Araştırma Makalesi
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Moderated mediation models of emotion regulation and gender in the relationships between personality disorders and reinforcement sensitivity

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 292 - 302, 25.12.2023

Yusuf Bilge Gülşah Balaban

https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.23.4.01

Öz

In the literature, the differences between females and males in personality disorders are stated in many studies. However, the underlying causes of these differences are not clear, and also there are limited studies about the moderating role of gender regarding emotion regulation. In this respect, in this study it was aimed to examine the moderated mediation role of emotion regulation and gender in the relationships between reinforcement sensitivity systems and personality disorders. In the study, 427 (28.52±11.05) participants, 262 females (61.4%) and 165 males (38.6%) between the ages of 18-66 were included. Coolidge Axis II Inventory Plus Turkish-Short Form, Reinforcement Sensitivity Questionnaire and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation- Brief Form were used. Pearson Product Moments Correlation coefficient method, Fisher's Z test, independent samples t-test and Model 59 in the “PROCESS Macro v.3.5” program was applied for statistical analysis. It was found that Paranoid PD, Borderline PD, Histrionic PD, Narcissistic PD, Avoidant PD, Dependent PD, BIS, Flight, Freeze and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale scores were significantly higher in women; Antisocial PD scores were significantly higher in males. It was found that emotion regulation and gender have moderated mediation role in the models that include Schizoid PD, Dependent PD, Borderline PD, Antisocial PD, Obsessive Compulsive PD, Histrionic PD and Narcissistic PD. The findings show that men and women are affected in different ways from the difficulties in emotion regulation and reinforcement sensitivity systems in regards to personality disorders.

Anahtar Kelimeler

emotion regulation gender differences moderated mediation personality disorders reinforcement sensitivity

Kaynakça

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
  • Arıcı-Özcan, N. (2019). The mediator role of cognitive flexibility and mindfulness in relationship between perceived stress and distress tolerance among university students. European Journal of Education Studies, 6(9), 316-332. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3596983
  • Balaban, G., & Bilge, Y. (2021). Study of validity and reliability of the Reinforcement Sensitivity Questionnaire in Turkish community sample. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 58(3), 234-241. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.27369 Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  • Bilge, Y., & Bilge, Y. (2017). The examination of the relationship between gender and socio-economic level factors with psychological disorders in adolescents in Turkey. Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues, 7, 100-110. https://doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v7i2.2576
  • Bilge, Y. (2018). A brief inventory for DSM-5 personality disorders: The development of Coolidge Axis II Inventory Plus Turkish-Short Form. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 9 (Supplement 2), 14-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/apd.302642951
  • Bilge, Y., & Balaban, G. (2019). The relationships between introvert and extravert personality traits with behavioral inhibition and activation systems: An experimental and psychometric study. Neuropsychiatric Investigation, 57(4), 8-14.
  • Bjureberg, J., Ljótsson, B., Tull, M.T., Hedman, E., Sahlin, H., Lundh, L.G., Bjärehed, J., DiLillo, D., Messman-Moore, T., Gumpert, C.H., & Gratz, K. L. (2016). Development and validation of a brief version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale: The DERS-16. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 38(2), 284–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9514-x
  • Brieger, P., Sommer, S., Blöink, F., & Marneros, A. A. (2000). The relationship between five-factor personality measurements and ICD-10 personality disorder dimensions: results from a sample of 229 subjects. Journal of Personality Disorders, 14(3), 282–290. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2000.14.3.282
  • Carver, C. S., & White, T. L. (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS Scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(2), 319–333. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.319
  • Coolidge, F.L. (2006). The Coolidge Axis II inventory Plus-Revised: Manual. Colorado Springs. Corbitt, E. M., & Widiger, T. A. (1995). Sex differences among the personality disorders: An exploration of the data. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 2(3), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.1995.tb00041.x
  • Distel, M. A., Rebollo-Mesa, I., Willemsen, G., Derom, C. A., Trull, T. J., Martin, N. G., & Boomsma, D. I. (2009). Familial resemblance of borderline personality disorder features: genetic or cultural transmission?. PloS One, 4(4), e5334. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005334
  • Erdfelder, E., Faul, F., & Buchner, A. (1996). GPOWER: A general power analysis program. Behavior Reseach Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 28(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203630
  • Frank, S. J., McLaughlin, A. M., & Crusco, A. (1984). Sex role attributes, symptom distress, and defensive style among college men and women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47(1), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.47.1.182
  • Golomb, M., Fava, M., Abraham, M., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1995). Gender differences in personality disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 152(4), 579–582. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.4.579
  • Gray, J.A. (1981). A critique of Eysenck’s theory of personality. In H. J. Eysenck (Ed.), A model of personality (pp. 246–276). New York, Springer.
  • Gray, J.A., & McNaughton, N. (2000). The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry in to the functions of the septo-hippocampal system. (2nd ed.) Oxford University Press.
  • Gupta, S., & Shukla, A.P. (1989). Verbal operant conditioning as a function of extraversion and reinforcement. British Journal of Psychology, 80(1), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1989.tb02302.x
  • Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Publications.
  • Heritage, A.J., Long, L.J., Woodman, G.F., & Zald, D.H. (2018). Personality correlates of individual differences in the recruitment of cognitive mechanisms when rewards are at stake. Psychophysiology, 55(2), e12987. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12987
  • Jorm, A.F., Christensen, H., Henderson, A.S., Jacomb, P.A., Korten, A.E., & Rodgers, B. (1999). Using the BIS/BAS scales to measure behavioural inhibition and behavioural activation: Factor structure, validity and norms in a large community sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 26(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00143-3
  • Lam, A.H.Y., Leung, S.F., Lin, J.J., & Chien, W.T. (2020). The Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Programme for Emotional Regulation in Individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 729-747. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S231877
  • Lombardo, M. V., Ashwin, E., Auyeung, B., Chakrabarti, B., Lai, M. C., Taylor, K., Hackett, G., Bullmore, E. T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2012). Fetal programming effects of testosterone on the reward system and behavioral approach tendencies in humans. Biological Psychiatry, 72(10), 839–847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.05.027
  • Lopez, C. M., Driscoll, K. A., & Kistner, J. A. (2009). Sex differences and response styles: subtypes of rumination and associations with depressive symptoms. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 38(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410802575412
  • Matsunaga, H., Hayashida, K., Kiriike, N., Nagata, T., & Stein, D.J. (2010). Clinical features and treatment characteristics of compulsive hoarding in Japanese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. CNS Spectrums, 15(4), 258–265. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900000092
  • Ouellet, C., Langlois, F., Provencher, M.D., & Gosselin, P. (2019). Intolerance of uncertainty and difficulties in emotion regulation: proposal for an integrative model of generalized anxiety disorder. European Review of Applied Psychology, 69(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2019.01.001
  • Paris, J. (2004). Personality disorders over time: implications for psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 58(4), 420–429. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2004.58.4.420
  • Pastor, D.A., Barron, K E., Miller, B.J., & Davis, S.L. (2007). A latent profile analysis of college students' achievement goal orientation. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 32(1), 8–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2006.10.003
  • Pickering, A.D., & Corr, P.J. (2008). J.A. Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality. In G. J. Boyle, G. Matthews, D.H. Saklofske (Eds.). The SAGE handbook of personality theory and assessment, Vol. 1. Personality theories and models. (pp. 239–256). Sage Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849200462.n11
  • Schulte Holthausen, B., & Habel, U. (2018). Sex Differences in Personality Disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 20(12), 107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-018-0975-y
  • Schwartz-Mette, R.A., Shankman, J., Dueweke, A.R., Borowski, S., & Rose, A.J. (2020). Relations of friendship experiences with depressive symptoms and loneliness in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 146(8), 664–700. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000239
  • Smederevac, S., Mitrović, D., Čolović, P., & Nikolašević, Ž. (2014). Validation of the measure of revised reinforcement sensitivity theory constructs. Journal of Individual Differences, 35(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000121
  • Tamres, L.K., Janicki, D., & Helgeson, V.S. (2002). Sex differences in coping behavior: A meta-analytic review and an examination of relative coping. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6(1), 2–30. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0601_1
  • Vivan, A., Rodrigues, L., Wendt, G., Bicca, M.G., Braga, D.T., & Cordioli, A.V. (2014). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study. Revista Brasileire de Psiquiatria, 36(2), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1113
  • Wilson, N., Robb, E., Gajwani, R., & Minnis, H. (2021). Nature and nurture? A review of the literature on childhood maltreatment and genetic factors in the pathogenesis of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 137, 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.025
  • Wojciechowski, T. (2021). The dual mediating roles of impulsivity and emotion regulation of the borderline personality disorder-violence relationship: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Forensic Science, 66(6), 2329-2339. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14807
  • Yiğit, İ., & Guzey Yiğit, M. (2019). Psychometric Properties of Turkish Version of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16). Current Psychology, 38(6), 1503–1511. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9712-7.

Kişilik bozuklukları ve pekiştireç duyarlılıkları arasındaki ilişkilerde duygu düzenleme ve cinsiyetin düzenleyici aracılık modelleri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 292 - 302, 25.12.2023

Yusuf Bilge Gülşah Balaban

https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.23.4.01

Öz

Alanyazında kişilik bozukluklarında kadın ve erkekler arasındaki farklılıklar çok sayıda çalışmada ortaya konmaktadır. Ancak bu farklılıkların altında yatan nedenler net bir şekilde açıklanamamaktadır ve cinsiyetin duygu düzenleme ile ilişkili olarak düzenleyici rolüne ilişkin sınırlı sayıda çalışma olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmada kişilik bozuklukları ile pekiştireç duyarlılık sistemleri arasındaki ilişkilerde duygu düzenleme ve cinsiyetin düzenleyici aracılık rolünün incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya 18-66 yaş arası 262 kadın (%61,4) ve 165 erkek (%38,6) olmak üzere toplam 427 (28,52±11,05) katılımcı dahil edilmiştir. Coolidge Eksen II Envanteri Plus Türkçe Kısa Formu, Pekiştireç Duyarlılık Ölçeği ve Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü Ölçeği - Kısa Form kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler için Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon katsayısı yöntemi, Fisher Z testi, bağımsız örneklemler t-testi ve “PROCESS Macro v.3.5” programında yer alan Model 59 uygulanmıştır. Paranoid PD, Borderline PD, Histrionik PD, Narsisistik PD, Çekingen PD, Bağımlı PD, DİS, Kaçma, Donma ve Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü Ölçeği puanlarının kadınlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu; Antisosyal PD puanlarının erkeklerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Düzenleyici aracılık analizinde Şizoid PD, Bağımlı PD, Borderline PD, Antisosyal PD, Obsesif Kompulsif PD, Histrionik PD ve Narsisistik PD'yi içeren modellerde cinsiyet ve duygu düzenlemenin düzenleyici aracılık rolüne sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, kişilik bozuklukları açısından kadın ve erkeklerin pekiştirme duyarlılık sistemlerinden ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğünden farklı şekillerde etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

cinsiyet farklılıkları duygu düzenleme düzenleyici aracılık kişilik bozuklukları pekiştireç duyarlılığı

Kaynakça

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
  • Arıcı-Özcan, N. (2019). The mediator role of cognitive flexibility and mindfulness in relationship between perceived stress and distress tolerance among university students. European Journal of Education Studies, 6(9), 316-332. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3596983
  • Balaban, G., & Bilge, Y. (2021). Study of validity and reliability of the Reinforcement Sensitivity Questionnaire in Turkish community sample. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 58(3), 234-241. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.27369 Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  • Bilge, Y., & Bilge, Y. (2017). The examination of the relationship between gender and socio-economic level factors with psychological disorders in adolescents in Turkey. Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues, 7, 100-110. https://doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v7i2.2576
  • Bilge, Y. (2018). A brief inventory for DSM-5 personality disorders: The development of Coolidge Axis II Inventory Plus Turkish-Short Form. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 9 (Supplement 2), 14-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/apd.302642951
  • Bilge, Y., & Balaban, G. (2019). The relationships between introvert and extravert personality traits with behavioral inhibition and activation systems: An experimental and psychometric study. Neuropsychiatric Investigation, 57(4), 8-14.
  • Bjureberg, J., Ljótsson, B., Tull, M.T., Hedman, E., Sahlin, H., Lundh, L.G., Bjärehed, J., DiLillo, D., Messman-Moore, T., Gumpert, C.H., & Gratz, K. L. (2016). Development and validation of a brief version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale: The DERS-16. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 38(2), 284–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9514-x
  • Brieger, P., Sommer, S., Blöink, F., & Marneros, A. A. (2000). The relationship between five-factor personality measurements and ICD-10 personality disorder dimensions: results from a sample of 229 subjects. Journal of Personality Disorders, 14(3), 282–290. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2000.14.3.282
  • Carver, C. S., & White, T. L. (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS Scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(2), 319–333. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.2.319
  • Coolidge, F.L. (2006). The Coolidge Axis II inventory Plus-Revised: Manual. Colorado Springs. Corbitt, E. M., & Widiger, T. A. (1995). Sex differences among the personality disorders: An exploration of the data. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 2(3), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.1995.tb00041.x
  • Distel, M. A., Rebollo-Mesa, I., Willemsen, G., Derom, C. A., Trull, T. J., Martin, N. G., & Boomsma, D. I. (2009). Familial resemblance of borderline personality disorder features: genetic or cultural transmission?. PloS One, 4(4), e5334. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005334
  • Erdfelder, E., Faul, F., & Buchner, A. (1996). GPOWER: A general power analysis program. Behavior Reseach Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 28(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203630
  • Frank, S. J., McLaughlin, A. M., & Crusco, A. (1984). Sex role attributes, symptom distress, and defensive style among college men and women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47(1), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.47.1.182
  • Golomb, M., Fava, M., Abraham, M., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1995). Gender differences in personality disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 152(4), 579–582. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.4.579
  • Gray, J.A. (1981). A critique of Eysenck’s theory of personality. In H. J. Eysenck (Ed.), A model of personality (pp. 246–276). New York, Springer.
  • Gray, J.A., & McNaughton, N. (2000). The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry in to the functions of the septo-hippocampal system. (2nd ed.) Oxford University Press.
  • Gupta, S., & Shukla, A.P. (1989). Verbal operant conditioning as a function of extraversion and reinforcement. British Journal of Psychology, 80(1), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1989.tb02302.x
  • Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Publications.
  • Heritage, A.J., Long, L.J., Woodman, G.F., & Zald, D.H. (2018). Personality correlates of individual differences in the recruitment of cognitive mechanisms when rewards are at stake. Psychophysiology, 55(2), e12987. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12987
  • Jorm, A.F., Christensen, H., Henderson, A.S., Jacomb, P.A., Korten, A.E., & Rodgers, B. (1999). Using the BIS/BAS scales to measure behavioural inhibition and behavioural activation: Factor structure, validity and norms in a large community sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 26(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00143-3
  • Lam, A.H.Y., Leung, S.F., Lin, J.J., & Chien, W.T. (2020). The Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Programme for Emotional Regulation in Individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 729-747. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S231877
  • Lombardo, M. V., Ashwin, E., Auyeung, B., Chakrabarti, B., Lai, M. C., Taylor, K., Hackett, G., Bullmore, E. T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2012). Fetal programming effects of testosterone on the reward system and behavioral approach tendencies in humans. Biological Psychiatry, 72(10), 839–847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.05.027
  • Lopez, C. M., Driscoll, K. A., & Kistner, J. A. (2009). Sex differences and response styles: subtypes of rumination and associations with depressive symptoms. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 38(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410802575412
  • Matsunaga, H., Hayashida, K., Kiriike, N., Nagata, T., & Stein, D.J. (2010). Clinical features and treatment characteristics of compulsive hoarding in Japanese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. CNS Spectrums, 15(4), 258–265. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900000092
  • Ouellet, C., Langlois, F., Provencher, M.D., & Gosselin, P. (2019). Intolerance of uncertainty and difficulties in emotion regulation: proposal for an integrative model of generalized anxiety disorder. European Review of Applied Psychology, 69(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2019.01.001
  • Paris, J. (2004). Personality disorders over time: implications for psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 58(4), 420–429. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2004.58.4.420
  • Pastor, D.A., Barron, K E., Miller, B.J., & Davis, S.L. (2007). A latent profile analysis of college students' achievement goal orientation. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 32(1), 8–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2006.10.003
  • Pickering, A.D., & Corr, P.J. (2008). J.A. Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality. In G. J. Boyle, G. Matthews, D.H. Saklofske (Eds.). The SAGE handbook of personality theory and assessment, Vol. 1. Personality theories and models. (pp. 239–256). Sage Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849200462.n11
  • Schulte Holthausen, B., & Habel, U. (2018). Sex Differences in Personality Disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 20(12), 107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-018-0975-y
  • Schwartz-Mette, R.A., Shankman, J., Dueweke, A.R., Borowski, S., & Rose, A.J. (2020). Relations of friendship experiences with depressive symptoms and loneliness in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 146(8), 664–700. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000239
  • Smederevac, S., Mitrović, D., Čolović, P., & Nikolašević, Ž. (2014). Validation of the measure of revised reinforcement sensitivity theory constructs. Journal of Individual Differences, 35(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000121
  • Tamres, L.K., Janicki, D., & Helgeson, V.S. (2002). Sex differences in coping behavior: A meta-analytic review and an examination of relative coping. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6(1), 2–30. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0601_1
  • Vivan, A., Rodrigues, L., Wendt, G., Bicca, M.G., Braga, D.T., & Cordioli, A.V. (2014). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study. Revista Brasileire de Psiquiatria, 36(2), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1113
  • Wilson, N., Robb, E., Gajwani, R., & Minnis, H. (2021). Nature and nurture? A review of the literature on childhood maltreatment and genetic factors in the pathogenesis of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 137, 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.025
  • Wojciechowski, T. (2021). The dual mediating roles of impulsivity and emotion regulation of the borderline personality disorder-violence relationship: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Forensic Science, 66(6), 2329-2339. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14807
  • Yiğit, İ., & Guzey Yiğit, M. (2019). Psychometric Properties of Turkish Version of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16). Current Psychology, 38(6), 1503–1511. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9712-7.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yusuf Bilge 0000-0003-2754-9119

Gülşah Balaban 0000-0002-2412-4249

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 21 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Bilge, Y., & Balaban, G. (2023). Moderated mediation models of emotion regulation and gender in the relationships between personality disorders and reinforcement sensitivity. Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri Ve Psikoloji Dergisi, 5(4), 292-302. https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.23.4.01
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