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Yaşlılarda Egzersiz Kompliyansı ve Motivasyon

Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 369 - 375, 21.09.2020

Abstract

Yaşlı nüfusun toplam nüfus içerisindeki oranının giderek arttığı günümüz dünyasında, yaşlılar için en önemli sağlık davranışlarından biri olan fiziksel aktivite ve egzersize katılım oranları yaşlı popülasyonda oldukça düşüktür. Aktif yaşam tarzının önemi çok iyi bilinmesine rağmen, yaşlılar sıklıkla fiziksel aktivite için kendilerinin çok yaşlı veya dayanıksız olduklarına inanırlar. Bu noktada reçetelendirilmiş egzersiz programına uyum seviyesi olarak tanımlanan kompliyansın önemi daha da anlaşılmaktadır. Ancak egzersizden en fazla fayda sağlayacak grup olan yaşlıların yaklaşık yarısının egzersize kompliyansı düşük seviyelerdedir ve sağlık açısından kazanım elde etmeden egzersizi bırakmaktadır. Yaşlılarda fiziksel uygunluğun sürdürülmesiyle sağlığı geliştirme çabaları, egzersize engelleri ve motivasyon sağlayıcı faktörlerin anlaşılmasını mecburi kılmaktadır. Ancak, motivasyon sağlayıcı faktörlerin ve engellerin bu popülasyonda karmaşık olmasından dolayı spesifik egzersiz belirteçlerinin tespiti zorlaşmaktadır. Ayrıca bu alandaki çalışma verileri, daha çok sağlıklı yaşlılardan elde edilmesi ve yaşlıların kendi bildirimlerinde sağlanan bilgilere dayalı olması nedeniyle bazı limitasyonlara sahiptir. Sağlık profesyonelleri için bir diğer problem medikal yaklaşımlara kompliyansın ölçümüdür. Çeşitli anketler, hasta günlükleri, yüz yüze görüşmeler ve egzersiz performansının gözlenmesi bu anlamda kullanılan tekniklerdir. Uzun dönem kompliyansı sağlayan en etkili stratejinin ne olduğunun hala tam olarak bilinmemesine rağmen, düzenli egzersiz programlarının sürdürülmesinde güçlü etkilere sahip belli faktörler vardır. Bunlar; egzersize motivasyon sağlayıcı ve engel faktörler olarak sınıflandırılabilir. Yaşlıların düzenli egzersiz ve fiziksel aktivitenin faydaları ile ilgili inanışları farklı olmakla birlikte; egzersiz davranışını devam ettirmesini önleyen, gerçek ya da yanlış algılanan birçok engel bulunmaktadır. Literatür incelendiğinde egzersize engel olan ve motivasyon sağlayıcı birçok faktör sıralanmaktadır. Bu derlemede egzersize engel olan ve motivasyon sağlayıcı etmenlere değinilmiştir. Ayrıca yaşlılarda egzersize engeller ve uygun yaklaşımlar ve hasta kompliyansını geliştirmek için uygun tekniklere yer verilmiştir.

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Bulunmamaktadır.

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References

  • Warburton DE, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: a systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current opinion in cardiology. 2017; 32(5), 541-556.
  • Franco MR, Tong A, Howard K, Sherrington C, Ferreira PH, Pinto RZ, Ferreira ML. Older people's perspectives on participation in physical activity: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. British journal of sports medicine. 2015; 49(19), 1268-1276.
  • Schutzer KA, Graves BS. Barriers and motivation to exercise in older adults. Prev Med 2004, 39: 1056-61.
  • Phillips EM, Schneider JC, Mercer GR. Motivating elders to initiate and maintain exercise. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2004; 85 (suppl 3): S52-7.
  • Dishman RK. Motivating older adults to exercise. South Med J 1994; 87: S79-82.
  • Sluijs EM, Kok GJ, van der Zee J. Correlates of exercise compliance in physical therapy. Phys Ther. 1993; 73: 771-782.
  • Guccione AA. Geriatric Physical Therapy. St Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book Inc; 1993: 331-349.
  • Ay S, Evcik D, Kutsal YG, Toraman F, Okumuş M, Eyigör S, Şahin N. Compliance to home-based exercise therapy in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2016; 62(4): 323-328
  • Chao D, Foy CG, Farmer D. Exercise adherence among older adults: challenges and strategies. Control Clin Trials 2000; 21: 212S -7S.
  • O’Neill K, Reid G. Perceived barriers to physical activity by older adults. Can J Public Health 1991; 82: 392-6.
  • Bethancourt HJ, Rosenberg DE, Beatty T, Arterburn DE. Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity program use among older adults. Clinical medicine & research. 2014. 12(1-2), 10-20.
  • Pereira MA, Kriska AM, Day RD, et al. A randomized walking trial in postmenopausal women . Arch Intern Med. 1998; 58: 1695-701.
  • Ottoni CA, Sims-Gould J, Winters M, Heijnen M, McKay HA. “Benches become like porches”: Built and social environment influences on older adults’ experiences of mobility and well-being. Social science & medicine. 2016; 169, 33-41.
  • van der Pol M, Hennessy D, Manns B. The role of time and risk preferences in adherence to physician advice on health behavior change. Eur J Health Econ. 2017;18(3):373-386.
  • Hage P. Primary care physicians: first stop for exercise advice? Physicians Sportsmed. 1993; 11: 149-52.
  • Fredriksson SV, Alley SJ, Rebar AL, Hayman M, Vandelanotte C, Schoeppe S. How are different levels of knowledge about physical activity associated with physical activity behaviour in Australian adults?. PLoS One. 2018; 13(11).
  • Taylor WC, Blair SN, Cummings SS, et al. Childhood and adolescent physical activity patterns and adult physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999; 31: 118-23
  • Henry KD, Rosemond C, Eckert LB. Effect of number of home exercises on compliance and performance in adults over 65 years of age. Phys Ther. 1999; 79: 270-277.
  • Mora JC, Valencia WM. Exercise and Older Adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2018;34(1):145-162.
  • Room J, Hannink E, Dawes H, Barker K. What interventions are used to improve exercise adherence in older people and what behavioural techniques are they based on? A systematic review. BMJ Open. 2017; 7(12):e019221.
  • Johnson G, Otto D, Clair AA. The effects of instrumental and vocal music on adherence to a physical rehabilitation exercise program with persons who are elderly. J Music Therapy 2001; 82-96.
  • King AC, Haskell WL, Taylor B et al. Group- vs. home-based exercise training in healthy older men and women. JAMA. 1991, 266: 1535-42.
  • Castro CM, King AC, Brassington GS. Telephone versus mail interventions for maintance of physical activity in older adults. Health Psychol. 2001; 20: 438-44.
  • Yarmohammadi S, Mozafar Saadati H, Ghaffari M, Ramezankhani A. A systematic review of barriers and motivators to physical activity in elderly adults in Iran and worldwide. Epidemiol Health. 2019; 41:e2019049.
  • Horne M, Tierney S. What are the barriers and facilitators to exercise and physical activity uptake and adherence among South Asian older adults: a systematic review of qualitative studies. Prev Med. 2012; 55(4):276-284.
  • Bethancourt HJ, Rosenberg DE, Beatty T, Arterburn DE. Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity program use among older adults. Clin Med Res. 2014; 12(1-2):10-20.
  • Lees FD, Clarkr PG, Nigg CR, Newman P. Barriers to exercise behavior among older adults: a focus-group study. J Aging Phys Act. 2005; 13 (1): 23-33.
  • Grossman MD, Stewart AL. “You aren’t going to get beter by just sitting around”: physical activity perceptions, motivations, and barrers in adults 75years of age or older. Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2003;12: 33-37.
  • Resnick B, Spellbring AM. Understanding what motivates older adults to exercise. J Geron Nurs. 2000; 26: 34-42.
  • Friedrich M, Cermak T, Maderbacher P. The effect of brochure use versus therapists teaching on patients performing therapeutic exercise and on changes in impairment status. PhysTher 1996; 76: 1082-1088.
  • Kåringen I, Dysvik E, Furnes B. The elderly stroke patient's long-term adherence to physiotherapy home exercises. Advances in Physiotherapy. 2011; 13(4), 145-152.
  • Devereaux J. Comparison of rates of perceived exertion between active video games and traditional exercise. International SportMed Journal. 2012; 13(3), 133-140.
  • Kim J, Son J, Ko N, Yoon B. Unsupervised virtual reality-based exercise program improves hip muscle strength and balance control in older adults: a pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(5):937-943.
  • Schoo A, Morris M. The effects of mode of exercise instruction on correctness of exercise performance and adherence. Physiother Singapore 2003; 6: 122-9.
  • Costa MTS, Vieira LP, Barbosa EO, et al. Virtual Reality-Based Exercise with Exergames as Medicine in Different Contexts: A Short Review. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2019; 15:15-20.
Year 2020, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 369 - 375, 21.09.2020

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • Warburton DE, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: a systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current opinion in cardiology. 2017; 32(5), 541-556.
  • Franco MR, Tong A, Howard K, Sherrington C, Ferreira PH, Pinto RZ, Ferreira ML. Older people's perspectives on participation in physical activity: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. British journal of sports medicine. 2015; 49(19), 1268-1276.
  • Schutzer KA, Graves BS. Barriers and motivation to exercise in older adults. Prev Med 2004, 39: 1056-61.
  • Phillips EM, Schneider JC, Mercer GR. Motivating elders to initiate and maintain exercise. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2004; 85 (suppl 3): S52-7.
  • Dishman RK. Motivating older adults to exercise. South Med J 1994; 87: S79-82.
  • Sluijs EM, Kok GJ, van der Zee J. Correlates of exercise compliance in physical therapy. Phys Ther. 1993; 73: 771-782.
  • Guccione AA. Geriatric Physical Therapy. St Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book Inc; 1993: 331-349.
  • Ay S, Evcik D, Kutsal YG, Toraman F, Okumuş M, Eyigör S, Şahin N. Compliance to home-based exercise therapy in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2016; 62(4): 323-328
  • Chao D, Foy CG, Farmer D. Exercise adherence among older adults: challenges and strategies. Control Clin Trials 2000; 21: 212S -7S.
  • O’Neill K, Reid G. Perceived barriers to physical activity by older adults. Can J Public Health 1991; 82: 392-6.
  • Bethancourt HJ, Rosenberg DE, Beatty T, Arterburn DE. Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity program use among older adults. Clinical medicine & research. 2014. 12(1-2), 10-20.
  • Pereira MA, Kriska AM, Day RD, et al. A randomized walking trial in postmenopausal women . Arch Intern Med. 1998; 58: 1695-701.
  • Ottoni CA, Sims-Gould J, Winters M, Heijnen M, McKay HA. “Benches become like porches”: Built and social environment influences on older adults’ experiences of mobility and well-being. Social science & medicine. 2016; 169, 33-41.
  • van der Pol M, Hennessy D, Manns B. The role of time and risk preferences in adherence to physician advice on health behavior change. Eur J Health Econ. 2017;18(3):373-386.
  • Hage P. Primary care physicians: first stop for exercise advice? Physicians Sportsmed. 1993; 11: 149-52.
  • Fredriksson SV, Alley SJ, Rebar AL, Hayman M, Vandelanotte C, Schoeppe S. How are different levels of knowledge about physical activity associated with physical activity behaviour in Australian adults?. PLoS One. 2018; 13(11).
  • Taylor WC, Blair SN, Cummings SS, et al. Childhood and adolescent physical activity patterns and adult physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999; 31: 118-23
  • Henry KD, Rosemond C, Eckert LB. Effect of number of home exercises on compliance and performance in adults over 65 years of age. Phys Ther. 1999; 79: 270-277.
  • Mora JC, Valencia WM. Exercise and Older Adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2018;34(1):145-162.
  • Room J, Hannink E, Dawes H, Barker K. What interventions are used to improve exercise adherence in older people and what behavioural techniques are they based on? A systematic review. BMJ Open. 2017; 7(12):e019221.
  • Johnson G, Otto D, Clair AA. The effects of instrumental and vocal music on adherence to a physical rehabilitation exercise program with persons who are elderly. J Music Therapy 2001; 82-96.
  • King AC, Haskell WL, Taylor B et al. Group- vs. home-based exercise training in healthy older men and women. JAMA. 1991, 266: 1535-42.
  • Castro CM, King AC, Brassington GS. Telephone versus mail interventions for maintance of physical activity in older adults. Health Psychol. 2001; 20: 438-44.
  • Yarmohammadi S, Mozafar Saadati H, Ghaffari M, Ramezankhani A. A systematic review of barriers and motivators to physical activity in elderly adults in Iran and worldwide. Epidemiol Health. 2019; 41:e2019049.
  • Horne M, Tierney S. What are the barriers and facilitators to exercise and physical activity uptake and adherence among South Asian older adults: a systematic review of qualitative studies. Prev Med. 2012; 55(4):276-284.
  • Bethancourt HJ, Rosenberg DE, Beatty T, Arterburn DE. Barriers to and facilitators of physical activity program use among older adults. Clin Med Res. 2014; 12(1-2):10-20.
  • Lees FD, Clarkr PG, Nigg CR, Newman P. Barriers to exercise behavior among older adults: a focus-group study. J Aging Phys Act. 2005; 13 (1): 23-33.
  • Grossman MD, Stewart AL. “You aren’t going to get beter by just sitting around”: physical activity perceptions, motivations, and barrers in adults 75years of age or older. Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2003;12: 33-37.
  • Resnick B, Spellbring AM. Understanding what motivates older adults to exercise. J Geron Nurs. 2000; 26: 34-42.
  • Friedrich M, Cermak T, Maderbacher P. The effect of brochure use versus therapists teaching on patients performing therapeutic exercise and on changes in impairment status. PhysTher 1996; 76: 1082-1088.
  • Kåringen I, Dysvik E, Furnes B. The elderly stroke patient's long-term adherence to physiotherapy home exercises. Advances in Physiotherapy. 2011; 13(4), 145-152.
  • Devereaux J. Comparison of rates of perceived exertion between active video games and traditional exercise. International SportMed Journal. 2012; 13(3), 133-140.
  • Kim J, Son J, Ko N, Yoon B. Unsupervised virtual reality-based exercise program improves hip muscle strength and balance control in older adults: a pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(5):937-943.
  • Schoo A, Morris M. The effects of mode of exercise instruction on correctness of exercise performance and adherence. Physiother Singapore 2003; 6: 122-9.
  • Costa MTS, Vieira LP, Barbosa EO, et al. Virtual Reality-Based Exercise with Exergames as Medicine in Different Contexts: A Short Review. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2019; 15:15-20.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Derlemeler
Authors

Tahir Keskin 0000-0002-9237-3300

Ferdi Başkurt 0000-0002-8997-4172

Project Number -
Publication Date September 21, 2020
Submission Date June 25, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Keskin T, Başkurt F. Yaşlılarda Egzersiz Kompliyansı ve Motivasyon. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020;11(3):369-75.

SDÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, makalenin gönderilmesi ve yayınlanması dahil olmak üzere hiçbir aşamada herhangi bir ücret talep etmemektedir. Dergimiz, bilimsel araştırmaları okuyucuya ücretsiz sunmanın bilginin küresel paylaşımını artıracağı ilkesini benimseyerek, içeriğine anında açık erişim sağlamaktadır.