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Cerebrovascular enigma: Moyamoya disease etiology, identification, and management

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 201 - 209, 29.03.2024

Mohamamd Anas Ansari Moh Aijaz Mumtaz Ahmad Dr. Shmmon Ahmad Arun Kumar

Abstract

Moyamoya disease is a sporadic cerebrovascular malady categorized by progressive stenosis of the internal carotid arteries and successive development of friable collateral vessels in the brain. The primary root of Moyamoya disease remains undefined, with a genetic predisposition playing an essential role. Familial cases show autosomal dominant inheritance patterns, Chained to particular genetic mutations. Genetic factors cooperating with environmental factors add to disease development. The moyamoya disease mostly occurs in East Asian countries like Korea and Japan. It has global impact. Its occurrence percentage shows demographic variations, with a greater prevalence among females and diverse age-related occurrence in childhood and adulthood. These patterns show genetic and environmental factors' interconnected linkage. Clinical Manifestations show transient, ischemic strokes, ischemic attacks and intracranial hemorrhages. Clinical signs vary between children and adults, with the later more susceptible to strokes. Cognitive impairment and motor discrepancies also arise due to compromised cerebral perfusion. Diagnosis depends on clinical assessment, neuroimaging, and angiography. Imaging techniques like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) scans identify cerebral ischemic or hemorrhagic events. Cerebral angiography confirms the diagnosis by revealing a characteristic collateral vessel formation resembling a "puff of smoke." Treatment management includes revascularization procedures, such as direct or indirect bypass surgeries, to improve cerebral blood flow. Medical therapies, including antiplatelet agents, aim to reduce thrombotic risks. Continuing follow-up is crucial to calculate treatment-efficacy and disease progression.

Keywords

Moyamoya disease Etiology Epidemiology Clinical presentation diagnosis treatment

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Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 201 - 209, 29.03.2024

Mohamamd Anas Ansari Moh Aijaz Mumtaz Ahmad Dr. Shmmon Ahmad Arun Kumar

Abstract

References

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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
Journal Section Review Articles
Authors

Mohamamd Anas Ansari 0009-0001-4940-9443

Moh Aijaz 0000-0002-0526-1854

Mumtaz Ahmad 0000-0002-5495-9749

Dr. Shmmon Ahmad 0000-0003-2120-2413

Arun Kumar 0000-0002-7940-4096

Publication Date March 29, 2024
Submission Date August 25, 2023
Acceptance Date February 25, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 41 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ansari, M. A., Aijaz, M., Ahmad, M., Ahmad, D. S., et al. (2024). Cerebrovascular enigma: Moyamoya disease etiology, identification, and management. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 41(1), 201-209.
AMA Ansari MA, Aijaz M, Ahmad M, Ahmad DS, Kumar A. Cerebrovascular enigma: Moyamoya disease etiology, identification, and management. J. Exp. Clin. Med. March 2024;41(1):201-209.
Chicago Ansari, Mohamamd Anas, Moh Aijaz, Mumtaz Ahmad, Dr. Shmmon Ahmad, and Arun Kumar. “Cerebrovascular Enigma: Moyamoya Disease Etiology, Identification, and Management”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 41, no. 1 (March 2024): 201-9.
EndNote Ansari MA, Aijaz M, Ahmad M, Ahmad DS, Kumar A (March 1, 2024) Cerebrovascular enigma: Moyamoya disease etiology, identification, and management. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 41 1 201–209.
IEEE M. A. Ansari, M. Aijaz, M. Ahmad, D. S. Ahmad, and A. Kumar, “Cerebrovascular enigma: Moyamoya disease etiology, identification, and management”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 201–209, 2024.
ISNAD Ansari, Mohamamd Anas et al. “Cerebrovascular Enigma: Moyamoya Disease Etiology, Identification, and Management”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 41/1 (March 2024), 201-209.
JAMA Ansari MA, Aijaz M, Ahmad M, Ahmad DS, Kumar A. Cerebrovascular enigma: Moyamoya disease etiology, identification, and management. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2024;41:201–209.
MLA Ansari, Mohamamd Anas et al. “Cerebrovascular Enigma: Moyamoya Disease Etiology, Identification, and Management”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, vol. 41, no. 1, 2024, pp. 201-9.
Vancouver Ansari MA, Aijaz M, Ahmad M, Ahmad DS, Kumar A. Cerebrovascular enigma: Moyamoya disease etiology, identification, and management. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2024;41(1):201-9.
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