Research Article
Year 2024,
, 134 - 138, 01.04.2024
Abstract
Background/Purpose:
Anxiety and depression in pregnancy commonly presents between 10 and 25% of pregnant individuals. Increased symptoms of depression and anxiety are coupled with elevated risk of preterm birth, postpartum depression, and behavioral difficulties in children. Detection of ovarian cyst is a potential stressor factor for pregnant individuals. Our objective was to investigate the levels of anxiety, depression and hopelessness in pregnant individuals with ovarian cyst.
Methods:
In this comparative and descriptive study, a total of 184 pregnant women were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 encompasses pregnant women with ovarian cyst (n=86), and Group 2 includes healthy pregnant women as control (n=88). Data were collected using Demographic Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2).
Results: We found substantially elevated BDI, BAI, BHS AND PRAQ-R2 scores in Group 1 according to Group 2 [(15.16±12.6, 6.45±5.6), (16.44±14.5, 7.61±5.2), (9.44±8.3, 4.10±5.2), (30.99±9.66, 27.2±4.90), respectively] (p>0.05). However, there wasn’t significant difference between groups in demographic characteristics (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Anxiety, depression and hopelessness are observed more among pregnant women with ovarian cyst. Nevertheless, approximately 70 percent of all ovarian cysts spontaneously resolve during pregnancy and more than 90 percent of them are benign. Hence, the patient should be informed appropriately by obstetricians before referring them to tertiary centers, and this approach may mitigate their anxiety, depression and hopelessness.
Keywords
References
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- 13. Seber G, Dilbaz N, Kaptanoğlu C, et al. Hopelessness scale: validity and reliability. Crisis J. 1993;1(3):139‐142.
- 14. Derya, Y.A, Taşhan, S.T, Duman, M, et al. Turkish adaptation of the pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire-revised 2: validity and reliability study in multiparous and primiparous pregnancy. Midwifery 62, 61–68, 2018.
- 15. Leight KL, Fitelson EM, Weston CA, et al. Childbirth and mental disorders. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2010;22(5):453-471. doi:10.3109/09540261.2010.514600
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- 17. O'Donnell K, O'Connor TG, Glover V. Prenatal stress and neurodevelopment of the child: focus on the HPA axis and role of the placenta. Dev Neurosci. 2009;31(4):285-292. doi:10.1159/000216539
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- 20. Orr ST, Reiter JP, Blazer DG, et al. Maternal prenatal pregnancy-related anxiety and spontaneous preterm birth in Baltimore, Maryland. Psychosom Med. 2007;69(6):566-570. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3180cac25d
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- 22. Zanetta G, Mariani E, Lissoni A, et al. A prospective study of the role of ultrasound in the management of adnexal masses in pregnancy. BJOG. 2003;110(6):578-583.
- 23. Whitecar MP, Turner S, Higby MK. Adnexal masses in pregnancy: a review of 130 cases undergoing surgical management. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;181(1):19-24. doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70429-1
- 24. Bernhard LM, Klebba PK, Gray DL, et al. Predictors of persistence of adnexal masses in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93(4):585-589. doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00490-6
- 25. Brady PC, Simpson LL, Lewin SN, et al. Safety of conservative management of ovarian masses during pregnancy. J Reprod Med. 2013;58(9-10):377-382.
- 26. Gagnon AJ, Sandall J. Individual or group antenatal education for childbirth or parenthood, or both. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;2007(3):CD002869. Published 2007 Jul 18. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002869.pub2
- 27. Stoll K, Swift EM, Fairbrother N, et al. A systematic review of nonpharmacological prenatal interventions for pregnancy-specific anxiety and fear of childbirth. Birth. 2018;45(1):7-18. doi:10.1111/birt.12316
- 28. Downe S, Finlayson K, Tunçalp Ö, et al. Provision and uptake of routine antenatal services: a qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;6(6):CD012392. Published 2019 Jun 12. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012392.pub2
Year 2024,
, 134 - 138, 01.04.2024
Abstract
Supporting Institution
Destekleyen kurum yoktur.
References
- 1. Webb KE, Sakhel K, Chauhan SP, et al. Adnexal mass during pregnancy: a review. Am J Perinatol. 2015;32(11):1010-1016. doi:10.1055/s-0035-1549216
- 2. Palmer J, Vatish M, Tidy J. Epithelial ovarian cancer in pregnancy: a review of the literature. BJOG. 2009;116(4):480-491. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02089.x
- 3. Schmeler KM, Mayo-Smith WW, Peipert JF, et al. Adnexal masses in pregnancy: surgery compared with observation. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105(5 Pt 1):1098-1103. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000157465.99639.e5
- 4. Giuntoli RL 2nd, Vang RS, Bristow RE. Evaluation and management of adnexal masses during pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2006;49(3):492-505. doi:10.1097/00003081-200609000-00009
- 5. Dunkel Schetter C, Tanner L. Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012;25(2):141-148. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283503680
- 6. Madhavanprabhakaran GK, D'Souza MS, Nairy KS. Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors. Int J Afr Nurs Sci. 2015;3: 1‐7.
- 7. Beck AT, Warc CH, Mendelson M,et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561‐571.
- 8. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, et al. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988; 56:893‐897.
- 9. Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, et al. The measurement of pessi-mism: the hopelessness scale. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1974;42(6):861‐865.
- 10. Huizink AC, Delforterie MJ, Scheinin NM, et al. Adaption of pregnancy anxiety questionnaire-revised for all pregnant women regardless of parity: PRAQ-R2. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016;19(1):125-132. doi:10.1007/s00737-015-0531-2
- 11. Hisli N. Validity and reliability of Beck Depression Inventory for university students. Psikoloji dergisi. 1989;7(23):3‐13.
- 12. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother. 1998;12(2): 163‐172.
- 13. Seber G, Dilbaz N, Kaptanoğlu C, et al. Hopelessness scale: validity and reliability. Crisis J. 1993;1(3):139‐142.
- 14. Derya, Y.A, Taşhan, S.T, Duman, M, et al. Turkish adaptation of the pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire-revised 2: validity and reliability study in multiparous and primiparous pregnancy. Midwifery 62, 61–68, 2018.
- 15. Leight KL, Fitelson EM, Weston CA, et al. Childbirth and mental disorders. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2010;22(5):453-471. doi:10.3109/09540261.2010.514600
- 16. Zhu CS, Tan TC, Chen HY, et al. Threatened miscarriage and depressive and anxiety symptoms among women and partners in early pregnancy. J Affect Disord. 2018;237:1-9. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.012
- 17. O'Donnell K, O'Connor TG, Glover V. Prenatal stress and neurodevelopment of the child: focus on the HPA axis and role of the placenta. Dev Neurosci. 2009;31(4):285-292. doi:10.1159/000216539
- 18. Grote NK, Bridge JA, Gavin AR, et al. A meta-analysis of depression during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(10):1012-1024. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.111
- 19. Fransson E, Ortenstrand A, Hjelmstedt A. Antenatal depressive symptoms and preterm birth: a prospective study of a Swedish national sample. Birth. 2011;38(1):10-16. doi:10.1111/j.1523-536X.2010.00441.x
- 20. Orr ST, Reiter JP, Blazer DG, et al. Maternal prenatal pregnancy-related anxiety and spontaneous preterm birth in Baltimore, Maryland. Psychosom Med. 2007;69(6):566-570. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3180cac25d
- 21. Goedhart G, Snijders AC, Hesselink AE, et al. Maternal depressive symptoms in relation to perinatal mortality and morbidity: results from a large multiethnic cohort study. Psychosom Med. 2010;72(8):769-776. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181ee4a62
- 22. Zanetta G, Mariani E, Lissoni A, et al. A prospective study of the role of ultrasound in the management of adnexal masses in pregnancy. BJOG. 2003;110(6):578-583.
- 23. Whitecar MP, Turner S, Higby MK. Adnexal masses in pregnancy: a review of 130 cases undergoing surgical management. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;181(1):19-24. doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70429-1
- 24. Bernhard LM, Klebba PK, Gray DL, et al. Predictors of persistence of adnexal masses in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93(4):585-589. doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00490-6
- 25. Brady PC, Simpson LL, Lewin SN, et al. Safety of conservative management of ovarian masses during pregnancy. J Reprod Med. 2013;58(9-10):377-382.
- 26. Gagnon AJ, Sandall J. Individual or group antenatal education for childbirth or parenthood, or both. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;2007(3):CD002869. Published 2007 Jul 18. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002869.pub2
- 27. Stoll K, Swift EM, Fairbrother N, et al. A systematic review of nonpharmacological prenatal interventions for pregnancy-specific anxiety and fear of childbirth. Birth. 2018;45(1):7-18. doi:10.1111/birt.12316
- 28. Downe S, Finlayson K, Tunçalp Ö, et al. Provision and uptake of routine antenatal services: a qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;6(6):CD012392. Published 2019 Jun 12. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012392.pub2
There are 28 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Obstetrics and Gynaecology |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | March 27, 2024 |
| Publication Date | April 1, 2024 |
| Submission Date | August 22, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 |