Öz
Amaç:Çalışmamızda üniversite öğrencilerinde televizyon, bilgisayar ve cep telefonu kullanım sürelerinin depresyon ve uyku sorunu yaşamaya etkisinin olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır.
Hastalar ve Yöntem:Çalışma tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Çalışma, 01/05/2017-01/10/2017 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın evrenini, bir üniversitenin tıp fakültesi (n:61), sağlık yüksekokulu (n:236) ve sağlık meslek yüksekokulunda (n:251) okuyan toplam 548 birinci sınıf öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, literatür taraması ile oluşturulan anket formu ve Beck Depresyon Ölçeği aracılığı ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular:Bilgisayar ve televizyon kullanım süresi ile uyku sorunu yaşama ve Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ortalamaları arasında bir ilişki bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Cep telefonunu 1 yıldan fazla kullananlar ile günde 3 saat ve üstü kullananların uyku sorunu yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Cep telefonunu günde 3 saat ve üstü kullananların Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ortalamalarının 3 saatten az kullananlara göre daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05).
Sonuç:Cep telefonu kullanım süresinin fazla olması radyasyon maruziyetini arttırmaktadır. Bu durum üniversite öğrencilerinde depresif belirtilerin artmasına ve uyku sorunu yaşamalarına neden olmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Öğrenciler Radyasyon Cep telefonu Uyku bozuklukları Depresyon
Kaynakça
- 1-Bolus NE. Basic review of radiation biology and terminology. J Nucl Med Technol 2001; 29: 67-73.
- 2- Brenner DJ, Doll R, Goodhead DT, Hall EJ, Land CE, Little JB et al. Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: assessing what we really know. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 13761–13766.
- 3- Türkkan A, Pala K. Çok düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik radyasyon ve sağlık etkileri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 2009;14(2).
- 4-Matthes R. Non-Ionizing Radiation, Austria, ICNIRP–1/96, 1996.
- 5-Bülbül S, Kurt G, Ünlü E, Kırlı E. Adolesanlarda uyku sorunları ve etkileyen faktörler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2010; 53: 204-10.
- 6- Antkiewicz-Michaluk L, Wąsik A, Możdżeń E, Romańska I, Michaluk J. Antidepressant-like Effect of Tetrahydroisoquinoline Amines in the Animal Model of Depressive Disorder Induced by Repeated Administration of a Low Dose of Reserpine: Behavioral and Neurochemical Studies in the Rat. Neurotox Res 2014; 26: 85–98.
- 7-Hossmann KA, Hermann DM. Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of Mobile Phones on the Central Nervous System. Bioelectromagnetics 2003; 24: 49–62.
- 8-D'Andrea JA, Chou CK, Johnston SA, Adair ER. Microwave Effects on the Nervous System. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement 2003; 6: 107 – 47.
- 9- Loughran SP, Wood AW, Barton JM, Croft RJ, Thompson B, Stough C. The effect of electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones on human sleep. Neuroreport 2005; 16(17): 1973-6.
- 10-Polk C, Postow E. Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. (2nd ed) Florida, USA, CRC Press, 1996.
- 11-Mitchell CL, McRee DI, Peterson NJ, Tilson HA. Some behavioral effects of short term exposure of rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 1998; 9: 259–68.
- 12-Raslear TG, Akyel Y, SerafInI R, Bates F, Belt M. Memory consolidation in the rat following high-power microwave iradiation, Proceedings of the 13th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 1991: 13; 958.
- 13-Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Afocfc J, Erbaugh J. An inventory far measurtng depressîon. Arcieves of General Psychtatry 1961: 4; 561-71.
- 14-Hisli N: Beck Depresyon Envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği, güvenirliği. Psikoloji Dergisi 1989; 23: 3-13.
- 15-Thomée S, Dellve L, Härenstam A, Hagberg M. Perceived connections between information and communication technology use and mental symptoms among young adults - a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2010; 10: 66.
- 16-Tamura H, Nishida T, Tsuji A, Sakakibara H. Association between Excessive Use of Mobile Phone and Insomnia and Depression among Japanese Adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017; 14: 701.
- 17-Zheng F, Gao P, He M, Li M, Tan J, Chen D et al. Association between mobile phone use and self-reported well-being in children: a questionnaire-based crosssectional study in Chongqing, China. BMJ Open 2015; 5: e007302.
- 18-Yadav P, Banwari G, Parmar C, Maniar R. Internet addiction and its correlates among high school students: A preliminary study from Ahmedabad, India. Asian J. Psychiatry 2013; 6: 500–05.
- 19-Kormas G, Critselis E, Janikian, M, Kafetzis D, Tsitsika A. Risk factors and psychosocial characteristics of potential problematic and problematic internet use among adolescents: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2011; 11: 595.
- 20-The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Gakko Ni Okeru Keitai Denwa No. Toriatsukai To Ni Tsuite; The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology: Tokyo, Japan, 2009.
- 21-Martin LP. Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression .Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 2016; 43-51.
- 22-Bolt MA, Helming LM, Tintle NL. The Associations between Self-Reported Exposure to the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Zone and Mental. Health Disorders in Ukraine.Frontiers in Psychiatry 2018; 9(32).
- 23-Gahrouei DS, Karbalae M, Moradi H, Ghahfarokhi MB. Health effects of living near mobile phone base transceiver station (BTS) antennae: a report from Isfahan, Iran. Electromagn Biol Med 2014; 33(3): 206–10.
- 24-Kowall B, Breckenkamp J, Blettner M, Schlehofer B, Schüz J, Beckhoff GB. Determinants and stability over time of perception of health risks related to mobile phone base stations. Int J Public Health 2012; 57: 735–74.
- 25-Hassoy H, Durusoy R, Karababa AO. Baz istasyonlarının olası sağlık etkilerine ilişkin bir güncelleme. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Dergisi 2012; 10(3).
Öz
Purpose:The university students, televisions, computers and mobile phones have investigated whether there is an effect of their lifetime to experience depression and sleep problems.
Patients and Methods:The study is descriptive. The study was conducted between 01/05/2017-01/10/2017. The student\'s universe consists of a total of 548 first-year students studying at a university faculty of medicine (n: 61), health college (n: 236) and health vocational college (n: 251). The data were collected through a questionnaire prepared by literature search and the Beck Depression Scale.
Results:There was no correlation between the duration of computer and television use and the sleep problems and Beck Depression Scale averages (p> 0.05). We determined that those who use mobile phone for more than 1 year and those who use 3 hours or more per day have a sleep problem (p <0.05). We found that those who use mobile phone more than 3 hours a day are higher than those who use less than 3 hours average of Beck Depression Scale (p <0.05).
Conclusion:Excessive use of mobile phones increases radiation exposure. This situation leads to an increase in depressive symptoms and to a sleeping problem in university students.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Students Radiation Cell Phone Sleep Wake Disorders Depression
Kaynakça
- 1-Bolus NE. Basic review of radiation biology and terminology. J Nucl Med Technol 2001; 29: 67-73.
- 2- Brenner DJ, Doll R, Goodhead DT, Hall EJ, Land CE, Little JB et al. Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: assessing what we really know. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 13761–13766.
- 3- Türkkan A, Pala K. Çok düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik radyasyon ve sağlık etkileri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 2009;14(2).
- 4-Matthes R. Non-Ionizing Radiation, Austria, ICNIRP–1/96, 1996.
- 5-Bülbül S, Kurt G, Ünlü E, Kırlı E. Adolesanlarda uyku sorunları ve etkileyen faktörler. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2010; 53: 204-10.
- 6- Antkiewicz-Michaluk L, Wąsik A, Możdżeń E, Romańska I, Michaluk J. Antidepressant-like Effect of Tetrahydroisoquinoline Amines in the Animal Model of Depressive Disorder Induced by Repeated Administration of a Low Dose of Reserpine: Behavioral and Neurochemical Studies in the Rat. Neurotox Res 2014; 26: 85–98.
- 7-Hossmann KA, Hermann DM. Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of Mobile Phones on the Central Nervous System. Bioelectromagnetics 2003; 24: 49–62.
- 8-D'Andrea JA, Chou CK, Johnston SA, Adair ER. Microwave Effects on the Nervous System. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement 2003; 6: 107 – 47.
- 9- Loughran SP, Wood AW, Barton JM, Croft RJ, Thompson B, Stough C. The effect of electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones on human sleep. Neuroreport 2005; 16(17): 1973-6.
- 10-Polk C, Postow E. Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. (2nd ed) Florida, USA, CRC Press, 1996.
- 11-Mitchell CL, McRee DI, Peterson NJ, Tilson HA. Some behavioral effects of short term exposure of rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation. Bioelectromagnetics 1998; 9: 259–68.
- 12-Raslear TG, Akyel Y, SerafInI R, Bates F, Belt M. Memory consolidation in the rat following high-power microwave iradiation, Proceedings of the 13th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 1991: 13; 958.
- 13-Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Afocfc J, Erbaugh J. An inventory far measurtng depressîon. Arcieves of General Psychtatry 1961: 4; 561-71.
- 14-Hisli N: Beck Depresyon Envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği, güvenirliği. Psikoloji Dergisi 1989; 23: 3-13.
- 15-Thomée S, Dellve L, Härenstam A, Hagberg M. Perceived connections between information and communication technology use and mental symptoms among young adults - a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2010; 10: 66.
- 16-Tamura H, Nishida T, Tsuji A, Sakakibara H. Association between Excessive Use of Mobile Phone and Insomnia and Depression among Japanese Adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017; 14: 701.
- 17-Zheng F, Gao P, He M, Li M, Tan J, Chen D et al. Association between mobile phone use and self-reported well-being in children: a questionnaire-based crosssectional study in Chongqing, China. BMJ Open 2015; 5: e007302.
- 18-Yadav P, Banwari G, Parmar C, Maniar R. Internet addiction and its correlates among high school students: A preliminary study from Ahmedabad, India. Asian J. Psychiatry 2013; 6: 500–05.
- 19-Kormas G, Critselis E, Janikian, M, Kafetzis D, Tsitsika A. Risk factors and psychosocial characteristics of potential problematic and problematic internet use among adolescents: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2011; 11: 595.
- 20-The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Gakko Ni Okeru Keitai Denwa No. Toriatsukai To Ni Tsuite; The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology: Tokyo, Japan, 2009.
- 21-Martin LP. Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression .Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 2016; 43-51.
- 22-Bolt MA, Helming LM, Tintle NL. The Associations between Self-Reported Exposure to the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Zone and Mental. Health Disorders in Ukraine.Frontiers in Psychiatry 2018; 9(32).
- 23-Gahrouei DS, Karbalae M, Moradi H, Ghahfarokhi MB. Health effects of living near mobile phone base transceiver station (BTS) antennae: a report from Isfahan, Iran. Electromagn Biol Med 2014; 33(3): 206–10.
- 24-Kowall B, Breckenkamp J, Blettner M, Schlehofer B, Schüz J, Beckhoff GB. Determinants and stability over time of perception of health risks related to mobile phone base stations. Int J Public Health 2012; 57: 735–74.
- 25-Hassoy H, Durusoy R, Karababa AO. Baz istasyonlarının olası sağlık etkilerine ilişkin bir güncelleme. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Dergisi 2012; 10(3).
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Nisan 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 5 Ağustos 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2 |
