Araştırma Makalesi
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Determination of the evaluation criteria for agritourism via delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods: a case study in Turkey

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 245 - 264, 30.04.2019

Ahmet Serhat Uludağ Evrim Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.454115

Öz

The population is decreasing in the
regions where agricultural lands are prevalent, agricultural areas are not used
effectively and efficiently, and both the afore-said regions and the people
living there show a recession with each passing day in terms of economic,
social and cultural aspects. This study examines from a different angle the
agritourism which can be considered as an alternative option for the creation
of a significant impact which may decelerate, stop or even reverse the
above-mentioned recession. Accordingly, the main objective of the study is to
determine and weight the evaluation criteria for agritourism. Decision-making
techniques such as Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process methods have been used
for this purpose. 52 evaluation criteria have been determined by common consent
through a Delphi study consisting of three rounds. The Analytic Hierarchy Process
(AHP) method has been used for the determination of the priorities in the
specified criteria and for the calculation of their weights. In this way, it
has been aimed to contribute to the studies that will be carried out in order
to determine the existence of agritourism potentials in any region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Agritourism Delphi Technique Analytic Hierarchy Process

Kaynakça

  • Ahipasaoglu , S. & Celtek, E. (2006). Sürdürülebilir Kırsal Turizm, Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara
  • Aikaterini, G., Ioannis, S., & Thanasis, K. (2001). Is agrotourism ‘agro’or ‘tourism’? Evidence from agrotourist holdings in Lesvos, Greece. Anatolia, 12(1), 6-22.
  • Akgul, A. ve Cevik, O. (2005). İstatistiktiksel analiz teknikleri “spss’te işletme yönetimi uygulamaları”, Emek ofset, Ankara.
  • Akins, R. B., Tolson, H., & Cole, B. R. (2005). Stability of response characteristics of a Delphi panel: application of bootstrap data expansion. BMC medical research methodology, 5(1), 1-12.
  • Blancas, F. J., Lozano-Oyola, M., González, M., Guerrero, F. M., & Caballero, R. (2011). How to use sustainability indicators for tourism planning: The case of rural tourism in Andalusia (Spain). Science of the Total Environment, 412, 28-45.
  • Briedenhann, J., & Butts, S. (2006). Application of the Delphi technique to rural tourism project evaluation. Current Issues in Tourism, 9(2), 171-190.
  • Busby, G. ve Rendle, S. (2000). “The Transition From Tourism on Farms to Farm Tourism”, Tourism Management, 21(6),635-642.
  • Choi, H. C., & Sirakaya, E. (2006). Sustainability indicators for managing community tourism. Tourism management, 27(6), 1274-1289.
  • Dagdeviren, M.; Yavuz, S. ve Kilinc, N. (2009). Weapon Selection Using the AHP and TOPSİS Methods Under Fuzzy Environment, Expert Systems with Applications, 36, 8143-8151.
  • Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management science, 9(3), 458-467.
  • Deng, X., Hu, Y., Deng, Y., Mahadevan, S. (2014). Supplier selection using AHP methodology extended by D numbers, Expert Systems with Applications, 41, pp.156-167.
  • Dymond, S. J. (1997). Indicators of sustainable tourism in New Zealand: A local government perspective. Journal of sustainable tourism, 5(4), 279-293.
  • Fischer, R. G. (1978). The Delphi method: a description, review and criticism. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 4(2), 64-70.
  • Fusfeld, A. R., & Foster, R. N. (1971). The Delphi technique: Survey and comment: Essentials for corporate use. Business Horizons, 14(3), 63-74.
  • Gordean, R. S., Buzilă, N., & Dragotă, G. (2009). Agrotourism-a viable alternative of county development. Agricultural Management/Lucrari Stiintifice Seria I, Management Agricol, 11(4).
  • Green, B., Jones, M., Hughes, D., & Williams, A. (1999). Applying the Delphi technique in a study of GPs’ information requirements. Health & social care in the community, 7(3), 198-205.
  • Hasson, F., Keeney, S., & McKenna, H. (2000). Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique. Journal of advanced nursing, 32(4), 1008-1015.
  • Hsu, C. C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007). The Delphi technique: making sense of consensus. Practical assessment, research & evaluation, 12(10), 1-8.
  • Hung, H. L., Altschuld, J. W., & Lee, Y. F. (2008). Methodological and conceptual issues confronting a cross-country Delphi study of educational program evaluation. Evaluation and Program Planning, 31(2), 191-198.
  • Hunter, C., & Shaw, J. (2007). The ecological footprint as a key indicator of sustainable tourism. Tourism management, 28(1), 46-57.Iakovıdou, O., Emmanouılıdou, M., Stavrakas, T., Sımeonıdou, P., & Chrısostomıdıs, C. D. (2001). Trends of tourism market for agro-tourism. Anatolia, 12(2), 165-179.
  • Jolson, M. A., & Rossow, G. L. (1971). The Delphi process in marketing decision making. Journal of Marketing Research, 443-448.
  • Keeney, S., McKenna, H., & Hasson, F. (2011). The Delphi technique in nursing and health research. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Kilic, B., & Kurnaz, A. (2010). Alternative Tourism and Ecological Farms on Creating Diversification of Tourism Product: Example of Pastoral Valley. Journal of Business Research-Turk, 2(4), 39-56. (In Turkish)
  • Kizilaslan, N., & Tayfur, U., (2013). Determination of Rural Tourism Potential of Manisa Spil Mountain National Park, Gaziosmanpasa Journal of Scientific Research (7),10-29.(In Turkish)
  • Ko, J. T. (2001). Assessing progress of tourism sustainability. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(3), 817-820.
  • Kozak Akoglan, M. & Bahce, A. S. (2009). Özel İlgi Turizmi, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Landeta, J. (2006). Current validity of the Delphi method in social sciences. Technological forecasting and social change, 73(5), 467-482.
  • López, E. P., & García, F. J. C. (2006). Agrotourism, sustainable tourism and ultraperipheral areas: the case of Canary Islands. PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 4(1), 85-97.
  • Loughlin, K. G., & Moore, L. F. (1979). Using Delphi to achieve congruent objectives and activities in a pediatrics department. Academic Medicine, 54(2), 101-106.
  • McKenna, H. P. (1994). The Delphi technique: a worthwhile research approach for nursing?. Journal of advanced nursing, 19(6), 1221-1225.
  • Mearns, K. (2012). Lessons from the application of sustainability indicators to community-based ecotourism ventures in Southern Africa. African Journal of Business Management, 6(26):7851-7860.
  • Miller, G. (2001). The development of indicators for sustainable tourism: results of a Delphi survey of tourism researchers. Tourism management, 22(4), 351-362.
  • Möller, P.; M. Thulemark, Engström C. (2014). Rural tourism : an ınternational perspective (Edithor: Katherine Dashper). Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UNITED KINGDOM: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Newbold, P. (1995). İşletme ve İktisat için İstatistik (Çeviren: Ümit Şenesen), Literatür Yayıncılık.
  • ark, D. B., & Yoon, Y. S. (2011). Developing sustainable rural tourism evaluation indicators. International Journal of Tourism Research, 13(5), 401-415.
  • Phillip, S., Hunter, C., & Blackstock, K. (2010). A typology for defining agritourism. Tourism Management, 31(6), 754-758.
  • Procter, S., & Hunt, M. (1994). Using the Delphi survey technique to develop a professional definition of nursing for analysing nursing workload. Journal of advanced nursing, 19(5), 1003-1014.
  • Reed, M. S., Fraser, E. D., & Dougill, A. J. (2006). An adaptive learning process for developing and applying sustainability indicators with local communities. Ecological economics, 59(4), 406-418.
  • Saaty, T.L. (1986). Axiomatic Foundation of the Analytic Hierarchy Process”, Management Science. 32 (7), 841-855.
  • Saaty, T.L. (1990). How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48, 9-26.
  • Saaty, T.L. (1994). How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. Interfaces, 24 (6), 19-43.
  • Saaty, T.L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int. J. Services Sciences, 1 (1), 83-98.
  • Sarikamis, M. ve Bahar, O. (2013). Turizm, Yoksulluk ve Bölgesel Gelişmişlik Farklılıkları, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Sharpley, R. (2002). Rural tourism and the challenge of tourism diversification: the case of Cyprus. Tourism management, 23(3), 233-244.
  • Siow, M. L., Abidin, Z.Z., Nair, V., Ramachandran, S.& Shuid, A. (2011). Developing criteria and indicators for responsible rural tourism in Taman Negara National Park (TNNP), Malaysia, The Malaysian Forester, 74(2):143-156.
  • Skulmoski, G. J., Hartman, F. T., & Krahn, J. (2007). The Delphi method for graduate research. Journal of information technology education, 6,1.
  • Thangaratinam, S., & Redman, C. W. (2005). The delphi technique. The obstetrician & gynaecologist, 7(2), 120-125.
  • Tsaur, S. H., & Wang, C. H. (2007). The evaluation of sustainable tourism development by analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy set theory: An empirical study on the Green Island in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 12(2), 127-145.
  • Turoff, M., & Linstone, H. (2002). The Delphi method: Techniques and applications. Retrieved March.
  • Twining-Ward, L., & Butler, R. (2002). Implementing STD on a small island: Development and use of sustainable tourism development indicators in Samoa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(5), 363-387.
  • Van de Ven, A. H., & Delbecq, A. L. (1974). The effectiveness of nominal, Delphi, and interacting group decision making processes. Academy of management Journal, 17(4), 605-621.
  • Williams, P. L., & Webb, C. (1994). The Delphi technique: a methodological discussion. Journal of advanced nursing, 19(1), 180-186.
  • Woudenberg, F. (1991). An evaluation of Delphi. Technological forecasting and social change, 40(2), 131-150.
  • Yavuzaslanoglu, E., & Yavuz, M. (2012). Agritourism Potantial of Karaman. Journal of Social and Economic Research, 2012(1), 31-33.(In Turkish)
  • Zeliff, N., & Heldenbrand, S. (1993). What's being done in the international business curriculum. In Business Education Forum, 48(1): 23-25.

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 245 - 264, 30.04.2019

Ahmet Serhat Uludağ Evrim Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.454115

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ahipasaoglu , S. & Celtek, E. (2006). Sürdürülebilir Kırsal Turizm, Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara
  • Aikaterini, G., Ioannis, S., & Thanasis, K. (2001). Is agrotourism ‘agro’or ‘tourism’? Evidence from agrotourist holdings in Lesvos, Greece. Anatolia, 12(1), 6-22.
  • Akgul, A. ve Cevik, O. (2005). İstatistiktiksel analiz teknikleri “spss’te işletme yönetimi uygulamaları”, Emek ofset, Ankara.
  • Akins, R. B., Tolson, H., & Cole, B. R. (2005). Stability of response characteristics of a Delphi panel: application of bootstrap data expansion. BMC medical research methodology, 5(1), 1-12.
  • Blancas, F. J., Lozano-Oyola, M., González, M., Guerrero, F. M., & Caballero, R. (2011). How to use sustainability indicators for tourism planning: The case of rural tourism in Andalusia (Spain). Science of the Total Environment, 412, 28-45.
  • Briedenhann, J., & Butts, S. (2006). Application of the Delphi technique to rural tourism project evaluation. Current Issues in Tourism, 9(2), 171-190.
  • Busby, G. ve Rendle, S. (2000). “The Transition From Tourism on Farms to Farm Tourism”, Tourism Management, 21(6),635-642.
  • Choi, H. C., & Sirakaya, E. (2006). Sustainability indicators for managing community tourism. Tourism management, 27(6), 1274-1289.
  • Dagdeviren, M.; Yavuz, S. ve Kilinc, N. (2009). Weapon Selection Using the AHP and TOPSİS Methods Under Fuzzy Environment, Expert Systems with Applications, 36, 8143-8151.
  • Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management science, 9(3), 458-467.
  • Deng, X., Hu, Y., Deng, Y., Mahadevan, S. (2014). Supplier selection using AHP methodology extended by D numbers, Expert Systems with Applications, 41, pp.156-167.
  • Dymond, S. J. (1997). Indicators of sustainable tourism in New Zealand: A local government perspective. Journal of sustainable tourism, 5(4), 279-293.
  • Fischer, R. G. (1978). The Delphi method: a description, review and criticism. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 4(2), 64-70.
  • Fusfeld, A. R., & Foster, R. N. (1971). The Delphi technique: Survey and comment: Essentials for corporate use. Business Horizons, 14(3), 63-74.
  • Gordean, R. S., Buzilă, N., & Dragotă, G. (2009). Agrotourism-a viable alternative of county development. Agricultural Management/Lucrari Stiintifice Seria I, Management Agricol, 11(4).
  • Green, B., Jones, M., Hughes, D., & Williams, A. (1999). Applying the Delphi technique in a study of GPs’ information requirements. Health & social care in the community, 7(3), 198-205.
  • Hasson, F., Keeney, S., & McKenna, H. (2000). Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique. Journal of advanced nursing, 32(4), 1008-1015.
  • Hsu, C. C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007). The Delphi technique: making sense of consensus. Practical assessment, research & evaluation, 12(10), 1-8.
  • Hung, H. L., Altschuld, J. W., & Lee, Y. F. (2008). Methodological and conceptual issues confronting a cross-country Delphi study of educational program evaluation. Evaluation and Program Planning, 31(2), 191-198.
  • Hunter, C., & Shaw, J. (2007). The ecological footprint as a key indicator of sustainable tourism. Tourism management, 28(1), 46-57.Iakovıdou, O., Emmanouılıdou, M., Stavrakas, T., Sımeonıdou, P., & Chrısostomıdıs, C. D. (2001). Trends of tourism market for agro-tourism. Anatolia, 12(2), 165-179.
  • Jolson, M. A., & Rossow, G. L. (1971). The Delphi process in marketing decision making. Journal of Marketing Research, 443-448.
  • Keeney, S., McKenna, H., & Hasson, F. (2011). The Delphi technique in nursing and health research. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Kilic, B., & Kurnaz, A. (2010). Alternative Tourism and Ecological Farms on Creating Diversification of Tourism Product: Example of Pastoral Valley. Journal of Business Research-Turk, 2(4), 39-56. (In Turkish)
  • Kizilaslan, N., & Tayfur, U., (2013). Determination of Rural Tourism Potential of Manisa Spil Mountain National Park, Gaziosmanpasa Journal of Scientific Research (7),10-29.(In Turkish)
  • Ko, J. T. (2001). Assessing progress of tourism sustainability. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(3), 817-820.
  • Kozak Akoglan, M. & Bahce, A. S. (2009). Özel İlgi Turizmi, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Landeta, J. (2006). Current validity of the Delphi method in social sciences. Technological forecasting and social change, 73(5), 467-482.
  • López, E. P., & García, F. J. C. (2006). Agrotourism, sustainable tourism and ultraperipheral areas: the case of Canary Islands. PASOS. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 4(1), 85-97.
  • Loughlin, K. G., & Moore, L. F. (1979). Using Delphi to achieve congruent objectives and activities in a pediatrics department. Academic Medicine, 54(2), 101-106.
  • McKenna, H. P. (1994). The Delphi technique: a worthwhile research approach for nursing?. Journal of advanced nursing, 19(6), 1221-1225.
  • Mearns, K. (2012). Lessons from the application of sustainability indicators to community-based ecotourism ventures in Southern Africa. African Journal of Business Management, 6(26):7851-7860.
  • Miller, G. (2001). The development of indicators for sustainable tourism: results of a Delphi survey of tourism researchers. Tourism management, 22(4), 351-362.
  • Möller, P.; M. Thulemark, Engström C. (2014). Rural tourism : an ınternational perspective (Edithor: Katherine Dashper). Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UNITED KINGDOM: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Newbold, P. (1995). İşletme ve İktisat için İstatistik (Çeviren: Ümit Şenesen), Literatür Yayıncılık.
  • ark, D. B., & Yoon, Y. S. (2011). Developing sustainable rural tourism evaluation indicators. International Journal of Tourism Research, 13(5), 401-415.
  • Phillip, S., Hunter, C., & Blackstock, K. (2010). A typology for defining agritourism. Tourism Management, 31(6), 754-758.
  • Procter, S., & Hunt, M. (1994). Using the Delphi survey technique to develop a professional definition of nursing for analysing nursing workload. Journal of advanced nursing, 19(5), 1003-1014.
  • Reed, M. S., Fraser, E. D., & Dougill, A. J. (2006). An adaptive learning process for developing and applying sustainability indicators with local communities. Ecological economics, 59(4), 406-418.
  • Saaty, T.L. (1986). Axiomatic Foundation of the Analytic Hierarchy Process”, Management Science. 32 (7), 841-855.
  • Saaty, T.L. (1990). How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48, 9-26.
  • Saaty, T.L. (1994). How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. Interfaces, 24 (6), 19-43.
  • Saaty, T.L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int. J. Services Sciences, 1 (1), 83-98.
  • Sarikamis, M. ve Bahar, O. (2013). Turizm, Yoksulluk ve Bölgesel Gelişmişlik Farklılıkları, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Sharpley, R. (2002). Rural tourism and the challenge of tourism diversification: the case of Cyprus. Tourism management, 23(3), 233-244.
  • Siow, M. L., Abidin, Z.Z., Nair, V., Ramachandran, S.& Shuid, A. (2011). Developing criteria and indicators for responsible rural tourism in Taman Negara National Park (TNNP), Malaysia, The Malaysian Forester, 74(2):143-156.
  • Skulmoski, G. J., Hartman, F. T., & Krahn, J. (2007). The Delphi method for graduate research. Journal of information technology education, 6,1.
  • Thangaratinam, S., & Redman, C. W. (2005). The delphi technique. The obstetrician & gynaecologist, 7(2), 120-125.
  • Tsaur, S. H., & Wang, C. H. (2007). The evaluation of sustainable tourism development by analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy set theory: An empirical study on the Green Island in Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 12(2), 127-145.
  • Turoff, M., & Linstone, H. (2002). The Delphi method: Techniques and applications. Retrieved March.
  • Twining-Ward, L., & Butler, R. (2002). Implementing STD on a small island: Development and use of sustainable tourism development indicators in Samoa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(5), 363-387.
  • Van de Ven, A. H., & Delbecq, A. L. (1974). The effectiveness of nominal, Delphi, and interacting group decision making processes. Academy of management Journal, 17(4), 605-621.
  • Williams, P. L., & Webb, C. (1994). The Delphi technique: a methodological discussion. Journal of advanced nursing, 19(1), 180-186.
  • Woudenberg, F. (1991). An evaluation of Delphi. Technological forecasting and social change, 40(2), 131-150.
  • Yavuzaslanoglu, E., & Yavuz, M. (2012). Agritourism Potantial of Karaman. Journal of Social and Economic Research, 2012(1), 31-33.(In Turkish)
  • Zeliff, N., & Heldenbrand, S. (1993). What's being done in the international business curriculum. In Business Education Forum, 48(1): 23-25.
Toplam 55 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ahmet Serhat Uludağ 0000-0002-0058-2384

Evrim Erdoğan Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8689-4137

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2019
Kabul Tarihi 18 Mart 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Uludağ, A. S., & Erdoğan, E. (2019). Determination of the evaluation criteria for agritourism via delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods: a case study in Turkey. Ege Academic Review, 19(2), 245-264. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.454115
AMA Uludağ AS, Erdoğan E. Determination of the evaluation criteria for agritourism via delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods: a case study in Turkey. eab. Nisan 2019;19(2):245-264. doi:10.21121/eab.454115
Chicago Uludağ, Ahmet Serhat, ve Evrim Erdoğan. “Determination of the Evaluation Criteria for Agritourism via Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process Methods: A Case Study in Turkey”. Ege Academic Review 19, sy. 2 (Nisan 2019): 245-64. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.454115.
EndNote Uludağ AS, Erdoğan E (01 Nisan 2019) Determination of the evaluation criteria for agritourism via delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods: a case study in Turkey. Ege Academic Review 19 2 245–264.
IEEE A. S. Uludağ ve E. Erdoğan, “Determination of the evaluation criteria for agritourism via delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods: a case study in Turkey”, eab, c. 19, sy. 2, ss. 245–264, 2019, doi: 10.21121/eab.454115.
ISNAD Uludağ, Ahmet Serhat - Erdoğan, Evrim. “Determination of the Evaluation Criteria for Agritourism via Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process Methods: A Case Study in Turkey”. Ege Academic Review 19/2 (Nisan 2019), 245-264. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.454115.
JAMA Uludağ AS, Erdoğan E. Determination of the evaluation criteria for agritourism via delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods: a case study in Turkey. eab. 2019;19:245–264.
MLA Uludağ, Ahmet Serhat ve Evrim Erdoğan. “Determination of the Evaluation Criteria for Agritourism via Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process Methods: A Case Study in Turkey”. Ege Academic Review, c. 19, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 245-64, doi:10.21121/eab.454115.
Vancouver Uludağ AS, Erdoğan E. Determination of the evaluation criteria for agritourism via delphi and analytic hierarchy process methods: a case study in Turkey. eab. 2019;19(2):245-64.
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