Research Article
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Investigation of depression and agoraphobia as psychiatric comorbidity in epileptic patients

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 67 - 70, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.35514/mtd.2021.32

Abstract

Aim: Psychiatric comorbidity in epileptic patients is quite frequent. Our study was designed to investigate depression, anxiety, social phobia, agoraphobia in cases of epilepsy.
Materials and Methods: A total of 150 epileptic patients and 70 controls were ran-domly enrolled to study. Beck depression inventory (BDI), Liebowitz social phobia scale (LSPS) and Panic agoraphobia scale (PAS) were applied to groups.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 34±10 years, the number of male-female was 56/94, whereas the control group’s mean age was 33±10 years, number of male-female was 29/41. The duration of disease was more than 10 years in 44.7% of pa-tients and 60.67% was treated with monotherapy.
In the patient group, BDI was found to be 15.18 ± 12.25 and 10.87 ± 9.06 in the control group (p = 0.0038). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of LSPS. When the groups were evaluated according to PAS, agoraphobia findings were found in 29.33% of the patients and 24% of the control group (p = 0.002). The rate of agoraphobia was found to be 84% in females in the patient group.
Conclusion: Depression and agoraphobia were more common in epileptic patients than in the control group, and the rate of agoraphobia was higher in women.

References

  • 1. Guekht AB, Mitrokhina TV, Lebedeva AV, Dzugaeva FK, Milchakova LE, Lokshina OB et al. Factors influencing on quality of life in people with epilepsy. Seizure 2007;16:128-33. DOI:10.1016/j.seizure.2006.10.011
  • 2. Loring DW, Meador KJ, Lee GP. Determinants of quality of life in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2004;5:976-80. DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2004.08.019
  • 3. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71. DOI:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
  • 4. Soykan C, Ozgüven HD, Gençöz T. Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale: the Turkish version. Psychol Rep 2003;93:1059-69. DOI:10.2466/pr0.2003.93.3f.1059
  • 5. Tural U, Fidane H, Alkin T, Bandelow B. Assessing the severity of panic disorder and agoraphobia: Validity, reliability and objectivity of the Turkish translation of the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale. J Anxiety Disord 2002;16:331-340. DOI:10.1016/s0887-6185(02)00104-4
  • 6. Hornik K. The Comprehensive R Archive Network. 2.1 in What is R? 2016: https://cran.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#What-is-R_003f.
  • 7. Vance A. "Data Analysts Captivated by R's Power". 2009 [cited [Okunma : 01.11.2016].
  • 8. Raguraman JW. Unravelling the psychological shadows of epilepsy. JK Practitioner 2006;13:248-50.
  • 9. Gilliam FG, Santos J, Vahle V, Carter J, Brown K, Hecimovic H. Depression in epilepsy: ignoring clinical expression of neuronal network dysfunction? Epilepsia 2004;45:28-33. DOI:10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.452005.x
  • 10. Uysal S, Erener Ercan T. Epilepsi, spor, psikososyal yaşam. Türk Pediatri Arşivi 2005; 40: 68-71. DOI:10.5222/J.GOZTEPETRH.2011.27
  • 11. Suurmeijer TP, Reuvekamp MF, Aldenkamp BP. Social functioning, psychological functioning, and quality of life in epilepsy. Epilepsia 2001; 42(9): 1160-8. DOI:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.37000.x
  • 12. Krishnamoorthy ES, Trimble MR, Blumer D. The classification of neuropsychiatric disorders in epilepsy: a proposal by the ILAE Commission on Psychobiology of Epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2007; 10: 349-53. DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.10.002
  • 13. Hermann BP, Whitman S. Behavioral and personality correlates of epilepsy: a review, methodological critique, and conceptual model. Psychol Bull 1984;95:451-97. PMID: 6399754.
  • 14. Robertson MM, Trimble MR, Townsend HR. Phenomenology of depression in epilepsy. Epilepsia 1987;28:364-72. DOI:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1987.tb03659.x
  • 15. Akçalı A, Altındağ A, Geyik S, Cansel N. Epilepsi hastalarında yaşam kalitesi, depresyon, anksiyete ve çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi Dergisi 2009;46:91-97. PMID : 2009-18111-002
  • 16. Mula M. Epilepsy and Depression: Clinical Problems and Therapeutic Approaches. Epilepsi 2012;18:1-8. DOI: 10.5505/epilepsy.2012.42714
  • 17. Li X, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Socioeconomic and occupational risk factors for epilepsy: a nationwide epidemiological study in Sweden. Seizure 2008;17:254-60. DOI:10.1016/j.seizure.2007.07.011

Epileptik hastalarda psikiyatrik komorbidite olarak depresyon ve agorafobinin araştırılması

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 67 - 70, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.35514/mtd.2021.32

Abstract

Amaç: Epileptik hastalarda psikiyatrik komorbiditeler oldukça sıktır. Çalışmamız epilepsi vakalarında depresyon, anksiyete, sosyal fobi, agorafobi araştırmak için tasarlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metodlar: Toplam 150 epileptik hasta ve 70 kontrol çalışmaya rastgele kaydedildi. Gruplara Beck depresyon envanteri (BDI), Liebowitz sosyal fobi ölçeği (LSPS) ve Panik agorafobi ölçeği (PAS) uygulandı.
Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 34 ± 10yıl, erkek-kadın oranı 56/94, kontrol grubunun yaş ortalaması 33 ± 10 yıl, erkek-kadın sayısı 29/41 idi. Hastaların % 44.7’sinde hastalık süresi 10 yıldan fazlaydı ve % 60.67'si monoterapi almaktaydı. Hasta grubunda BDI 15.18 ± 12.25, kontrol grubunda 10.87 ± 9.06 bulunmuştur (p = 0.0038). LSPS açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Gruplar PAS'a göre değerlendirildiğinde, hastaların % 29.33'ünde, kontrol grubunun % 24'ünde agorafobi bulguları saptanmıştır (p = 0.002). Agorafobi oranı hasta grubunda kadınlarda% 84 olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Depresyon ve agorafobi epileptik hastalarda kontrol grubuna göre daha sık görülmüştür ve kadınlarda agorafobi oranı daha yüksek saptanmıştır.

References

  • 1. Guekht AB, Mitrokhina TV, Lebedeva AV, Dzugaeva FK, Milchakova LE, Lokshina OB et al. Factors influencing on quality of life in people with epilepsy. Seizure 2007;16:128-33. DOI:10.1016/j.seizure.2006.10.011
  • 2. Loring DW, Meador KJ, Lee GP. Determinants of quality of life in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2004;5:976-80. DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2004.08.019
  • 3. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71. DOI:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
  • 4. Soykan C, Ozgüven HD, Gençöz T. Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale: the Turkish version. Psychol Rep 2003;93:1059-69. DOI:10.2466/pr0.2003.93.3f.1059
  • 5. Tural U, Fidane H, Alkin T, Bandelow B. Assessing the severity of panic disorder and agoraphobia: Validity, reliability and objectivity of the Turkish translation of the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale. J Anxiety Disord 2002;16:331-340. DOI:10.1016/s0887-6185(02)00104-4
  • 6. Hornik K. The Comprehensive R Archive Network. 2.1 in What is R? 2016: https://cran.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#What-is-R_003f.
  • 7. Vance A. "Data Analysts Captivated by R's Power". 2009 [cited [Okunma : 01.11.2016].
  • 8. Raguraman JW. Unravelling the psychological shadows of epilepsy. JK Practitioner 2006;13:248-50.
  • 9. Gilliam FG, Santos J, Vahle V, Carter J, Brown K, Hecimovic H. Depression in epilepsy: ignoring clinical expression of neuronal network dysfunction? Epilepsia 2004;45:28-33. DOI:10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.452005.x
  • 10. Uysal S, Erener Ercan T. Epilepsi, spor, psikososyal yaşam. Türk Pediatri Arşivi 2005; 40: 68-71. DOI:10.5222/J.GOZTEPETRH.2011.27
  • 11. Suurmeijer TP, Reuvekamp MF, Aldenkamp BP. Social functioning, psychological functioning, and quality of life in epilepsy. Epilepsia 2001; 42(9): 1160-8. DOI:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.37000.x
  • 12. Krishnamoorthy ES, Trimble MR, Blumer D. The classification of neuropsychiatric disorders in epilepsy: a proposal by the ILAE Commission on Psychobiology of Epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2007; 10: 349-53. DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.10.002
  • 13. Hermann BP, Whitman S. Behavioral and personality correlates of epilepsy: a review, methodological critique, and conceptual model. Psychol Bull 1984;95:451-97. PMID: 6399754.
  • 14. Robertson MM, Trimble MR, Townsend HR. Phenomenology of depression in epilepsy. Epilepsia 1987;28:364-72. DOI:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1987.tb03659.x
  • 15. Akçalı A, Altındağ A, Geyik S, Cansel N. Epilepsi hastalarında yaşam kalitesi, depresyon, anksiyete ve çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi Dergisi 2009;46:91-97. PMID : 2009-18111-002
  • 16. Mula M. Epilepsy and Depression: Clinical Problems and Therapeutic Approaches. Epilepsi 2012;18:1-8. DOI: 10.5505/epilepsy.2012.42714
  • 17. Li X, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Socioeconomic and occupational risk factors for epilepsy: a nationwide epidemiological study in Sweden. Seizure 2008;17:254-60. DOI:10.1016/j.seizure.2007.07.011
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Miruna Florentina Ateş 0000-0001-5953-4240

İpek Midi 0000-0002-5125-3708

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Submission Date October 14, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Ateş MF, Midi İ. Investigation of depression and agoraphobia as psychiatric comorbidity in epileptic patients. Maltepe tıp derg. 2020;12(3):67-70.