Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Childhood Traumas, Ego Defense Mechanisms And Happiness Levels in Students Of A Medical School

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 34 - 46, 25.04.2023

Abstract

References

  • Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M. (1993). The defense style questionnaire. Journal of Nervous and mental Disease. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199304000-00006
  • Araujo, K., Ryst, E., & Steiner, H. (1999). Adolescent defense style and life stressors. Child psychiatry and human development, 30(1), 19-28.
  • Aykut, B., & Gölge, Z. B. (2019). Çocukluk çaği istismar yaşantilari ile borderline kişilik örgütlenmesi arasindaki ilişkide savunma mekanizmalari ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün etkisi. ICOESS, 67.
  • Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M. (1993). The defense style questionnaire. Journal of Nervous and mental Disease. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199304000-00006
  • Araujo, K., Ryst, E., & Steiner, H. (1999). Adolescent defense style and life stressors. Child psychiatry and human development, 30(1), 19-28.
  • Aykut, B., & Gölge, Z. B. (2019). Çocukluk çaği istismar yaşantilari ile borderline kişilik örgütlenmesi arasindaki ilişkide savunma mekanizmalari ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün etkisi. ICOESS, 67.
  • Bahk, Y.-C., Jang, S.-K., Choi, K.-H., & Lee, S.-H. (2017). The relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation: role of maltreatment and potential mediators. Psychiatry investigation, 14(1), 37. doi:https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2017.14.1.37
  • Bernstein, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., Foote, J., Lovejoy, M., Wenzel, K., . . . Ruggiero, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. The American journal of psychiatry.
  • Catalan, A., Angosto, V., Díaz, A., Valverde, C., de Artaza, M. G., Sesma, E., . . . Bilbao, A. (2017). Relation between psychotic symptoms, parental care and childhood trauma in severe mental disorders. Psychiatry Research, 251, 78-84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.017
  • Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2015). National accounts of subjective well-being. American psychologist, 70(3), 234. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038899 Doğan, T., & Çötek, N. A. (2011). Adaptation of the Short Form of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 4(36), 165-170.
  • Evren, C., Ozcetinkaya, S., Ulku, M., Cagil, D., Gokalp, P., Cetin, T., & Yigiter, S. (2012). Relationship of defense styles with history of childhood trauma and personality in heroin dependent inpatients. Psychiatry Research, 200(2-3), 728-733.
  • Ezer, H. İ. (2017). Ergenlik döneminde yaygın kullanılan savunma mekanizmaları ile psikolojik sağlamlık ve mutluluk düzeyi arasındaki ilişki: Hatay il merkezi örneği. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü,
  • Grassi-Olivera, R., Kristensen, C. H., Brietzke, E., & Coelho, R. (2015). Neurobiology of child maltreatment. In Mental health issues of child maltreatment. Saint Louis: STM Learning.
  • Güneri Yöyen, E. (2017). Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travmaları ile ego savunma mekanizmaları arasındaki ilişki. 3. Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi(53(1)), 34-45. doi:https://doi.org/ 10.15659/3.s
  • Hillis, S., Mercy, J., Amobi, A., & Kress, H. (2016). Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates. Pediatrics, 137(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-4079
  • Infurna, F. J., Rivers, C. T., Reich, J., & Zautra, A. J. (2015). Childhood trauma and personal mastery: Their influence on emotional reactivity to everyday events in a community sample of middle-aged adults. PloS one, 10(4), e0121840. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121840
  • Kaygusuz, E. (2018). Çocukluk çağı travmasının bireylerin psikolojik dayanıklılık ve mutluluk düzeyleri açısından incelenmesi. Üsküdar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological bulletin, 131(6), 803. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803
  • Marshall, M., Shannon, C., Meenagh, C., Mc Corry, N., & Mulholland, C. (2018). The association between childhood trauma, parental bonding and depressive symptoms and interpersonal functioning in depression and bipolar disorder. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 35(1), 23-32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2016.43
  • Mondelli, V., & Dazzan, P. (2019a). Childhood trauma and psychosis: Moving the field forward. Schizophrenia Research, 205. Mondelli, V., & Dazzan, P. (2019b). Childhood trauma and psychosis: Moving the field forward. Schizophrenia Research, 205(21), 34-45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.02.001
  • Nettis, M. A., & Mondelli, V. (2018). Childhood trauma and adulthood immune activation. In Inflammation and immunity in depression (pp. 253-265): Elsevier.
  • Ogle, C. M., Rubin, D. C., & Siegler, I. C. (2013). The impact of the developmental timing of trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms and psychosocial functioning among older adults. Developmental psychology, 49(11), 2191. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031985
  • Romans, S. E., Martin, J. L., Morris, E., & Herbison, G. P. (1999). Psychological defense styles in women who report childhood sexual abuse: A controlled community study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(7), 1080-1085.
  • Sapmaz, F., & Doğan, T. (2012). Mutluluk ve yaşam doyumunun yordayıcısı olarak iyimserlik. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(3), 63-69.
  • Sar, V., Öztürk, E., & Ikikardes, E. (2012). Cocukluk Cagi Ruhsal Travma Ölceginin Türkce Uyarlamasinin Gecerlilik ve Güvenilirligi/Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Türkiye Klinikleri. Tip Bilimleri Dergisi, 32(4), 1054

Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları, Ego Savunma Mekanizmaları ve Mutluluk Düzeyleri

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 34 - 46, 25.04.2023

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between childhood trauma, defense mechanisms and happiness levels in medical school students.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted with the students of medical school of a state university from 1 February and 15 March 2020. The questionnaire prepared to collect research data consisted of socio-demographic form, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), The defense style questionnaire (DSQ-40) and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form.
Results: A poor, positive, significant relationship between participants' immature defense scores and total childhood mental trauma scores (r=0,280; p<0,001). While the sub-dimensions of childhood traumas explain 17.0% of the change in the happiness level score, this explanation rate increases to 32.9% when ego defense styles are added to the model. Conclusion and Suggestions: There was a weak correlation between defense styles and all sub-dimensions of childhood traumas. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent negative experiences in childhood. Children need to be educated so that they can report abuse. We recommend the education of families on parenting and child rearing, and the early identification and rehabilitation of abused children by health systems

References

  • Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M. (1993). The defense style questionnaire. Journal of Nervous and mental Disease. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199304000-00006
  • Araujo, K., Ryst, E., & Steiner, H. (1999). Adolescent defense style and life stressors. Child psychiatry and human development, 30(1), 19-28.
  • Aykut, B., & Gölge, Z. B. (2019). Çocukluk çaği istismar yaşantilari ile borderline kişilik örgütlenmesi arasindaki ilişkide savunma mekanizmalari ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün etkisi. ICOESS, 67.
  • Andrews, G., Singh, M., & Bond, M. (1993). The defense style questionnaire. Journal of Nervous and mental Disease. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199304000-00006
  • Araujo, K., Ryst, E., & Steiner, H. (1999). Adolescent defense style and life stressors. Child psychiatry and human development, 30(1), 19-28.
  • Aykut, B., & Gölge, Z. B. (2019). Çocukluk çaği istismar yaşantilari ile borderline kişilik örgütlenmesi arasindaki ilişkide savunma mekanizmalari ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün etkisi. ICOESS, 67.
  • Bahk, Y.-C., Jang, S.-K., Choi, K.-H., & Lee, S.-H. (2017). The relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation: role of maltreatment and potential mediators. Psychiatry investigation, 14(1), 37. doi:https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2017.14.1.37
  • Bernstein, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., Foote, J., Lovejoy, M., Wenzel, K., . . . Ruggiero, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. The American journal of psychiatry.
  • Catalan, A., Angosto, V., Díaz, A., Valverde, C., de Artaza, M. G., Sesma, E., . . . Bilbao, A. (2017). Relation between psychotic symptoms, parental care and childhood trauma in severe mental disorders. Psychiatry Research, 251, 78-84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.017
  • Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2015). National accounts of subjective well-being. American psychologist, 70(3), 234. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038899 Doğan, T., & Çötek, N. A. (2011). Adaptation of the Short Form of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 4(36), 165-170.
  • Evren, C., Ozcetinkaya, S., Ulku, M., Cagil, D., Gokalp, P., Cetin, T., & Yigiter, S. (2012). Relationship of defense styles with history of childhood trauma and personality in heroin dependent inpatients. Psychiatry Research, 200(2-3), 728-733.
  • Ezer, H. İ. (2017). Ergenlik döneminde yaygın kullanılan savunma mekanizmaları ile psikolojik sağlamlık ve mutluluk düzeyi arasındaki ilişki: Hatay il merkezi örneği. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü,
  • Grassi-Olivera, R., Kristensen, C. H., Brietzke, E., & Coelho, R. (2015). Neurobiology of child maltreatment. In Mental health issues of child maltreatment. Saint Louis: STM Learning.
  • Güneri Yöyen, E. (2017). Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travmaları ile ego savunma mekanizmaları arasındaki ilişki. 3. Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi(53(1)), 34-45. doi:https://doi.org/ 10.15659/3.s
  • Hillis, S., Mercy, J., Amobi, A., & Kress, H. (2016). Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates. Pediatrics, 137(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-4079
  • Infurna, F. J., Rivers, C. T., Reich, J., & Zautra, A. J. (2015). Childhood trauma and personal mastery: Their influence on emotional reactivity to everyday events in a community sample of middle-aged adults. PloS one, 10(4), e0121840. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121840
  • Kaygusuz, E. (2018). Çocukluk çağı travmasının bireylerin psikolojik dayanıklılık ve mutluluk düzeyleri açısından incelenmesi. Üsküdar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological bulletin, 131(6), 803. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803
  • Marshall, M., Shannon, C., Meenagh, C., Mc Corry, N., & Mulholland, C. (2018). The association between childhood trauma, parental bonding and depressive symptoms and interpersonal functioning in depression and bipolar disorder. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 35(1), 23-32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2016.43
  • Mondelli, V., & Dazzan, P. (2019a). Childhood trauma and psychosis: Moving the field forward. Schizophrenia Research, 205. Mondelli, V., & Dazzan, P. (2019b). Childhood trauma and psychosis: Moving the field forward. Schizophrenia Research, 205(21), 34-45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.02.001
  • Nettis, M. A., & Mondelli, V. (2018). Childhood trauma and adulthood immune activation. In Inflammation and immunity in depression (pp. 253-265): Elsevier.
  • Ogle, C. M., Rubin, D. C., & Siegler, I. C. (2013). The impact of the developmental timing of trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms and psychosocial functioning among older adults. Developmental psychology, 49(11), 2191. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031985
  • Romans, S. E., Martin, J. L., Morris, E., & Herbison, G. P. (1999). Psychological defense styles in women who report childhood sexual abuse: A controlled community study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(7), 1080-1085.
  • Sapmaz, F., & Doğan, T. (2012). Mutluluk ve yaşam doyumunun yordayıcısı olarak iyimserlik. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(3), 63-69.
  • Sar, V., Öztürk, E., & Ikikardes, E. (2012). Cocukluk Cagi Ruhsal Travma Ölceginin Türkce Uyarlamasinin Gecerlilik ve Güvenilirligi/Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Türkiye Klinikleri. Tip Bilimleri Dergisi, 32(4), 1054
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ömer Acat 0000-0002-8239-4896

Kemal Macit Hisar 0000-0002-9306-119X

Publication Date April 25, 2023
Submission Date June 25, 2022
Acceptance Date August 25, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Acat, Ö., & Hisar, K. M. (2023). Childhood Traumas, Ego Defense Mechanisms And Happiness Levels in Students Of A Medical School. Genel Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 34-46.


                                                Journal of General Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).