Lynch sendromunda profilaktik cerrahi: Ne zaman ve nasıl?– Güncel yaklaşımlar ve literatür derlemesi

Emrah Akın; Uğur Can Dülger; Fatih Altıntoprak

Review

Lynch sendromunda profilaktik cerrahi: Ne zaman ve nasıl?– Güncel yaklaşımlar ve literatür derlemesi

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 37 - 44, 30.04.2021

Emrah Akın Uğur Can Dülger Fatih Altıntoprak

Abstract

Lynch sendromu; kolorektal kansere dönüşen soliter adenomlar ve ekstra-kolonik manifestasyonlarla karakterize, otozomal dominant kalıtımlı bir kanser predispozan sendromdur. Sendromun tanısı klinik bulgular, patolojik özellikler, aile öyküsü ve genetik testler ile koyulabilir. Lynch Sendromu riski altında olan bireylerde tarama çalışmalarına 20’ li yaşlardan itibaren başlanmalı, mutasyon pozitif taşıyıcılarında yıllık olarak devam edilmeli ve belli şartların varlığında da da profilaktik cerrahi gündeme alınmalıdır.

Keywords

LYNCH sendromu, Herediter polipozis sendromu, Profilaktik cerrahi

References

1. Boland CR, Lynch HT. The history of Lynch syndrome. Fam Cancer. 2013;12(2):145-57. Doi: 10.1007/s10689-013-9637-8.
2. Groden J, Thliveris A, Samowitz W, Carlson M, Gelbert L, Albertsen H, et al. Identification and characterization of the familial adenomatous polyposis coli gene. Cell. 1991;66(3):589–600. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90021-0.
3. Lynch HT, Snyder CL, Shaw TG, Heinen CD, Hitchins MP. Milestones of Lynch syndrome: 1895-2015. Nat Rev Cancer. 2015;15(3):181-94. doi: 10.1038/nrc3878.
4. Jass J, Stewart S, Stewart J, Lane MR. Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer--morphologies, genes and mutations. Mutat Res. 1994;310(1):125–33. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(94)90016-7.
5. Lynch HT, de la Chapelle A. Hereditary colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(10):919-32. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra012242.
6. Win AK, Young JP, Lindor NM, Tucker MK, Ahnen DJ, Young GP,et al. Colorectal and other cancer risks for carriers and noncarriers from families with a DNA mismatch repair gene mutation: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Oncol 2012;30(9):958-64. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.39.5590.
7. Guillem JG, Smith AJ, Calle JP, Ruo L. Gastrointestinal polyposis syndromes. Curr Probl Surg. 1999;36(4):217-323. doi: 10.1016/s0011-3840(99)80013-6.
8. Goodenberger ML, Thomas BC, Riegert-Johnson D, Boland CR, Plon SE, Clendenning M, et al. PMS2 monoallelic mutation carriers: the known unknown. Genet Med. 2016;18(1):13-9. doi: 10.1038/gim.2015.27
9. de Rosa N, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Chang GJ, Veerapong J, Borras E, Krishnan S,et al. DNA Mismatch Repair Deficiency in Rectal Cancer: Benchmarking Its Impact on Prognosis, Neoadjuvant Response Prediction, and Clinical Cancer Genetics. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(25):3039-46.
10. Kastrinos F, Stoffel EM. History, genetics, and strategies for cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;12(5):715-27; quiz e41-3.
11. Brixen LM, Bernstein IT, Bulow S, Ehrnrooth E. Survival of patients with Stage III colon cancer is improved in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer compared with sporadic cases. A Danish registry based study. Colorectal Dis. 2013;15(7):816-23.
12. Yang Y, Nancy YY. Comprehensive clinical genetics care for patients with inherited colorectal cancer associated with Lynch syndrome: Western and Asian perspectives. Chin Clin Oncol. 2018;7(1):9. doi: 10.21037/cco.2018.01.06
13. Fitzgibbons RJ Jr, Lynch HT, Stanislav GV, Watson PA, Lanspa SJ, Marcus JN, et al. Recognition and treatment of patients with he- reditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (Lynch syndromes I and II). Ann Surg. 1987;206(3):289-95.
14. Stoffel EM, Mangu PB, Gruber SB, Hamilton SR, Kalady MF, Lau MWY, et al. Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline endorsement of the familial risk-colorectal cancer: European Society for Medical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(2):209-17.
15. Giardiello FM, Allen JI, Axilbund JE, Boland CR, Burke CA, Burt RW,et al. Guidelines on genetic evaluation and management of Lynch syndrome: a consensus statement by the US Multi-society Task Force on colorectal cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2014;109(8):1159-79.
16. Douglas JA, Gruber SB, Meister KA, Bonner J, Watson P, Krush AJ, et al. History and molecular genetics of Lynch syndrome in family G: a century later. JAMA 2005;294(17):2195-202.
17. Vasen HF, Watson P, Mecklin JP, Lynch HT, et al. New clinical criteria for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC, Lynch syndrome) proposed by the International Collaborative group on HNPCC. Gastroenterology 1999;116(6):1453-6.
18. Guinney J, Dienstmann R, Wang X, Reynies A, Schlicker A, Soneson C, et al. The consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer. Nat Med. 2015;21(11):1350-6.
19. Pawlik TM, Raut CP, Rodriguez-Bigas MA. Colorectal carcinogenesis: MSI-H versus MSI-L. Dis Markers 2004;20(4-5):199-206.
20. Shia J, Klimstra DS, Nafa K, Offit K, Guillem JG, Markowitz AJ, et al. Value of immunohistochemical detection of DNA mismatch repair proteins in predicting germline mutation in hereditary colorectal neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29(1):96-104.
21.De Jong AE, van Puijenbroek M, Hendriks Y, Tops C, Wijnen J, Ausems MGEM, et al. Microsatellite instability, immunohistochemis- try, and additional PMS2 staining in suspected he- reditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res.2004;10(3):972-80.
22. Lindor NM, Burgart LJ, Leontovich O, Goldberg RM, Cunningham JM, Sargent DJ, et al. Immunohistochemistry versus microsatellite insta- bility testing in phenotyping colorectal tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(4):1043-8.
23. Aaltonen LA, Salovaara R, Kristo P, Canzian F, Hemminki A, Peltomaki P, et al. Incidence of hereditary nonpoly- posis colorectal cancer and the feasibility of molecular screening for the disease. N Engl J Med 1998;338(21):1481–7.
24. Liu B, Parsons RE, Hamilton SR, Petersen GM, Lynch HT, Watson P, et al. hMSH2 mutations in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer kindreds. Cancer Res 1994;54(17):4590–4.
25. José G. Guillem, William C. Wood, Jeffrey F. Moley, Andrew Berchuck, Beth Y. Karlan, David G. Mutch, et al. ASCO/SSO Review of Current Role of Risk-Reducing Surgery in Common Hereditary Cancer Syndromes. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(28);4642-60. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.04.5260
26. Umar A, Boland CR, Terdiman JP, Syngal S, Chapelle A, Rüschoff J, et al. Revised Bethesda Guidelines for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome) and microsatellite instability. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96(4):261-8.
27. Green RC, Parfrey PS, Woods MO, Younghsuband HB, et al. Prediction of Lynch syndrome in consecutive patients with colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101(5):331-40.
28. Kastrinos F, Allen JI, Stockwell DH, Stoffel EM, Cook EF, Mutinga ML, et al. Development and validation of a colon cancer risk assessment tool for patients undergoing colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104(6):1508-18.
29. Monzon JG, Cremin C, Armstrong L, Nuk J, Young S, Horsman DE, Garbutt K, et al. Validation of predictive models for germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2010;126(4):930-9.
30. Järvinen HJ, Renkonen-Sinisalo L, Aktán-Collán K, Peltomaki P, aaltonen LA, Mecklin JP. Ten years after mutation testing for Lynch syndrome: cancer incidence and outcome in mutation-positive and mutation-negative family members. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(28):4793–7.
31. Syngal S, Brand R, Church JM, Giardiello FM, Hampel HL, Burt RW, et al. ACG Clinical Guideline: Genetic Testing and Management of Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Syndromes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110(2):223-62.
32. Edelstein DL, Axilbund J, Baxter M, Hylind LM, Romans K, Griffin CA, et al. Rapid development of colorectal neoplasia in patients with Lynch syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;9(4):340–3.
33. Geisler DP, Condon ET, Remzi FH. Single incision laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with ileopouch anal anastomosis. Colorectal Dis. 2010;12(9);941-3.
34. Church JM. Controversies in the surgery of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and Lynch syndrome. Fam Cancer. 2016;15(3):447–51.
35. Lynch HT. Is there a role for prophylactic subtotal colectomy among hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer germline mutation carriers? Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39(3):109-10.
36. Church J, Burke C, McGannon E, Pastean O, Clark B. Risk of rectal cancer in patients after colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for familial adenomatous pol- yposis: A function of available surgical options. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003;4689):1175-81.
37. de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel W, Nagengast FM, Griffioen G, Menko FH, TaalBG, Kleibeuker JH, et al. Surveillance for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer: a long-term study of 114 families. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002;45812):1588–94.
38. Baglietto L, Lindor NM, Dowty JG, White DM, Wagner A, Garcia EBG, et al. Risks of Lynch syndrome cancers for MSH6 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102(3):193–201.
39. Parry S, Win AK, Parry B, Macrae FA, Gurrin LC, Church JM, et al. Metachronous colorectal cancer risk for mismatch repair gene mutation carriers: the advantage of more extensive colon surgery. Gut. 2011;60(7):950–7.
40. Yang KY, Caughey AB, Little SE, cheung MK, Chen LM. A cost-effectiveness analysis of prophylactic surgery versus gynecologic surveillance for women from he- reditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) Families. Fam Cancer. 2011;1083):535–43.
41. Kwon J, Sun C, Peterson S, White KG, Daniels MS, Boyd-Rogers S, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of prevention strategies for gynecologic cancers in Lynch syndrome. Cancer. 2008;11382):326–35.
42. de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel WH, Buskens E, van Duijvendijk P, Cats A, Menko FH, Griffioen G, et al. Decision analysis in the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer due to a mismatch gene defect. Gut. 2003;52(12):1752-5.
43. Lynch HT, Lynch JF, Fitzgibbons R Jr: Role of prophylactic colectomy in Lynch syndrome. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2003;3(2):99-101.
44. You YN, Chua HK, Nelson H, Hassan I, Barnes SA, Harrington J. Segmental vs. extended colectomy: measurable differences in morbidity, function, and quality of life. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51(7):1036-43.
45. You YN, Vilar E. Classifying. MMR variants: time for revised nomenclature in Lynch syndrome. Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(9):2280-2.
46. Kiran RP, El-Gazzaz G, Remzi FH, Church JM, Lavery IC, Hammel J, et al. Influence of age at ileoanal pouch creation on long-term changes in functional outcomes. Colorectal Dis 2011;13(2):184-90.
47. Haanstra JF, de Vos Tot Nederveen Cappel WH, Gopie JP, Vecht J, Vanhoutvin SALW, Cats A, et al. Quality of life after surgery for colon cancer in patients with Lynch syndrome: partial versus subtotal colectomy. Dis Colon Rectum. 2012;55(6):653-9.
48. Lindor NM, Rabe K, Petersen GM, Haile R, Casey G, Baron J, et al: Lower incidence in Amsterdam-I criteria families without mismatch repair deficiency: Familial colo- rectal cancer type X. JAMA. 2005;293(16):1979-85.
49. Mueller-Koch Y, Vogelsang H, Kopp R, Lohse P, Keller G, Aust D, et al. Hereditary non-pol- yposis colorectal cancer: clinical and molecu- lar evidence for a new entity of hereditary colorectal cancer. Gut. 2005;54(12):1733–40.
50. Hatfield E, Green JS, Woods MO, Warden G, Parfrey PS. Impact of colonoscopic screening in Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2018;6(6):1021–30.

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 37 - 44, 30.04.2021

Emrah Akın Uğur Can Dülger Fatih Altıntoprak

Abstract

References

1. Boland CR, Lynch HT. The history of Lynch syndrome. Fam Cancer. 2013;12(2):145-57. Doi: 10.1007/s10689-013-9637-8.
2. Groden J, Thliveris A, Samowitz W, Carlson M, Gelbert L, Albertsen H, et al. Identification and characterization of the familial adenomatous polyposis coli gene. Cell. 1991;66(3):589–600. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90021-0.
3. Lynch HT, Snyder CL, Shaw TG, Heinen CD, Hitchins MP. Milestones of Lynch syndrome: 1895-2015. Nat Rev Cancer. 2015;15(3):181-94. doi: 10.1038/nrc3878.
4. Jass J, Stewart S, Stewart J, Lane MR. Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer--morphologies, genes and mutations. Mutat Res. 1994;310(1):125–33. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(94)90016-7.
5. Lynch HT, de la Chapelle A. Hereditary colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(10):919-32. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra012242.
6. Win AK, Young JP, Lindor NM, Tucker MK, Ahnen DJ, Young GP,et al. Colorectal and other cancer risks for carriers and noncarriers from families with a DNA mismatch repair gene mutation: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Oncol 2012;30(9):958-64. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.39.5590.
7. Guillem JG, Smith AJ, Calle JP, Ruo L. Gastrointestinal polyposis syndromes. Curr Probl Surg. 1999;36(4):217-323. doi: 10.1016/s0011-3840(99)80013-6.
8. Goodenberger ML, Thomas BC, Riegert-Johnson D, Boland CR, Plon SE, Clendenning M, et al. PMS2 monoallelic mutation carriers: the known unknown. Genet Med. 2016;18(1):13-9. doi: 10.1038/gim.2015.27
9. de Rosa N, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Chang GJ, Veerapong J, Borras E, Krishnan S,et al. DNA Mismatch Repair Deficiency in Rectal Cancer: Benchmarking Its Impact on Prognosis, Neoadjuvant Response Prediction, and Clinical Cancer Genetics. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(25):3039-46.
10. Kastrinos F, Stoffel EM. History, genetics, and strategies for cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;12(5):715-27; quiz e41-3.
11. Brixen LM, Bernstein IT, Bulow S, Ehrnrooth E. Survival of patients with Stage III colon cancer is improved in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer compared with sporadic cases. A Danish registry based study. Colorectal Dis. 2013;15(7):816-23.
12. Yang Y, Nancy YY. Comprehensive clinical genetics care for patients with inherited colorectal cancer associated with Lynch syndrome: Western and Asian perspectives. Chin Clin Oncol. 2018;7(1):9. doi: 10.21037/cco.2018.01.06
13. Fitzgibbons RJ Jr, Lynch HT, Stanislav GV, Watson PA, Lanspa SJ, Marcus JN, et al. Recognition and treatment of patients with he- reditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (Lynch syndromes I and II). Ann Surg. 1987;206(3):289-95.
14. Stoffel EM, Mangu PB, Gruber SB, Hamilton SR, Kalady MF, Lau MWY, et al. Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline endorsement of the familial risk-colorectal cancer: European Society for Medical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(2):209-17.
15. Giardiello FM, Allen JI, Axilbund JE, Boland CR, Burke CA, Burt RW,et al. Guidelines on genetic evaluation and management of Lynch syndrome: a consensus statement by the US Multi-society Task Force on colorectal cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2014;109(8):1159-79.
16. Douglas JA, Gruber SB, Meister KA, Bonner J, Watson P, Krush AJ, et al. History and molecular genetics of Lynch syndrome in family G: a century later. JAMA 2005;294(17):2195-202.
17. Vasen HF, Watson P, Mecklin JP, Lynch HT, et al. New clinical criteria for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC, Lynch syndrome) proposed by the International Collaborative group on HNPCC. Gastroenterology 1999;116(6):1453-6.
18. Guinney J, Dienstmann R, Wang X, Reynies A, Schlicker A, Soneson C, et al. The consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer. Nat Med. 2015;21(11):1350-6.
19. Pawlik TM, Raut CP, Rodriguez-Bigas MA. Colorectal carcinogenesis: MSI-H versus MSI-L. Dis Markers 2004;20(4-5):199-206.
20. Shia J, Klimstra DS, Nafa K, Offit K, Guillem JG, Markowitz AJ, et al. Value of immunohistochemical detection of DNA mismatch repair proteins in predicting germline mutation in hereditary colorectal neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29(1):96-104.
21.De Jong AE, van Puijenbroek M, Hendriks Y, Tops C, Wijnen J, Ausems MGEM, et al. Microsatellite instability, immunohistochemis- try, and additional PMS2 staining in suspected he- reditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res.2004;10(3):972-80.
22. Lindor NM, Burgart LJ, Leontovich O, Goldberg RM, Cunningham JM, Sargent DJ, et al. Immunohistochemistry versus microsatellite insta- bility testing in phenotyping colorectal tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(4):1043-8.
23. Aaltonen LA, Salovaara R, Kristo P, Canzian F, Hemminki A, Peltomaki P, et al. Incidence of hereditary nonpoly- posis colorectal cancer and the feasibility of molecular screening for the disease. N Engl J Med 1998;338(21):1481–7.
24. Liu B, Parsons RE, Hamilton SR, Petersen GM, Lynch HT, Watson P, et al. hMSH2 mutations in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer kindreds. Cancer Res 1994;54(17):4590–4.
25. José G. Guillem, William C. Wood, Jeffrey F. Moley, Andrew Berchuck, Beth Y. Karlan, David G. Mutch, et al. ASCO/SSO Review of Current Role of Risk-Reducing Surgery in Common Hereditary Cancer Syndromes. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(28);4642-60. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.04.5260
26. Umar A, Boland CR, Terdiman JP, Syngal S, Chapelle A, Rüschoff J, et al. Revised Bethesda Guidelines for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome) and microsatellite instability. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96(4):261-8.
27. Green RC, Parfrey PS, Woods MO, Younghsuband HB, et al. Prediction of Lynch syndrome in consecutive patients with colorectal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009;101(5):331-40.
28. Kastrinos F, Allen JI, Stockwell DH, Stoffel EM, Cook EF, Mutinga ML, et al. Development and validation of a colon cancer risk assessment tool for patients undergoing colonoscopy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009;104(6):1508-18.
29. Monzon JG, Cremin C, Armstrong L, Nuk J, Young S, Horsman DE, Garbutt K, et al. Validation of predictive models for germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2010;126(4):930-9.
30. Järvinen HJ, Renkonen-Sinisalo L, Aktán-Collán K, Peltomaki P, aaltonen LA, Mecklin JP. Ten years after mutation testing for Lynch syndrome: cancer incidence and outcome in mutation-positive and mutation-negative family members. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(28):4793–7.
31. Syngal S, Brand R, Church JM, Giardiello FM, Hampel HL, Burt RW, et al. ACG Clinical Guideline: Genetic Testing and Management of Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Syndromes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110(2):223-62.
32. Edelstein DL, Axilbund J, Baxter M, Hylind LM, Romans K, Griffin CA, et al. Rapid development of colorectal neoplasia in patients with Lynch syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;9(4):340–3.
33. Geisler DP, Condon ET, Remzi FH. Single incision laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with ileopouch anal anastomosis. Colorectal Dis. 2010;12(9);941-3.
34. Church JM. Controversies in the surgery of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and Lynch syndrome. Fam Cancer. 2016;15(3):447–51.
35. Lynch HT. Is there a role for prophylactic subtotal colectomy among hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer germline mutation carriers? Dis Colon Rectum 1996;39(3):109-10.
36. Church J, Burke C, McGannon E, Pastean O, Clark B. Risk of rectal cancer in patients after colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for familial adenomatous pol- yposis: A function of available surgical options. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003;4689):1175-81.
37. de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel W, Nagengast FM, Griffioen G, Menko FH, TaalBG, Kleibeuker JH, et al. Surveillance for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer: a long-term study of 114 families. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002;45812):1588–94.
38. Baglietto L, Lindor NM, Dowty JG, White DM, Wagner A, Garcia EBG, et al. Risks of Lynch syndrome cancers for MSH6 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102(3):193–201.
39. Parry S, Win AK, Parry B, Macrae FA, Gurrin LC, Church JM, et al. Metachronous colorectal cancer risk for mismatch repair gene mutation carriers: the advantage of more extensive colon surgery. Gut. 2011;60(7):950–7.
40. Yang KY, Caughey AB, Little SE, cheung MK, Chen LM. A cost-effectiveness analysis of prophylactic surgery versus gynecologic surveillance for women from he- reditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) Families. Fam Cancer. 2011;1083):535–43.
41. Kwon J, Sun C, Peterson S, White KG, Daniels MS, Boyd-Rogers S, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of prevention strategies for gynecologic cancers in Lynch syndrome. Cancer. 2008;11382):326–35.
42. de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel WH, Buskens E, van Duijvendijk P, Cats A, Menko FH, Griffioen G, et al. Decision analysis in the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer due to a mismatch gene defect. Gut. 2003;52(12):1752-5.
43. Lynch HT, Lynch JF, Fitzgibbons R Jr: Role of prophylactic colectomy in Lynch syndrome. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2003;3(2):99-101.
44. You YN, Chua HK, Nelson H, Hassan I, Barnes SA, Harrington J. Segmental vs. extended colectomy: measurable differences in morbidity, function, and quality of life. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51(7):1036-43.
45. You YN, Vilar E. Classifying. MMR variants: time for revised nomenclature in Lynch syndrome. Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(9):2280-2.
46. Kiran RP, El-Gazzaz G, Remzi FH, Church JM, Lavery IC, Hammel J, et al. Influence of age at ileoanal pouch creation on long-term changes in functional outcomes. Colorectal Dis 2011;13(2):184-90.
47. Haanstra JF, de Vos Tot Nederveen Cappel WH, Gopie JP, Vecht J, Vanhoutvin SALW, Cats A, et al. Quality of life after surgery for colon cancer in patients with Lynch syndrome: partial versus subtotal colectomy. Dis Colon Rectum. 2012;55(6):653-9.
48. Lindor NM, Rabe K, Petersen GM, Haile R, Casey G, Baron J, et al: Lower incidence in Amsterdam-I criteria families without mismatch repair deficiency: Familial colo- rectal cancer type X. JAMA. 2005;293(16):1979-85.
49. Mueller-Koch Y, Vogelsang H, Kopp R, Lohse P, Keller G, Aust D, et al. Hereditary non-pol- yposis colorectal cancer: clinical and molecu- lar evidence for a new entity of hereditary colorectal cancer. Gut. 2005;54(12):1733–40.
50. Hatfield E, Green JS, Woods MO, Warden G, Parfrey PS. Impact of colonoscopic screening in Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2018;6(6):1021–30.

There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Surgery
Journal Section	Reviews
Authors	Emrah Akın 0000-0003-0224-3834 Uğur Can Dülger 0000-0001-5476-715X Fatih Altıntoprak 0000-0002-3939-8293
Publication Date	April 30, 2021
Acceptance Date	March 5, 2021
Published in Issue	Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Akın, E., Dülger, U. C., & Altıntoprak, F. (2021). Lynch sendromunda profilaktik cerrahi: Ne zaman ve nasıl?– Güncel yaklaşımlar ve literatür derlemesi. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 4(1), 37-44.

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