Research Article
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The Effects of Age and Body Mass Index on Flexibility and Balance Performance

Year 2017, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 12 - 18, 14.04.2017

Saniye Aydoğan Arslan Meral Sertel Tezel Yıldırım Şahan Fatih Kurtoğlu

https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.330506

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of age and Body Mass Index (BMI) on flexibility and balance in individuals aged between 18-80.

Methods: Four hundred and four (n=404) individuals were included in the study. Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and Sit to Stand Test (SST) were used in order to evaluate dynamic balance; Sit and Reach Flexibility Test as well as Lateral Trunk Flexion test were used for

flexibility.

Results: A correlation was found between age, TUG, SST and flexibility values (p<0.05). There was a correlation in a negative direction between BMI, and right-left trunk flexibility tests. There was a correlation in a positive direction between TUG and SST.

Conclusion: The increase in age and BMI causes restrictions in daily life activities of individuals by leading to decrease in important parameters that affect their physical fitness such as balance and flexibility.

Keywords

Age Body Mass Index Balance Joint Flexibility

References

  • 1. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010; 39(4):412-23.
  • 2. Nakano MM, Otonari TS, Takara KS, Carmo CM and Tanaka C. Physical performance, balance, mobility, and muscle strength decline at different rates in elderly people. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014;26(4):583-6.
  • 3. Jih J, Le G, Woo K, Tsoh JY, Stewart S, Gildengorin G, et al. Educational Interventions to Promote Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity Among Older Chinese Americans: A Cluster-Randomized Trial. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(6):1092-8.
  • 4. Çolakoğlu FF, Karacan S. Genç bayanlar ile orta yaş bayanlarda aerobik egzersizin bazi fizyolojik parametrelere etkisi. Kastamonu Education Journal 2006;14(1):277-84.
  • 5. Smee DJ, Berry HL, Waddington G, Anson J. Association between Berg Balance, Physiological Profile Assessment and Physical Activity, Physical Function and Body Composition: A Cross-sectional Study. J Frailty Aging.2015;5(1):20-6.
  • 6. Cangussu LM, Nahas-Neto J, Nahas EAP, Barral ABCR, Araujo BD, Uemura G. Evaluation of postural balance in postmenopausal women and its relationship with bone mineral density-a cross sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2012;13:2-7.
  • 7. Shirazi SA, Nezhad FG, Ebrahimian M, Nouraddini E, Mansoorian A, Emami F. Flexibility of Knee Joint Muscles in Women with Knee Osteoarthritis and Healthy Controls. JRSR. 2016;2(3):47-52.
  • 8. Düzgün İ, Baltacı G. Düzenli spor yapan ve yapmayan adolesanlarda esneklik test sonuçlarının yaş ve cinsiyete bağlı değişimi. Fizyoter Rehabil. 2006;20(3):184-9.
  • 9. Degens H, Alway SE. Control of muscle size during disuse, disease, and aging. Int J Sports Med. 2006;27(2):94-9.
  • 10. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity in the United States. JAMA. 2014:312(2):189-90.
  • 11. Benetti FA, Bacha IL, Garrido Junior AB, Greve JMDA. Analyses of balance and flexibility of obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Clinics. 2016;71(2):78-81.
  • 12. Fjeldstad C, Fjeldstad AS, Acree LS, Nickel KJ, Gardner AW. The influence of obesity on falls and quality of life. Dyn Med. 2008;7:4.
  • 13. Yoshida A, Kahanov L. The effect of kinesio taping on lower trunk range of motions. Res Sports Med. 2007;15(2):103-12.
  • 14. Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2):142-48.
  • 15. Bohannon RW. Sit-to-stand test for measuring performance of lower extremity muscles. Percept Mot Skills. 1995;80(1):163-6.
  • 16. Golding LA. Flexibility, Stretching, and Flexibility Testing Recommendations for Testing and Standards. ACSMs Health Fit J. 1997;1(2):17-20.
  • 17. Hue O, Simoneau, M, Marcotte J, Berrigan F, Doré J, Marceau P, et al. Body weight is a strong predictor of postural stability. Gait Posture. 2007;26(1):32-8.
  • 18. Tsuyama K, Hoshiba A, Nakajima H. An agerelated change in dynamic balance ability and the relationship between dynamic balance ability and isometric knee extension strength-Females from 20 to 85 years old who regularly practiced at gymnastics club. Jpn J Phys Fitness Sports Med. 2012;61(1):131-7.
  • 19. Shkuratova N, Morris ME, Huxham F. Effects of age on balance control during walking. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(4):582-8.
  • 20. Ko JH, Newell KM. Aging and the complexity of center of pressure in static and dynamic postural tasks. Neurosci Lett. 2016;610:104-9.
  • 21. Huntley AH, Zettel JL, Vallis LA. Effect of aging on dynamic postural stability and variability during a multi-directional lean and reach object transportation task. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2016;66:154-60.
  • 22. Marshall LM, Litwack-Harrison S, Cawthon PM, Kado DM, Deyo RA, Makris UE, et al; Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) Research Group. A prospective study of back pain and risk of falls among older community-dwelling women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016;71(9):1177-83.
  • 23. Blake AJ, Morgan K, Bendall MJ, Dallosso H, Ebrahim SBJ, Arie THD, Bassey EJ. Falls by elderly people at home: prevalence and associated factors. Age ageing. 1988;17(6):365-72.
  • 24. Pangrazi RP, Corbin CB. Age as a factor relating to physical fitness test performance. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1990;61(4):410-4.
  • 25. Youdas JW, Krause DA, Hollman JH, Harmsen WS, Laskowski E. The influence of gender and age on hamstring muscle length in healthy adults. Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35(4):246-52.
  • 26. Krul M, van der Wouden JC, Schellevis FG, van Suijlekom-Smit LW, Koes BW. Musculoskeletal problems in overweight and obese children. Ann Fam Med. 2009;7(4):352-6.
  • 27. Ergun N, Baltacı G. Elit sporcularda yaş ve cinse göre statik kuvvet ölçümlerinin fiziksel özellikler ile ilişkisi. Hacettepe J Sport Sci. 1992;3(3):3-10.
  • 28. Greve J, Alonso A, Bordini ACP, Camanho GL. Correlation between body mass index and postural balance. Clinics. 2007;62(6):717-20.
  • 29. Jiménez-Pavón D, Kelly J, Reilly JJ. Associations between objectively measured habitual physical activity and adiposity in children and adolescents: Systematic review. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2010;5(1):3-18.
  • 30. Kerkez Fİ, Kızılay F, Arslan C. 35-45 yaş kadinlarda beden kitle indeksi ile postural dinamik denge ilişkisi özet. NWSA-Sports Sciences. 2013;8(4):57-64.

YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2017, Volume: 28 Issue: 1, 12 - 18, 14.04.2017

Saniye Aydoğan Arslan Meral Sertel Tezel Yıldırım Şahan Fatih Kurtoğlu

https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.330506

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma 18-80 yaş arası bireylerde yaş ve vücut kütle indeksinin (VKİ) esneklik ve dinamik denge performansı üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla planlandı. 

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 404 birey dahil edildi. Dinamik dengeyi değerlendirmek için zamanlı kalk yürü testi (ZKYT) ve sandalyeden otur kalk testi kullanıldı; Esneklik için Otur ve uzan esneklik testi ile gövde lateral fleksiyon testi kullanıldı.

Sonuçlar: Yaş ile ZKYT, sandalyeden otur kalk testi ve esneklik ölçümleri arasında ilişki saptandı (p<0.05). VKİ gövde LF ölçümleri arasında negatif yönde ilişki bulundu (p<0.05). VKİ ile ZKYTve sandalyeden otur kalk testi ölçümleri arasında negatif yönde ilişki bulundu (p<0.05).

Tartışma: Yaş ve VKİ’deki artış, bireylerin günlük hayatlarındaki faaliyetlerinde kısıtlamalara sebep olarak denge ve esneklik gibi bireylerin önemli fiziksel yeterlilik parametrelerinde düşüşe neden olmaktadır.

Keywords

Yaş Vücut Kütle İndeksi Denge Eklem Esnekliği

References

  • 1. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010; 39(4):412-23.
  • 2. Nakano MM, Otonari TS, Takara KS, Carmo CM and Tanaka C. Physical performance, balance, mobility, and muscle strength decline at different rates in elderly people. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014;26(4):583-6.
  • 3. Jih J, Le G, Woo K, Tsoh JY, Stewart S, Gildengorin G, et al. Educational Interventions to Promote Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity Among Older Chinese Americans: A Cluster-Randomized Trial. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(6):1092-8.
  • 4. Çolakoğlu FF, Karacan S. Genç bayanlar ile orta yaş bayanlarda aerobik egzersizin bazi fizyolojik parametrelere etkisi. Kastamonu Education Journal 2006;14(1):277-84.
  • 5. Smee DJ, Berry HL, Waddington G, Anson J. Association between Berg Balance, Physiological Profile Assessment and Physical Activity, Physical Function and Body Composition: A Cross-sectional Study. J Frailty Aging.2015;5(1):20-6.
  • 6. Cangussu LM, Nahas-Neto J, Nahas EAP, Barral ABCR, Araujo BD, Uemura G. Evaluation of postural balance in postmenopausal women and its relationship with bone mineral density-a cross sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2012;13:2-7.
  • 7. Shirazi SA, Nezhad FG, Ebrahimian M, Nouraddini E, Mansoorian A, Emami F. Flexibility of Knee Joint Muscles in Women with Knee Osteoarthritis and Healthy Controls. JRSR. 2016;2(3):47-52.
  • 8. Düzgün İ, Baltacı G. Düzenli spor yapan ve yapmayan adolesanlarda esneklik test sonuçlarının yaş ve cinsiyete bağlı değişimi. Fizyoter Rehabil. 2006;20(3):184-9.
  • 9. Degens H, Alway SE. Control of muscle size during disuse, disease, and aging. Int J Sports Med. 2006;27(2):94-9.
  • 10. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity in the United States. JAMA. 2014:312(2):189-90.
  • 11. Benetti FA, Bacha IL, Garrido Junior AB, Greve JMDA. Analyses of balance and flexibility of obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Clinics. 2016;71(2):78-81.
  • 12. Fjeldstad C, Fjeldstad AS, Acree LS, Nickel KJ, Gardner AW. The influence of obesity on falls and quality of life. Dyn Med. 2008;7:4.
  • 13. Yoshida A, Kahanov L. The effect of kinesio taping on lower trunk range of motions. Res Sports Med. 2007;15(2):103-12.
  • 14. Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2):142-48.
  • 15. Bohannon RW. Sit-to-stand test for measuring performance of lower extremity muscles. Percept Mot Skills. 1995;80(1):163-6.
  • 16. Golding LA. Flexibility, Stretching, and Flexibility Testing Recommendations for Testing and Standards. ACSMs Health Fit J. 1997;1(2):17-20.
  • 17. Hue O, Simoneau, M, Marcotte J, Berrigan F, Doré J, Marceau P, et al. Body weight is a strong predictor of postural stability. Gait Posture. 2007;26(1):32-8.
  • 18. Tsuyama K, Hoshiba A, Nakajima H. An agerelated change in dynamic balance ability and the relationship between dynamic balance ability and isometric knee extension strength-Females from 20 to 85 years old who regularly practiced at gymnastics club. Jpn J Phys Fitness Sports Med. 2012;61(1):131-7.
  • 19. Shkuratova N, Morris ME, Huxham F. Effects of age on balance control during walking. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(4):582-8.
  • 20. Ko JH, Newell KM. Aging and the complexity of center of pressure in static and dynamic postural tasks. Neurosci Lett. 2016;610:104-9.
  • 21. Huntley AH, Zettel JL, Vallis LA. Effect of aging on dynamic postural stability and variability during a multi-directional lean and reach object transportation task. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2016;66:154-60.
  • 22. Marshall LM, Litwack-Harrison S, Cawthon PM, Kado DM, Deyo RA, Makris UE, et al; Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) Research Group. A prospective study of back pain and risk of falls among older community-dwelling women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016;71(9):1177-83.
  • 23. Blake AJ, Morgan K, Bendall MJ, Dallosso H, Ebrahim SBJ, Arie THD, Bassey EJ. Falls by elderly people at home: prevalence and associated factors. Age ageing. 1988;17(6):365-72.
  • 24. Pangrazi RP, Corbin CB. Age as a factor relating to physical fitness test performance. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1990;61(4):410-4.
  • 25. Youdas JW, Krause DA, Hollman JH, Harmsen WS, Laskowski E. The influence of gender and age on hamstring muscle length in healthy adults. Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2005;35(4):246-52.
  • 26. Krul M, van der Wouden JC, Schellevis FG, van Suijlekom-Smit LW, Koes BW. Musculoskeletal problems in overweight and obese children. Ann Fam Med. 2009;7(4):352-6.
  • 27. Ergun N, Baltacı G. Elit sporcularda yaş ve cinse göre statik kuvvet ölçümlerinin fiziksel özellikler ile ilişkisi. Hacettepe J Sport Sci. 1992;3(3):3-10.
  • 28. Greve J, Alonso A, Bordini ACP, Camanho GL. Correlation between body mass index and postural balance. Clinics. 2007;62(6):717-20.
  • 29. Jiménez-Pavón D, Kelly J, Reilly JJ. Associations between objectively measured habitual physical activity and adiposity in children and adolescents: Systematic review. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2010;5(1):3-18.
  • 30. Kerkez Fİ, Kızılay F, Arslan C. 35-45 yaş kadinlarda beden kitle indeksi ile postural dinamik denge ilişkisi özet. NWSA-Sports Sciences. 2013;8(4):57-64.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Saniye Aydoğan Arslan This is me

Meral Sertel

Tezel Yıldırım Şahan

Fatih Kurtoğlu This is me

Publication Date April 14, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 28 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aydoğan Arslan, S., Sertel, M., Yıldırım Şahan, T., Kurtoğlu, F. (2017). YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, 28(1), 12-18. https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.330506
AMA Aydoğan Arslan S, Sertel M, Yıldırım Şahan T, Kurtoğlu F. YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. April 2017;28(1):12-18. doi:10.21653/tfrd.330506
Chicago Aydoğan Arslan, Saniye, Meral Sertel, Tezel Yıldırım Şahan, and Fatih Kurtoğlu. “YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon 28, no. 1 (April 2017): 12-18. https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.330506.
EndNote Aydoğan Arslan S, Sertel M, Yıldırım Şahan T, Kurtoğlu F (April 1, 2017) YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon 28 1 12–18.
IEEE S. Aydoğan Arslan, M. Sertel, T. Yıldırım Şahan, and F. Kurtoğlu, “YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”, Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 12–18, 2017, doi: 10.21653/tfrd.330506.
ISNAD Aydoğan Arslan, Saniye et al. “YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon 28/1 (April 2017), 12-18. https://doi.org/10.21653/tfrd.330506.
JAMA Aydoğan Arslan S, Sertel M, Yıldırım Şahan T, Kurtoğlu F. YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2017;28:12–18.
MLA Aydoğan Arslan, Saniye et al. “YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ”. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, vol. 28, no. 1, 2017, pp. 12-18, doi:10.21653/tfrd.330506.
Vancouver Aydoğan Arslan S, Sertel M, Yıldırım Şahan T, Kurtoğlu F. YAŞ VE VÜCUT KÜTLE İNDEKSİNİN ESNEKLİK VE DENGE PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2017;28(1):12-8.