Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

Abstract

Lymphoedema is a complex condition caused by the collection of protein-rich interstitial fluid in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue. Cosmetic changes in cutaneous tissue and the volumetric changes of the extremity affect the daily life and psychosocial state of the patient negatively and continue to progress if not treated. Lymphedema may be the result of primary or secondary causes. The most common type of anomaly in the primary lymphedema is the hypoplasic lymphatic vessel type. The most common type of secondary lymphoedema is parasites filariasis in developing countries, while in the developed countries lymphoedema is mostly seen after breast cancer surgery. There is no gold standard yet for the diagnosis, staging, and severity of lymphoedema. After taking the patient’s’ history and physical examination, technical ultrasonography is often used firstly in clinical practice. The first step in the treatment of lymphoedema is to bring the extremity close to normal size and prevent complications hence there is no cure in the treatment. Complete decongestive therapy is a 4-component therapy consisting of manual lymph drainage, compression therapy, remedial exercises, and skin care, and is used in lymphatic and related conditions. This treatment has 2 phases. Phase 1 is intense or decongestive treatment. In Phase 2, it is aimed to sustain the gains of phase one with pressure garments and night bandages. This period lasts for life. As a result, lymphedema can be an isolated picture or a systemic syndrome that is life-threatening. A multidisciplinary approach should be performed during diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up