Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 175 - 181, 04.08.2023
Öz
Besin güvensizliği, kaynakların yetersizliği nedeniyle güvenli ve sağlıklı yiyeceklerin bulunamaması veya bunlara erişimin olmaması durumudur. Beslenme ile ilgili bir faktör olan besin güvensizliği aynı zamanda obezite ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada üniversite çalışanlarında besin güvensizliği ve obezite ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Ocak 2020- Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında bir vakıf üniversitesinde 142 idari personel ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, Hane Halkı Besine Ulaşılabilirlik Ölçeği- Kısa Formu (HFSSM-SF) ile toplanmış ve antropometrik ölçümlerin yanı sıra sosyo-demografik özellikleri kaydedilmiştir. Katılımcıların %39.4’ünün fazla kilolu ve %21.8’inin obez olduğu saptanmıştır. %64.1'i besin güvencesine sahiptir ve %35.9'u besin güvensizliği yaşamaktadır. Beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) sınıfı veya bel çevresi sınıfları ile hem besine ulaşım düzeyleri hem de besin güvencesi durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Beden kütle indeksi (kg/m2) ile HFFSM-SF skoru arasında zayıf derecede anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki vardır (r=0.219,p=0.009). Katılımcıların besine ulaşamama riski arttıkça BKİ değerinin de arttığı görülmüştür. Çalışanların HFSSM-SF ile toplanan verilere göre yaklaşık olarak her üçünden birinin besin güvensizliği yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. Besin güvensizliği ile ilgili gerekli incelemeler ve ileride yapılacak çalışmalarla birlikte besin güvensizliğinin önlenmesine katkı sağlayacak politikaların geliştirilmesi büyük önem arz etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Farrell P, Thow AM, Abimbola S, Faruqui N, Negin J. How food insecurity could lead to obesity in LMICs. Health Promotion International 2018;33(5):812-826.
- Chapter 2. Food security: concepts and measurement[21]. Fao.org. Published 2015. Available at: http://www.fao.org/3/y4671e/y4671e06.htm (Accessed February 11,2021)
- 2020 - Global Report on Food Crises | World Food Programme. www.wfp.org. Available at:https://www.wfp.org/publications/2020-global-report-food-crises(Accessed February 11, 2021)
- Hernandez DC, Reesor L, Murillo R. Gender Disparities in the Food Insecurity–Overweight and Food Insecurity–Obesity Paradox among Low-Income Older Adults. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2017;117(7):1087-1096.
- Nikniaz L, Tabrizi JS, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Farahbakhsh M, Nikniaz Z. Food insecurity increases the odds of obesity among Iranian women: A population-based study of northwestern Iran. Nutrition & Dietetics 2017;74(5):454-459.
- Pan L, Sherry B, Njai R, Blanck HM. Food Insecurity Is Associated with Obesity among U.S. Adults in 12 States. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2012;112(9):1403-1409.
- Kowaleski-Jones L, Wen M, Fan JX. Unpacking the paradox: testing for mechanisms in the food insecurity and BMI association. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2019;14(5):683-697.
- FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO; 2020.
- Dietz WH. Does Hunger Cause Obesity? Pediatrics 1995;95(5):766-767.
- Food Insecurity | Healthy People 2020. www.healthypeople.gov. Accessed January 11, 2022. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/social-determinants-health/interventions-resources/food-insecurity#11
- Brown A, Reynolds R, Denison F. Healthy weight in pregnancy: time for a shift in approach? BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (published online) 2019 April29
- Zhou, B., Lu, Y.Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Di Cesare, M., Danaei, G., et al. "Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4· 4 million participants." The lancet 387.10027 2016; 1513-1530
- Vedovato GM, Surkan PJ, Jones-Smith J, et al. Food insecurity, overweight and obesity among low-income African-American families in Baltimore City: Associations with food-related perceptions. Public Health Nutrition2016;19(8):1405-1416.
- Darmon N, Drewnowski A. Contribution of food prices and diet cost to socioeconomic disparities in diet quality and health: A systematic review and analysis. Nutrition Reviews 2015;73(10):643-660.
- Zein A El, Colby SE, Zhou W, et al. Food insecurity is associated with increased risk of obesity in U.S. college students. Current Developments in Nutrition 2020;4(8):1-10.
- Li Y, Rosenthal SR. Food Insecurity and Obesity among US Young Adults: The Moderating Role of Biological Sex and the Mediating Role of Diet Healthfulness. Public Health Nutrition. (Published online) November 13, 2020; 1-21.
- Leung CW, Wolfson JA, Lahne J, Barry MR, Kasper N, Cohen AJ. Associations between Food Security Status and Diet-Related Outcomes among Students at a Large, Public Midwestern University. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2019;119(10):1623-1631.
- World Health Organization. Physical activity. www.who.int. Available at: https://www.who.int/initiatives/behealthy/physical-activity (Accessed January 25, 2021)
- USDA. U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form Economic Research Service. Available at: https://www.ers.usda.gov/media/8282/short2012.pdf(Accessed January 25, 2021)
- Em O, Onsuz MF, Met S, et al. Evaluation of validity-reliability of Turkish version of the household food security survey short form. Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine2017;8(Suplement 4).
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Defining Adult Overweight and Obesity. Published September 17, 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/defining.html (Accessed January 25, 2021)
- World Health Organisation (WHO). Waist Circumference and Waist–Hip Ratio. Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Geneva, PublishedDecember 8-11, 2008. Available at: http://www.who.int (Accessed January 25, 2021)
- City S, Bittencourt LDS, Maria S, et al. Factors associated with food insecurity in households of public school students of Salvador City, Bahia, Brazil.Journal of health, population, and nutrition 2013;31(4):471-479.
- Tabrizi JS, Nikniaz L, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Farahbakhsh M, Nikniaz Z. Socio-demographic determinants of household food insecurity among Iranian: A population-based study from northwest of Iran. Iranian journal of public health 2018;47(6):893-900.
- Birhane T, Shiferaw S, Hagos S, Mohindra KS. Urban food insecurity in the context of high food prices: A community based cross sectional study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2014;14(1):1-8.
- COSTA BV de L, HORTA PM, RAMOS SA. Food insecurity and overweight among government-backed economy restaurant workers. Revista de Nutrição 2019;32.
- Vilar-Compte M, Burrola-Méndez S, Lozano-Marrufo A, et al. Urban poverty and nutrition challenges associated with accessibility to a healthy diet: a global systematic literature review. International Journal for Equity in Health. 2021;20(1).
- Van Der Velde LA, Nyns CJ, Engel MD, et al. Exploring food insecurity and obesity in Dutch disadvantaged neighborhoods: A cross-sectional mediation analysis. BMC Public Health 2020;20(1):1-12.
- Tsai J, Rosenheck RA. Obesity among chronically homeless adults: Is it a problem? Public Health Reports2019;128(1):6.
- Mohamadpour M, Mohd Sharif Z, Avakh Keysami M. Food Insecurity, Health and nutritional status among sample of Palm-Plantation households in Malaysia. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition.2012;30(3):291-302.
- Poulsen MN, Bailey-Davis L, Pollak J, Hirsch AG, Schwartz BS. Household Food Insecurity and Home Food Availability in Relation to Youth Diet, Body Mass Index, and Adiposity. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2019;119(10):1666-1675.
- Helmick M, Smith TM, Parks CA, Hill J.L. Food insecurity increases odds of diabetes and hypertension, not obesity in medically underserved region. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2020;15(1):128-139.
- Robaina KA, Martin KS. Food Insecurity, Poor Diet Quality, and Obesity among Food Pantry Participants in Hartford, CT. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior2013;45(2):159-164.
- Cook JT, Black M, Chilton M, et al. Are food insecurity's health impacts underestimated in the U.S. population? Marginal food security also predicts adverse health outcomes in young U.S. children and mothers. Advances in Nutrition 2013;4(1):51-61.
- Domingo A, Spiegel J, Guhn M, et al. Predictors of household food insecurity and relationship with obesity in First Nations communities in British Columbia, Manitoba, Alberta and Ontario. Public Health Nutrition(Published online) 2020; 1-13.
- Caswell JA, Yaktine AL, Committee on Examination of the Adequacy of Food Resources and SNAP Allotments, et al. History, Background, and Goals of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. Nih.gov. Published April 23, 2013. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK206907/ (Accessed February 19, 2021)
- Murthy VH. Food insecurity: A public health issue. Public Health Reports 2016;131(5):655-657.
- TEFAP Fact Sheet | USDA-FNS. Usda.gov. Published 2019. Available at: https://www.fns.usda.gov/tefap/tefap-fact-sheet (Accessed Fabruary 19, 2021)
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD INSECURITY AND OBESITY IN UNIVERSITY EMPLOYEES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Öz
Food insecurity is the lack of availability or access to safe and healthy food due to limited resources and is a nutritional factor associated with obesity. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between food insecurity and obesity in university employees. This study was conducted among 142 administrative employees of a private university between January 2020 and October 2020. Data was collected with Household Food Security Survey Module-Short Form (HFSSM-SF), and anthropometric measurements and socio-demographic characteristics were recorded. Of the participants 39.4% were overweight, and 21.8% were obese. 64.1% of the individuals were food secure, and 35.9% were food insecure. There was no statistically significant relationship between body mass index (BMI) classes or waist circumference (WC) categories and both food accessibility levels and food security status (p>0.05). A weak significant positive relationship existed between the BMI (kg/m2) and HFFSM-SF scores (r=0.219,p=0.009). As the risk of inaccessibility of food increased, the BMI of the participants increased. According to the data collected with the HFSSM-SF, it has been determined approximately one-third of the employees experience food insecurity. It is crucial to develop policies that will contribute to preventing food insecurity with the necessary investigations and future studies.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Farrell P, Thow AM, Abimbola S, Faruqui N, Negin J. How food insecurity could lead to obesity in LMICs. Health Promotion International 2018;33(5):812-826.
- Chapter 2. Food security: concepts and measurement[21]. Fao.org. Published 2015. Available at: http://www.fao.org/3/y4671e/y4671e06.htm (Accessed February 11,2021)
- 2020 - Global Report on Food Crises | World Food Programme. www.wfp.org. Available at:https://www.wfp.org/publications/2020-global-report-food-crises(Accessed February 11, 2021)
- Hernandez DC, Reesor L, Murillo R. Gender Disparities in the Food Insecurity–Overweight and Food Insecurity–Obesity Paradox among Low-Income Older Adults. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2017;117(7):1087-1096.
- Nikniaz L, Tabrizi JS, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Farahbakhsh M, Nikniaz Z. Food insecurity increases the odds of obesity among Iranian women: A population-based study of northwestern Iran. Nutrition & Dietetics 2017;74(5):454-459.
- Pan L, Sherry B, Njai R, Blanck HM. Food Insecurity Is Associated with Obesity among U.S. Adults in 12 States. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2012;112(9):1403-1409.
- Kowaleski-Jones L, Wen M, Fan JX. Unpacking the paradox: testing for mechanisms in the food insecurity and BMI association. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2019;14(5):683-697.
- FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO; 2020.
- Dietz WH. Does Hunger Cause Obesity? Pediatrics 1995;95(5):766-767.
- Food Insecurity | Healthy People 2020. www.healthypeople.gov. Accessed January 11, 2022. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/social-determinants-health/interventions-resources/food-insecurity#11
- Brown A, Reynolds R, Denison F. Healthy weight in pregnancy: time for a shift in approach? BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (published online) 2019 April29
- Zhou, B., Lu, Y.Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Di Cesare, M., Danaei, G., et al. "Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4· 4 million participants." The lancet 387.10027 2016; 1513-1530
- Vedovato GM, Surkan PJ, Jones-Smith J, et al. Food insecurity, overweight and obesity among low-income African-American families in Baltimore City: Associations with food-related perceptions. Public Health Nutrition2016;19(8):1405-1416.
- Darmon N, Drewnowski A. Contribution of food prices and diet cost to socioeconomic disparities in diet quality and health: A systematic review and analysis. Nutrition Reviews 2015;73(10):643-660.
- Zein A El, Colby SE, Zhou W, et al. Food insecurity is associated with increased risk of obesity in U.S. college students. Current Developments in Nutrition 2020;4(8):1-10.
- Li Y, Rosenthal SR. Food Insecurity and Obesity among US Young Adults: The Moderating Role of Biological Sex and the Mediating Role of Diet Healthfulness. Public Health Nutrition. (Published online) November 13, 2020; 1-21.
- Leung CW, Wolfson JA, Lahne J, Barry MR, Kasper N, Cohen AJ. Associations between Food Security Status and Diet-Related Outcomes among Students at a Large, Public Midwestern University. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2019;119(10):1623-1631.
- World Health Organization. Physical activity. www.who.int. Available at: https://www.who.int/initiatives/behealthy/physical-activity (Accessed January 25, 2021)
- USDA. U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form Economic Research Service. Available at: https://www.ers.usda.gov/media/8282/short2012.pdf(Accessed January 25, 2021)
- Em O, Onsuz MF, Met S, et al. Evaluation of validity-reliability of Turkish version of the household food security survey short form. Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine2017;8(Suplement 4).
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Defining Adult Overweight and Obesity. Published September 17, 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/defining.html (Accessed January 25, 2021)
- World Health Organisation (WHO). Waist Circumference and Waist–Hip Ratio. Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Geneva, PublishedDecember 8-11, 2008. Available at: http://www.who.int (Accessed January 25, 2021)
- City S, Bittencourt LDS, Maria S, et al. Factors associated with food insecurity in households of public school students of Salvador City, Bahia, Brazil.Journal of health, population, and nutrition 2013;31(4):471-479.
- Tabrizi JS, Nikniaz L, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Farahbakhsh M, Nikniaz Z. Socio-demographic determinants of household food insecurity among Iranian: A population-based study from northwest of Iran. Iranian journal of public health 2018;47(6):893-900.
- Birhane T, Shiferaw S, Hagos S, Mohindra KS. Urban food insecurity in the context of high food prices: A community based cross sectional study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2014;14(1):1-8.
- COSTA BV de L, HORTA PM, RAMOS SA. Food insecurity and overweight among government-backed economy restaurant workers. Revista de Nutrição 2019;32.
- Vilar-Compte M, Burrola-Méndez S, Lozano-Marrufo A, et al. Urban poverty and nutrition challenges associated with accessibility to a healthy diet: a global systematic literature review. International Journal for Equity in Health. 2021;20(1).
- Van Der Velde LA, Nyns CJ, Engel MD, et al. Exploring food insecurity and obesity in Dutch disadvantaged neighborhoods: A cross-sectional mediation analysis. BMC Public Health 2020;20(1):1-12.
- Tsai J, Rosenheck RA. Obesity among chronically homeless adults: Is it a problem? Public Health Reports2019;128(1):6.
- Mohamadpour M, Mohd Sharif Z, Avakh Keysami M. Food Insecurity, Health and nutritional status among sample of Palm-Plantation households in Malaysia. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition.2012;30(3):291-302.
- Poulsen MN, Bailey-Davis L, Pollak J, Hirsch AG, Schwartz BS. Household Food Insecurity and Home Food Availability in Relation to Youth Diet, Body Mass Index, and Adiposity. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2019;119(10):1666-1675.
- Helmick M, Smith TM, Parks CA, Hill J.L. Food insecurity increases odds of diabetes and hypertension, not obesity in medically underserved region. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2020;15(1):128-139.
- Robaina KA, Martin KS. Food Insecurity, Poor Diet Quality, and Obesity among Food Pantry Participants in Hartford, CT. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior2013;45(2):159-164.
- Cook JT, Black M, Chilton M, et al. Are food insecurity's health impacts underestimated in the U.S. population? Marginal food security also predicts adverse health outcomes in young U.S. children and mothers. Advances in Nutrition 2013;4(1):51-61.
- Domingo A, Spiegel J, Guhn M, et al. Predictors of household food insecurity and relationship with obesity in First Nations communities in British Columbia, Manitoba, Alberta and Ontario. Public Health Nutrition(Published online) 2020; 1-13.
- Caswell JA, Yaktine AL, Committee on Examination of the Adequacy of Food Resources and SNAP Allotments, et al. History, Background, and Goals of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. Nih.gov. Published April 23, 2013. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK206907/ (Accessed February 19, 2021)
- Murthy VH. Food insecurity: A public health issue. Public Health Reports 2016;131(5):655-657.
- TEFAP Fact Sheet | USDA-FNS. Usda.gov. Published 2019. Available at: https://www.fns.usda.gov/tefap/tefap-fact-sheet (Accessed Fabruary 19, 2021)
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Beslenme ve Diyetetik |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 3 Ağustos 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 4 Ağustos 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 11 Temmuz 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2 |
