Öz
Aim: Ethanol causes testicular atrophy, loss in germ cells,decrease in sperm production, decrease in the radius of seminiferous tubule lines and decrease in the testicular weight. Ethanol use in pregnancy also causes teratogenic effects in fetus by degenerating reproductive functions both in males and females. The aim of this study is to examine the testicular changes in rats which are applied ethanol in utero. Method: 2 experimental groups were used: 1 Control group 2 Alcohol group. Alcohol group was given liquid containing 30% ethanol beginning from the 14th gestational day until birth. Testicular samples were obtained from 0, 15, 30 and 90-day-old offsprings of mother rats in experiment and control groups. Sections were administered routine paraffin method and stained with Masson’s trichrome for morphologic examination. Result: As in alcohol neonatal group some disorders in seminiferous tubules were observed, a degeneration in seminiferous tubules and decrease in spermatogenic cell series were observed related with the time. In alcohol neonatal and postnatal 15 days group mesenchymal tissue, in postnatal 30 days and 90 days groups the interstitiel tissue were observed to be more. Conclusion: As a result in utero ethanol administration cause severe degeneration in the spermatogenic cell series in the seminiferous tubules of the male offsprings. Related to this, in utero ethanol causes infertility by decreasing the number of cells in spermatogenic series and testicular atrophy in males.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Robinson LLL, Gaskell TL, Saunders PTK Anderson AA. Germ cell specifi c expression of c-kit in the human fetal gonad. Mol Hum Repro 2001;7: 845–852.
- Jarvis S, Elliott D J, Morgan D, Winston R and Readhead C. Molecular markers for the assessment of postnatal male germ cell development in the mouse. Hum Repro 2005;20–1:108–116.
- Ginsberg M, Snow MH and McLaren A. Primordial germ cell in the mouse embryo during gastrulation. Development 1990;110:521-528.
- El Sokary GH. Quantitative study on the eff ects of chronic ethanol administration on the testis of adult male rat. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2001;22:93– 99.
- Udani M, Parker S, Gavaler J, Van Thiel DH. Eff ects of in utero exposure to alcohol upon male rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1995;Jul-Aug;9(4):355–9.
- Wilson ME and Handa RJ. Gonadotropin Secretion in Infantile Rats Exposed to Ethanol In Utero. Alcohol 1997; 14: 497–501.
- Orth JM, Mc Guiness MP, Qiu J, Jester WF Jr and Li LH. Use of in vitro systems to study male germ cell development in neonatal rats. Theriogenelogy 1998;49:431–439.
- McGuinness MP and Orth JM. Gonocytes of male rats resume migratory activity postnatally. European J of Cell Biol 1992;59:196–210.
- Berruti G. Signalling events during male germ cell diff erentiation: bases and perspective. Front Biosci 1998;3:1097–1108.
- Jarvis S, Elliott D J, Morgan D, Winston R and Readhead C. Molecular markers for the assessment of postnatal male germ cell development in the mouse. Hum Repro 2005:20- 1:108–116.
- Rosenblum E, Gavaler J.S. and Van Thiel D.H. Lipid Peroxidation: a mechanism for ethanol-associated testicular injury in rats. Endocrinology 1985;116: 311-318.
- Villata J, Ballesca J.L, Nicolas J.M, Martinez de Osaba M.J, Antunez E, Pimentel C. Testicular function in asymptomatic chronic alcoholics: relation to ethanol intake. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1997;21: 128–133.
- Koh P.O. and Kim M.O. Ethanol exposure decreases cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in rat testes, J Vet Med Sci 2006;68(10): 1013–1017.
- El Sokary G H. Quantitative study on the eff ects of chronic ethanol administration on the testis of adult male rat. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2001; 22:93–99.
- Udani M, Parker S, Gavaler J, Van Thiel DH. Eff ects of in utero exposure to alcohol upon male rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1995;Jul-Aug;9(4):355–9.
- Wilson ME and Handa RJ. Gonadotropin Secretion in Infantile Rats Exposed to Ethanol In Utero. Alcohol 1997;14: 497–501.
- Salonen I and Huhtaniemi I. Eff ects of chronic ethanol diet of pituitary-testicular function of the rat. Biol Reprod 1990;42: 55–62.
- Van Thiel D.H, Gavaler J. S, Eagon P. K, Chiao Y. B, Cobb C. F. And Lester R. Alcohol and sexual function, Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1980;13: 125-129.
- Emanuela M.A., Emanuele N. Alcohol and the male reproductive system. Alcohol Res Health 2001;25:282–287.
- Martinez FE, Martinez M, Padovani CR and Bustos-Obregon E. Morphology of testis and epididymis in an ethanol-drinking rat strain (UChA and UChB), J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 2000;32(2):175–184.
Öz
Amaç: Etanol, erkeklerde testislerde atrofiye, germ hücrelerinde kayba, sperm üretiminde azalmaya, seminifer tübül çaplarında azalmaya ve testis ağırlığında düşüşe neden olur. Gebelik döneminde etanol uygulaması hem dişilerde hem de erkeklerde reprodüktif fonksiyonları bozarak fetuste teratojenik etki göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı in utero etanol uygulanan sıçanların testisindeki değişimleri incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 2 deney grubu kullanılmıştır: 1 Kontrol grubu. 2 Alkol grubu. Alkol grubundakilere gestasyonel 14.günden itibaren doğuma kadar %30 etanol içeren sıvı verilmiştir. Deney ve kontrol grubundaki anne sıçanlardan doğan erkek yavrulardan 0., 15., 30. ve 90. günlük dönemlerde testis örnekleri alınmış, rutin parafin takibi uygulanmış ve kesitlere morfolojik inceleme için Masson’un üçlü boyaması uygulanmıştır. Bulgu: Alkol neonatal grubunda bazı seminifer tübüllerde düzensizlikler gözlenirken zamana bağlı olarak seminifer tübüllerde dejenerasyon ve spermatogenik hücre serilerinde azalma gözlenmiştir. Alkol neonatal ve postnatal 15. gün grubunda mezenkimal bağ dokusunun fazla olduğu, postnatal 30 gün ve 90 gün grubunda da interstisyel bağ dokunun artmış olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, gestasyonel dönemde alınan alkol, erkek yavrularda seminifer tübüllerde spermatogenik hücre serilerinde azalmaya neden olmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak gebelik döneminde alınan alkol, erkeklerde testiste atrofiye ve spermatogenik serideki hücre sayısını azaltarak infertiliteye sebep olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Robinson LLL, Gaskell TL, Saunders PTK Anderson AA. Germ cell specifi c expression of c-kit in the human fetal gonad. Mol Hum Repro 2001;7: 845–852.
- Jarvis S, Elliott D J, Morgan D, Winston R and Readhead C. Molecular markers for the assessment of postnatal male germ cell development in the mouse. Hum Repro 2005;20–1:108–116.
- Ginsberg M, Snow MH and McLaren A. Primordial germ cell in the mouse embryo during gastrulation. Development 1990;110:521-528.
- El Sokary GH. Quantitative study on the eff ects of chronic ethanol administration on the testis of adult male rat. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2001;22:93– 99.
- Udani M, Parker S, Gavaler J, Van Thiel DH. Eff ects of in utero exposure to alcohol upon male rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1995;Jul-Aug;9(4):355–9.
- Wilson ME and Handa RJ. Gonadotropin Secretion in Infantile Rats Exposed to Ethanol In Utero. Alcohol 1997; 14: 497–501.
- Orth JM, Mc Guiness MP, Qiu J, Jester WF Jr and Li LH. Use of in vitro systems to study male germ cell development in neonatal rats. Theriogenelogy 1998;49:431–439.
- McGuinness MP and Orth JM. Gonocytes of male rats resume migratory activity postnatally. European J of Cell Biol 1992;59:196–210.
- Berruti G. Signalling events during male germ cell diff erentiation: bases and perspective. Front Biosci 1998;3:1097–1108.
- Jarvis S, Elliott D J, Morgan D, Winston R and Readhead C. Molecular markers for the assessment of postnatal male germ cell development in the mouse. Hum Repro 2005:20- 1:108–116.
- Rosenblum E, Gavaler J.S. and Van Thiel D.H. Lipid Peroxidation: a mechanism for ethanol-associated testicular injury in rats. Endocrinology 1985;116: 311-318.
- Villata J, Ballesca J.L, Nicolas J.M, Martinez de Osaba M.J, Antunez E, Pimentel C. Testicular function in asymptomatic chronic alcoholics: relation to ethanol intake. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1997;21: 128–133.
- Koh P.O. and Kim M.O. Ethanol exposure decreases cell proliferation and increases apoptosis in rat testes, J Vet Med Sci 2006;68(10): 1013–1017.
- El Sokary G H. Quantitative study on the eff ects of chronic ethanol administration on the testis of adult male rat. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2001; 22:93–99.
- Udani M, Parker S, Gavaler J, Van Thiel DH. Eff ects of in utero exposure to alcohol upon male rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1995;Jul-Aug;9(4):355–9.
- Wilson ME and Handa RJ. Gonadotropin Secretion in Infantile Rats Exposed to Ethanol In Utero. Alcohol 1997;14: 497–501.
- Salonen I and Huhtaniemi I. Eff ects of chronic ethanol diet of pituitary-testicular function of the rat. Biol Reprod 1990;42: 55–62.
- Van Thiel D.H, Gavaler J. S, Eagon P. K, Chiao Y. B, Cobb C. F. And Lester R. Alcohol and sexual function, Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1980;13: 125-129.
- Emanuela M.A., Emanuele N. Alcohol and the male reproductive system. Alcohol Res Health 2001;25:282–287.
- Martinez FE, Martinez M, Padovani CR and Bustos-Obregon E. Morphology of testis and epididymis in an ethanol-drinking rat strain (UChA and UChB), J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 2000;32(2):175–184.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Research Article |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Mart 2011 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2011Sayı: 1 |