • 5. Rodrigo RM, Vilanova JC, Martel J. Sports injuries in children and adolescents. BerlinSpringer; 2014.
  • 6. Aleixo AA, Guimarães EL, Walsh IAP, et al. Influence of overweight and obesity on posture, overall praxis and balance in school children. Rev Bras Crescimento Desenvolv Hum. 2012;22(2):239-245.
  • 7. Penha PJ, Joao SM, Casarotto RA, et al. Postural assessment of girls between 7 and 10 years of age. Clinics. 2005;60(1):9-16.
  • 8. Widhe T. Spine: posture, mobility and pain. A longitudinal study from childhood to adolescence. Eur Spine J. 2001;10(2):118-23.
  • 9. Dolphens M, Cagnie B, Vleeming A, et al. Gender differences in sagittal standing alignment before pubertal peak growth: The importance of subclassification and implications for spinopelvic loading. J Anat. 2013;223(6):629-40.
  • 10. Johnsson B. Postural faults in school children: A physiotherapeut. Approach. 1983: Lund University.
  • 11. Latalski M, Bylina J, Fatyga M, et al. Risk factors of postural defects in children at school age. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2013; 20(3):583-587.
  • 12. McRoberts LB, Cloud RM, Black CM. Evaluation of the new york posture rating chart for assessing changes in postural alignment in a garment study. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal. 2013;31(2):81-96.
  • 13. Ruivo RM, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita AI. Cervical and shoulder postural assessment of adolescents between 15 and 17 years old and association with upper quadrant pain. Braz J Phys Ther. 2014 July-Aug; 18(4):364-371.
  • 14. Morais T, Bernier M, Turcotte F. Age-and sexspecific prevalence of scoliosis and the value of school screening programs. Am J Public Health. 1985;75(12):1377-1380.
  • 15. Fon GT, Pitt MJ, Thies AC. Thoracic kyphosis: Range in normal subjects. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1980; 134(5):979-83.
  • 16. Willner S, Johnson B. Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis during the growth period in children. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1983;72(6):873-8.
  • 17. Smith AJ, O'Sullivan PB, Beales DJ, et al. Trajectories of childhood body mass index are associated with adolescent sagittal standing posture. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011;6(2-2):97-106.
  • 18. Poussa MS, Heliövaara MM, Seitsamo JT, et al. Development of spinal posture in a cohort of children from the age of 11 to 22 years. Eur Spine J. 2005;14(8):738-742.
  • 19. Dowling A, Steele J, Baur L. Does obesity influence foot structure and plantar pressure patterns in prepubescent children? Int J Obes. 2001;25(6):845-852.
  • 20. Riddiford-Harland D, Steele J, Storlien L. Does obesity influence foot structure in prepubescent children? Int J Obes. 2000;24(5):541-544.
  • 21. Hills AP, Parker AW. Gait characteristics of obese children. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1991;72(6):403-7.
  • 22. Araujo F, Lucas R, Alegrete N, et al. Individual and contextual characteristics as determinants of sagittal standing posture: a population-based study of adults. Spine J. 2014;14(10):2373-2383.
  • 23. Boulay C, Tardieu C, Hecquet J, et al. Sagittal alignment of spine and pelvis regulated by pelvic incidence: Standard values and prediction of lordosis. Eur Spine J. 2006;15(4):415-422.
  • 24. Lang-Tapia M, Espana-Romero V, Anelo J, et al. Differences on spinal curvature in standing position by gender, age and weight status using a noninvasive method. J Appl Biomech. 2011;27(2):143-150.
  • 25. Mellin G, Poussa M. Spinal mobility and posture in 8-year-old to 16-year-old children. J Orthop Res. 1992; 10(2):211-216.
  • 26. Hellsing E, Mcwilliam J, Reigo T, et al. The relationship between craniofacial morphology, head posture and spinal curvature in 8, 11 and 15-year-old children. Eur J Orthod. 1987;9(4):254-264.
  • 27. Lemos AT, Santos FR, Gaya AC. Lumbar hyperlordosis in children and adolescents at a privative school in southern Brazil: Occurrence and associated factors. Cad Saude Publica. 2012;28(4):781-8.
  • 28. Cho C-Y. Survey of faulty postures and associated factors among Chinese adolescents. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2008;31(3):224-229.
  • 29. Penha PJ, Casarotto RA, Sacco ICN, et al. Qualitative postural analysis among boys and girls of seven to ten years of age. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2008;12(5):386-391.
  • 30. Ruivo RM, Pezarat-Correia P, Carita AI. Cervical and shoulder postural assessment of adolescents between 15 and 17 years old and association with upper quadrant pain. Braz J Phys Ther. 2014;18(4):364-371.
  • 31. Propst-Proctor SL, Bleck EE. Radiographic determination of lordosis and kyphosis in normal and scoliotic children. J Pediatr Orthop. 1983;3(3):344-6.
  • 32. Coelho JJ, Graciosa MD, de Medeiros DL, et al. Influence of flexibility and gender on the posture of school children. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2014;32(3):223-8.
  • 33. Lang-Tapia M, Espana-Romero V, Anelo J, et al. Differences on spinal curvature in standing position by gender, age and weight status using a noninvasive method. J Appl Biomech. 2011;27(2):143-50.
  • 34. Youdas JW, Hollman JH, Krause DA. The effects of gender, age, and body mass index on standing lumbar curvature in persons with out current low back pain. Physiother Theory Pract. 2006;22(5):229-37.
  • 35. Norton BJ, Sahrmann SA, Van Dillen LR. Differences in measurements of lumbar curvature related to gender and low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2004;34(9):524-534.
  • 36. Rogol AD, Clark PA, Roemmich JN. Growth and pubertal development in children and adolescents: Effects of diet and physical activity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2):521-528.
  • 37. Ozgul B, Akalan NE, Kuchimov S, et al. Effects of unilateral backpack carriage on biomechanics of gait in adolescents: a kinematic analysis. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2012;46(4):269-74.
  • 38. Negrini S, Carabalona R. Backpacks on! Schoolchildren's perceptions of load, associations with back pain and factors determining the load. Spine. 2002;27(2):187-195.
  • 39. Silva AM, de Siqueira GR, da Silva GA. Implications of high-heeled shoes on body posture of adolescents. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2013;31(2):265-71
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İlkşan Demirbüken This is me

Bahar Özgül

Eren Timurtaş This is me

Emir Şahin This is me

Murat Dinçer Çekin This is me

Saadet Ufuk Yurdalan This is me

Mine Gülden Polat This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2016
Submission Date August 5, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Demirbüken İ, Özgül B, Timurtaş E, Şahin E, Çekin MD, Yurdalan SU, Polat MG. Demographic characteristics related to body posture in early adolescence. JETR. 2016;3(3):84-9.