The Effect of Bruxism on the Severity of Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Chewing Functionality: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hazel Çelik Güzel

doi:10.31067/acusaglik.1366521

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The Effect of Bruxism on the Severity of Temporomandibular Dysfunction and Chewing Functionality: A Cross-Sectional Study

Year 2024, , 411 - 417, 01.10.2024

Hazel Çelik Güzel

https://doi.org/10.31067/acusaglik.1366521

Abstract

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the effect of bruxism on Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) severity and chewing functionality in individuals with TMD.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 91 individuals diagnosed with TMD. TMJ pain was assessed with the Numeric Pain Scale (NPS), maximum mouth opening (MMO) was evaluated with a ruler, TMD severity was assessed with the Fonseca Anamnestic Questionnaire (FAQ), and chewing functionality was considered with the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale-20 (JFLS-20).
Results: 65 (71.4%) of the individuals were female, and the median age was 29.0 (20-55) years. Individuals were divided into two groups: self-reported bruxism (Group 1: 63) and non-reported bruxism (Group 2: 28). When the groups with and without bruxism were compared, NPS (p=0.002), MMO (p=0.007) FAQ (p=0.000) and JFLS-20 (p=0.000) results were significantly worse in the group with bruxism. TMD severity was significantly higher in the group with bruxism (p=0.000). The probability of having moderate-severe TMD increased statistically significantly 16.236 times (95% CI: 3.485-75.651) with bruxism (p=0.000). Limitation in chewing functionality was significantly increased 4.364 times (95% CI: 1.127- 16.906) in the presence of bruxism (p=0.033).
Conclusion: The study results showed that pain, TMD severity, and chewing functionality limitation were higher in individuals with TMD accompanied by bruxism. It should be considered that knowing the bruxism and its effects that may accompany TMD, which is very common and increasing in number and severity daily, in the evaluation or treatment phase is essential in improving rehabilitation success.

Keywords

Temporomandibular dysfunction, bruxism, chewing functionality.

Ethical Statement

Approval for this study was granted by The Human Research Ethics Committee of Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University (decision no: 2023-54).

Supporting Institution

The author reports no financial support.

Thanks

The author thanks the participants who participated in this study.

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