Öz
Aim: Determination of the change in contrast sensitivity (CS) values according to time after the use of artificial tears preparations with a different retention time (RT) and different viscosity in healthy individuals.
Methods: From 120 healthy individuals, after a detailed
ophthalmologic examination, fifteen were included in the study. Low viscosity
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)+Dextran 70 (Drug A), low viscosity
Polyvinyl prolidone (Drug B) and high viscosity Polyacrylic acid gel (Drug C)
artificial tears preparations were used. First Drug A was used, followed one
week later by Drug B, and lastly by Drug C. One eye of the individuals were selected
randomly and one drop was added after 1-5, 15, 30, 60, 90 minutes; CS values
were measured with Functional Acuity Contrast Test (FACT).
Results:
With Drug A, at 6 cycles per degree (cpd) spatial frequency, the values
of CS at 30th,60th,90th min. significantly increased compared to the values at
base (0 min) and 1st-5th min. (p<0,05). With Drug B, at 12 cpd
frequency, the values at 30th min. significantly increased, compared to the
values at 1st-5th min.
(p<0.05). With medication C, at 3 cpd frequency, the values at 1st-5th min.
significantly decreased, compared to the values at base (0th min.), 15th, 30th ,60th
,90th min. (p<0,05). With C, at 6 cpd frequency, the values at
1st-5th min. significantly decreased compared to the values at base (0th
minute), 30th, 60th ,90th min. (p<0,01). Also at 15th min., we
noted a significant decrease in the values compared to values at 30th, 90th
min. (p<0,05). Again with C at 12 cpd frequency, the values at 1st-5th min.
significantly decreased compared to values at base (0th min), 60th, 90th
min. (p<0,05).
Conclusion: In the case of healthy individuals with tears film stability problems with the use of low viscosity artificial tears preparation in the form of drops, It could not be shown to decrease retinal image quality by applying CS test within retention times, even increased in some spatial frequencies.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Artificial tears preparations Contrast sensitivity Retention time Viscosity
Kaynakça
- 1. Rieger G. The importance of the precorneal tear film for the quality of optical imaging. Br J Ophthalmol 1992; 76: 157-158. PMID: 1540559
- 2. Tutt R, Bradley A, Begley C, Thibos LN. Optical and visual impact of tear break-up in human eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000; 41: 4117-4123. PMID: 11095604
- 3. Rieger G. Contrast sensitivity in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca before and after artificial tear application. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1993; 231: 577-579. PMID: 8224932
- 4. Huang F, Tseng S, Shih M, Chen F. Effect of artificial tears on corneal surface regularity, contrast sensitivity, and glare disability in dry eyes. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 1934-1940. PMID: 12359618
- 5. Rolando M, Iester M, Macrı A, Calabria G. Low spatial-contrast sensitivity in dry eyes. Cornea 1998; 17(4): 376-379. PMID: 9676908
- 6. Kamış Ü, Okka M, Küçükçelik H. Kontrast duarlılık ve renk görme. T Oft. Gaz. 2001; 31: 725-737
- 7. Altuğ M, Gözüm N, Gücükoğlu A. Steroid kataraktının kontrast duyarlılık ve kamaşma üzerine olan etkileri. T. Oft. Gaz. 1999; 29: 50-58.
- 8. Zhu H, Chaunan A. A mathematical model for tear drainage through the canaliculi. Curr. Eye Res. 2005; 30: 621-630. PMID: 16109641
- 9. King-Smith PE, Fink BA, Hill RM, Koelling KW, Tiffany JM. The tickness of tear film. Curr. Eye Res. 2004; 29: 357-368. PMID: 15590483
- 10. Nichols JJ, Mitchell GL, King-Smith PE, Thinking rate of the precorneal and prelens tear films. Invest Ophthalmol Vis. Sci. 2005; 46: 2353-2361. PMID: 15980222
- 11. Braun RJ, King-Smith PE, Begley CG, Li L, Gewecke NR. Dynamics and function of the tear film in relation to the blink cycle. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, 2015; 45: 132–164. PMID: 25479602
- 12. Cerretani CF, Radke CJ. Tear dynamics in healthy and dry eyes. Curr Eye Res. 2014 Jun; 39(6): 580-95. PMID: 24502301
- 13. Simmons PA, Vehige JG. Clinical performance of a midviscosity artificial tear for dry eye treatment. Cornae 2007; 26: 294-302. PMID: 17413956
- 14. Oğurel T, Oğurel R, Özer MA, Onaran Z. Evaluatıon Of Ocular Surface Disease In Glaucoma Patients Using Topıcal Antiglaucomatous Agents . Acta Med. Alanya 2017;1(3): 9-14. Doi: 10.30565/medalanya.342369
- 15. Pavlopoulos G P, Horn J, FeldmanS T. The effect of artificial tears on computer-assisted corneal topography in normal eyes end after penetrating keratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 1995; 119: 712-722. PMID: 7785684
- 16. Palakuru JR, Wrong J, Aquavella JV. Effect of blinking on Tear Dynamics. Invest Ophthalmol Vis. Sci. 2007; 48: 3032-3037. PMID: 17591869
- 17. Akiyama-Fukuda R, Usui T, Yoshida T, Yamagami S. Evaluation of Tear Meniscus Dynamics Using Anterior Segment Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography After Topical Solution Instillation for Dry Eye. Cornea. 2016 May; 35(5): 654-8. PMID: 26989953
- 18. Carracedo G Pastrana C, Serramito M, Rodriguez-Pomar C. Evaluation of tear meniscus by optical coherence tomography after different sodium hyaluronate eyedrops instillation. Acta Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar; 97(2): e162-e169. PMID: 30280515
- 19. Goto E, Yagi Y, Matsumoto Y, Tsubota K. İmpaired functional visual acuity of dry eye patients. Am. J. Opthalmol. 2002; 133: 181-186. PMID: 11812420
- 20. Karadayı K, Akın T, Özdil MA, Çiftçi F, Certel İ, Bilge AH. Yapay gözyaşı uygulamasının normal ve kuru gözlerde Kontrast duyarlılığa etkisi. T. Oft. Gaz. 2005; 35: 468-472
- 21. Ridder WH, LaMotte J, Hall JQ Jr, Sinn R, Nguyen AL, Abufarie L. Contrast sensitivity and tear layer aberrometry in dry eye patients. Optom Vis Sci. 2009; 86(9): 1059-68. PMID: 19648840
- 22. Palakuru JR, Wrong J, Aquavella JV. Effect of blinking on Tear Volume after instillation of midviscosity Artificial tears. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2008; 146(6): 920-924. PMID: 18723145
- 23. Napoli PE, Satta GM, Coronella F, Fossarello M. Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Study on Dynamic Changes of Human Tears After Instillation of Artificial Tears. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. 2014; 55(7): 4533. PMID: 24985473
Öz
Amaç: Normal bireylerde farklı kalıcılık süreli (KS) ve farklı viskoziteli suni gözyaşı preparatlarının kullanımı sonrası zamana göre kontrast duyarlılık (KD) değerlerindeki değişikliğin tespit edilmesi.
Yöntemler: 120 sağlıklı bireyden detaylı oftalmolojik muayene sonrası 15’i çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Düşük viskoziteli Hidroksipropil metilsellüloz (HPMC)+Dekstran 70 (İlaç A), düşük viskoziteli Polivinil prolidon (İlaç B) ve yüksek viskoziteli Poliakrilik asit jel (İlaç C) suni gözyaşı preparatları kullanıldı. İlk İlaç A, bir hafta sonra B ve en son C kullanıldı. Bireylerin rastgele bir gözü seçilip 1 damla dam-latıldıktan sonraki 1-5, 15, 30, 60, 90. dk’da KD değerleri Functional Acuity Contrast Test (FACT) ile ölçüldü.
Bulgular: A ilacıyla, zaman içindeki KD değerlerinin karşılaştırılmasında, 6 cpd uzaysal frekansta bazal ve 1-5. dk’ya göre 30, 60, 90. dk’da ölçülen değerlerde anlamlı artış görüldü (p<0,05). B ilacıyla 12 cpd frekansta, 1-5. dk’ya göre 30. dk’da anlamlı artış bulundu (p<0,05). C ilacıyla 3 cpd frekansta bazal, 15, 30, 60, 90. dk’lara göre 1-5. dk’da (p<0,05), ile 6 cpd uzaysal frekansta bazal, 30, 60, 90. dk’lara göre 1-5. dk’da (p<0,001) ve 30, 90. dk’lara göre 15. dk’da (p<0,05) anlamlı azalma görüldü.
Sonuç: Damla formundaki düşük viskoziteli suni gözyaşı preparatı kullanımı ile gözyaşı film stabilite problemi olmayan normal bireylerde, KD testi uygulanarak KS içinde retinal görüntü kalitesinde azalma yaptığı gösterilemedi, hatta bazı uzaysal frekanslarda arttığı görüldü.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Suni gözyaşı preparatı Kontrast duyarlılık Kalıcılık süresi Viskozite
Kaynakça
- 1. Rieger G. The importance of the precorneal tear film for the quality of optical imaging. Br J Ophthalmol 1992; 76: 157-158. PMID: 1540559
- 2. Tutt R, Bradley A, Begley C, Thibos LN. Optical and visual impact of tear break-up in human eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000; 41: 4117-4123. PMID: 11095604
- 3. Rieger G. Contrast sensitivity in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca before and after artificial tear application. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1993; 231: 577-579. PMID: 8224932
- 4. Huang F, Tseng S, Shih M, Chen F. Effect of artificial tears on corneal surface regularity, contrast sensitivity, and glare disability in dry eyes. Ophthalmology 2002; 109: 1934-1940. PMID: 12359618
- 5. Rolando M, Iester M, Macrı A, Calabria G. Low spatial-contrast sensitivity in dry eyes. Cornea 1998; 17(4): 376-379. PMID: 9676908
- 6. Kamış Ü, Okka M, Küçükçelik H. Kontrast duarlılık ve renk görme. T Oft. Gaz. 2001; 31: 725-737
- 7. Altuğ M, Gözüm N, Gücükoğlu A. Steroid kataraktının kontrast duyarlılık ve kamaşma üzerine olan etkileri. T. Oft. Gaz. 1999; 29: 50-58.
- 8. Zhu H, Chaunan A. A mathematical model for tear drainage through the canaliculi. Curr. Eye Res. 2005; 30: 621-630. PMID: 16109641
- 9. King-Smith PE, Fink BA, Hill RM, Koelling KW, Tiffany JM. The tickness of tear film. Curr. Eye Res. 2004; 29: 357-368. PMID: 15590483
- 10. Nichols JJ, Mitchell GL, King-Smith PE, Thinking rate of the precorneal and prelens tear films. Invest Ophthalmol Vis. Sci. 2005; 46: 2353-2361. PMID: 15980222
- 11. Braun RJ, King-Smith PE, Begley CG, Li L, Gewecke NR. Dynamics and function of the tear film in relation to the blink cycle. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, 2015; 45: 132–164. PMID: 25479602
- 12. Cerretani CF, Radke CJ. Tear dynamics in healthy and dry eyes. Curr Eye Res. 2014 Jun; 39(6): 580-95. PMID: 24502301
- 13. Simmons PA, Vehige JG. Clinical performance of a midviscosity artificial tear for dry eye treatment. Cornae 2007; 26: 294-302. PMID: 17413956
- 14. Oğurel T, Oğurel R, Özer MA, Onaran Z. Evaluatıon Of Ocular Surface Disease In Glaucoma Patients Using Topıcal Antiglaucomatous Agents . Acta Med. Alanya 2017;1(3): 9-14. Doi: 10.30565/medalanya.342369
- 15. Pavlopoulos G P, Horn J, FeldmanS T. The effect of artificial tears on computer-assisted corneal topography in normal eyes end after penetrating keratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 1995; 119: 712-722. PMID: 7785684
- 16. Palakuru JR, Wrong J, Aquavella JV. Effect of blinking on Tear Dynamics. Invest Ophthalmol Vis. Sci. 2007; 48: 3032-3037. PMID: 17591869
- 17. Akiyama-Fukuda R, Usui T, Yoshida T, Yamagami S. Evaluation of Tear Meniscus Dynamics Using Anterior Segment Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography After Topical Solution Instillation for Dry Eye. Cornea. 2016 May; 35(5): 654-8. PMID: 26989953
- 18. Carracedo G Pastrana C, Serramito M, Rodriguez-Pomar C. Evaluation of tear meniscus by optical coherence tomography after different sodium hyaluronate eyedrops instillation. Acta Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar; 97(2): e162-e169. PMID: 30280515
- 19. Goto E, Yagi Y, Matsumoto Y, Tsubota K. İmpaired functional visual acuity of dry eye patients. Am. J. Opthalmol. 2002; 133: 181-186. PMID: 11812420
- 20. Karadayı K, Akın T, Özdil MA, Çiftçi F, Certel İ, Bilge AH. Yapay gözyaşı uygulamasının normal ve kuru gözlerde Kontrast duyarlılığa etkisi. T. Oft. Gaz. 2005; 35: 468-472
- 21. Ridder WH, LaMotte J, Hall JQ Jr, Sinn R, Nguyen AL, Abufarie L. Contrast sensitivity and tear layer aberrometry in dry eye patients. Optom Vis Sci. 2009; 86(9): 1059-68. PMID: 19648840
- 22. Palakuru JR, Wrong J, Aquavella JV. Effect of blinking on Tear Volume after instillation of midviscosity Artificial tears. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 2008; 146(6): 920-924. PMID: 18723145
- 23. Napoli PE, Satta GM, Coronella F, Fossarello M. Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Study on Dynamic Changes of Human Tears After Instillation of Artificial Tears. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. 2014; 55(7): 4533. PMID: 24985473
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Cerrahi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Ağustos 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 28 Şubat 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 17 Ağustos 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2 |
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