Araştırma Makalesi
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The Relationship of Pregnant Women’s Fear of Coronavırus with Antenatal Attachment

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3, 220 - 229, 07.09.2023

Nazlı Baltacı Emine Koç Emel Odabaşoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.1179628

Öz

Aim: The present study aims to find out fear of COVID-19 and antenatal attachment levels of pregnant women and the relationship between these.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted with 210 healthy pregnant women admitted to Obstetrics and Gynaecology Polyclinics of a hospital in Black Sea Region of Turkey. The data were collected with “Introductory Information Form”, “Fear of Covid-19 Scale (FCS)” and “Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS)”.
Results: Mean FCS score of pregnant women was found as 19.39±6.82, while their mean MAAS score was found as 74.57±8.31. The difference between pregnant women’s fear of coming to hospital for pregnancy follow-up/care and worrying about their/their baby’s health during the pandemic period and their FCS scores was statistically significant (p=0.012; p=0.001, respectively). The difference between pregnant women’s planning/wanting pregnancy and referring to health institution regularly for pregnancy follow-up/care and their MAAS scores was also statistically significant (p=0.032; p=0.003, respectively). A very weak and positive significant correlation was found between pregnant women’s FCS scores and the factor of time spent on attachment (r=0.192, p=0.005).
Conclusion: It was found in the study that the time pregnant women spent on antenatal attachment increased as their COVID-19 fears increased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bonding coronavirus COVID-19 Fear Pregnancy Prenatal care

Kaynakça

  • Sarfraz M, Ozturk I, Shah SGM. Editorial: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The impact on psychology of sustainability, sustainable development, and global economy. Front Psychol 2022;13:811863.
  • Babic I, Alsomali F, Aljuhani S, Baeissa S, Alhabib I, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on perinatal outcomes between symptomatic and asymptomatic women. Obstet Gynecol Int 2022:1756266
  • Breslin N, Baptiste C, Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Miller R, Martinez R, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of New York City hospitals. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2020;2(2):100118.
  • Soheili M, Moradi G, Baradaran HR, Soheili M, Mokhtari MM, et al. Clinical manifestation and maternal complications and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19: A comprehensive evidence synthesis and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35(25):5672-85.
  • Ellington S, Strid P, Tong VT, Woodworth K, Galang RR, et al. Characteristics of women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status - United States, January 22-June 7, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69(25):769-75.
  • Algeri P, Stagnati V, Spazzini MD, Bellan C, Montanelli A, et al. Considerations on COVID-19 pregnancy: a cases series during outbreak in Bergamo Province, North Italy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35(15):2965-8.
  • Dubey P, Reddy SY, Manuel S, Dwivedi AK. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes among COVID-19 infected women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020;252:490-501.
  • Kotlyar AM, Grechukhina O, Chen A, Popkhadze S, Grimshaw A, et al. Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021;224(1):35-53.e3.
  • Wang H, Li N, Sun C, Guo X, Su W, et al. The association between pregnancy and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med 2022;56:188-95.
  • Kovacevic P, Topolovac S, Dragic S, Jandric M, Momcicevic D, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of critically Ill pregnant/postpartum women with COVID-19 pneumonia in Western Balkans, the Republic of Srpska Report. Medicina 2022;58(12):1730.
  • Sertel E, Demir M. Evaluation of the effects of COVID-19 disease and the trimester in which the disease is diagnosed on obstetric and neonatal outcomes: A retrospective cohort study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023;49(2):614-24.
  • Wilkinson M, Johnstone ED, Simcox LE, Myers JE. The impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes in a diverse cohort in England. Sci Rep 2022;12(1):942.
  • Ntounis T, Prokopakis I, Koutras A, Fasoulakis Z, Pittokopitou S, et al. Pregnancy and COVID-19. J Clin Med 2022;11(22):6645.
  • Özkan S, Yıldırım DF, Sercekus P. COVID-19 pandemisinin gebelerin ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi ve hemşirenin rolü. OÜHÇD 2022;5(2):269-73.
  • Baltacı N, Başer M. Riskli gebelerde yaşanan anksiyete, prenatal bağlanma ve hemşirenin rolü. DEUHFED 2020; 13(3): 206-12.
  • Koçak M, Baltacı N. Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde gebelerin psikososyal sorunları ve hemşirelik bakımı. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021;6(Ö.1):41-9.
  • Karkın PÖ, Sezer G, Şen S, Duran M. Gebe olan ve olmayan kadınlarda koronavirüs-19 fobisinin karşılaştırılması. Kocaeli Med J 2021;10(Ek Sayı 2):176-80
  • Eroğlu M, Çıtak-Tunç G, Kılınç F. Gebelik stresi ile COVID-19 korkusu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet 2021;Covid-19 Özel Sayı (1):125-39.
  • Unver H, Özşahin Z, Gezer Tekdal A. Gebelerde COVID-19 korkusunun gebelik stresi ve travmatik doğum algısına etkisi. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences 2022;5(2): 71-8.
  • Grigoriadis S, Graves L, Peer M, Mamisashvili L, Tomlinson G, et al. Maternal anxiety during pregnancy and the association with adverse perinatal outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2018;79(5): 17r12011.
  • Yoon H, Choi H. Factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Korean J Women Health Nurs 2023;29(1):55-65.
  • Cranley MS. Development of a tool for the measurement of maternal attachment during pregnancy. Nurse Res 1981;30:281-4.
  • Salehi K, Taleghani F, Kohan S. Effect of attachment-based interventions on prenatal attachment: A protocol for systematic review. Reprod Health 2019; 16(42):1-5.
  • Tichelman E, Westerneng M, Witteveen AB, van Baar AL, van der Horst HE, et al. Correlates of prenatal and postnatal mother-to-infant bonding quality: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2019;14(9):e0222998.
  • Kurt A, Çelikay-Söyler H. Maternal attachment and preventive intervention methods in mothers under Covid-19 stress, Cyp Turk J Psychiatry and Psychol 2021;3(4):304-13.
  • Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, et al. The Fear of COVID19 Scale: Development and initial validation. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020;20(3):1537-45.
  • Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021;19(6):2369-82.
  • Condon JT. The assessment of antenatal emotional attachment: Development of a questionnaire instrument. Br J Med Psychol 1993;66:167-83.
  • Golbası Z, Ucar T, Tugut N. Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2015;12:154-61.
  • Mizrak SB, Kabakci EN. The experiences of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A qualitative study. Women Birth 2021;34(2):162-69.
  • Bozkurt DÖ, Taner A, Doğan S. Anxiety levels, coping behaviors, and affecting factors of pregnants during the COVID-19 pandemic process. J Nursology 2022;25(2):69-76.
  • Durankuş F, Aksu E. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: a preliminary study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020;18:1-7.
  • Demir ET, Kilic F. Determination of the anxiety level in pregnant women who administer to the obstetrics clinic within the Covid-19 pandemia period. Selcuk Med J 2020;36(4):352-6.
  • Güler O, Hatırnaz Ş. Comparison of the levels of antenatal anxiety in pregnant women admitted for delivery before and after COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey. Perinatal Journal 2020; 28(2):108-12.
  • Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, et al. Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(2):240.e1-240.e9.
  • Tuncer SF. Covid-19 pandemisinde gebelerin psikolojik iyilik halleri. Jinekolojik-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 2021;18(3): 921-6.
  • Tunçel NT, Süt HK. Gebelikte yaşanan anksiyete, depresyon ve prenatal distres düzeyinin doğum öncesi bebeğe bağlanmaya etkisi. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 2019;16(1):9-17
  • Kurt A, Çelikay SH. Covid-19 döneminde doğum yapan kadınlarda maternal bağlanma, obsesif kompülsif bozukluk ve perinatal anksiyete ilişkisi. SBİBD 2022;5(3):225-35.

Gebe Kadınların Koronavirüse İlişkin Korkularının Doğum Öncesi Bağlanmaları ile İlişkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3, 220 - 229, 07.09.2023

Nazlı Baltacı Emine Koç Emel Odabaşoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.1179628

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma gebelerin COVID-19’a ilişkin korku ve doğum öncesi bağlanma düzeylerini ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma, Türkiye’nin Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde bulunan bir hastanenin Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Poliklinikleri’ne başvuran 210 sağlıklı gebe ile yapılmıştır. Veriler “Gebe Tanılama Formu”, “Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği (KKÖ)” ve " Doğum Öncesi Anne Bağlanma Ölçeği (DÖABÖ)" ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Gebelerin KKÖ puan ortalaması 19,39±6,82 ve DÖABÖ puan ortalaması 74,57±8,31 idi. Gebelerin salgın sürecinde gebelik takibi/bakımı için hastaneye gelmeye korkması ve kendisinin/bebeğinin sağlığından endişelenmesi ile KKÖ puanları arasında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (sırasıyla p=0,012; p=0,001). Gebelerin gebeliğini planlaması/istemesi ve gebelik izlemi/bakımı için düzenli olarak sağlık kurumuna gelmesi ile DÖABÖ puanları arasındaki fark da istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (sırasıyla p=0,032; p=0,003). Gebelerin KKÖ ile bağlanmaya harcanan zaman alt boyutu arasında çok zayıf düzeyde pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (r=0,192, p=0,005).
Sonuç: Araştırmada gebelerin COVID-19’a ilişkin korkuları arttıkça doğum öncesi bağlanmaya harcadığı zamanın arttığı ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bağlanma COVID-19 gebelik korku koronavirüs prenatal bakım

Teşekkür

Araştırmaya katılan tüm gebe kadınlara teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Sarfraz M, Ozturk I, Shah SGM. Editorial: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The impact on psychology of sustainability, sustainable development, and global economy. Front Psychol 2022;13:811863.
  • Babic I, Alsomali F, Aljuhani S, Baeissa S, Alhabib I, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on perinatal outcomes between symptomatic and asymptomatic women. Obstet Gynecol Int 2022:1756266
  • Breslin N, Baptiste C, Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Miller R, Martinez R, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of New York City hospitals. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2020;2(2):100118.
  • Soheili M, Moradi G, Baradaran HR, Soheili M, Mokhtari MM, et al. Clinical manifestation and maternal complications and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19: A comprehensive evidence synthesis and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35(25):5672-85.
  • Ellington S, Strid P, Tong VT, Woodworth K, Galang RR, et al. Characteristics of women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status - United States, January 22-June 7, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69(25):769-75.
  • Algeri P, Stagnati V, Spazzini MD, Bellan C, Montanelli A, et al. Considerations on COVID-19 pregnancy: a cases series during outbreak in Bergamo Province, North Italy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35(15):2965-8.
  • Dubey P, Reddy SY, Manuel S, Dwivedi AK. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes among COVID-19 infected women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020;252:490-501.
  • Kotlyar AM, Grechukhina O, Chen A, Popkhadze S, Grimshaw A, et al. Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021;224(1):35-53.e3.
  • Wang H, Li N, Sun C, Guo X, Su W, et al. The association between pregnancy and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med 2022;56:188-95.
  • Kovacevic P, Topolovac S, Dragic S, Jandric M, Momcicevic D, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of critically Ill pregnant/postpartum women with COVID-19 pneumonia in Western Balkans, the Republic of Srpska Report. Medicina 2022;58(12):1730.
  • Sertel E, Demir M. Evaluation of the effects of COVID-19 disease and the trimester in which the disease is diagnosed on obstetric and neonatal outcomes: A retrospective cohort study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023;49(2):614-24.
  • Wilkinson M, Johnstone ED, Simcox LE, Myers JE. The impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes in a diverse cohort in England. Sci Rep 2022;12(1):942.
  • Ntounis T, Prokopakis I, Koutras A, Fasoulakis Z, Pittokopitou S, et al. Pregnancy and COVID-19. J Clin Med 2022;11(22):6645.
  • Özkan S, Yıldırım DF, Sercekus P. COVID-19 pandemisinin gebelerin ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi ve hemşirenin rolü. OÜHÇD 2022;5(2):269-73.
  • Baltacı N, Başer M. Riskli gebelerde yaşanan anksiyete, prenatal bağlanma ve hemşirenin rolü. DEUHFED 2020; 13(3): 206-12.
  • Koçak M, Baltacı N. Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde gebelerin psikososyal sorunları ve hemşirelik bakımı. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021;6(Ö.1):41-9.
  • Karkın PÖ, Sezer G, Şen S, Duran M. Gebe olan ve olmayan kadınlarda koronavirüs-19 fobisinin karşılaştırılması. Kocaeli Med J 2021;10(Ek Sayı 2):176-80
  • Eroğlu M, Çıtak-Tunç G, Kılınç F. Gebelik stresi ile COVID-19 korkusu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet 2021;Covid-19 Özel Sayı (1):125-39.
  • Unver H, Özşahin Z, Gezer Tekdal A. Gebelerde COVID-19 korkusunun gebelik stresi ve travmatik doğum algısına etkisi. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences 2022;5(2): 71-8.
  • Grigoriadis S, Graves L, Peer M, Mamisashvili L, Tomlinson G, et al. Maternal anxiety during pregnancy and the association with adverse perinatal outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2018;79(5): 17r12011.
  • Yoon H, Choi H. Factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Korean J Women Health Nurs 2023;29(1):55-65.
  • Cranley MS. Development of a tool for the measurement of maternal attachment during pregnancy. Nurse Res 1981;30:281-4.
  • Salehi K, Taleghani F, Kohan S. Effect of attachment-based interventions on prenatal attachment: A protocol for systematic review. Reprod Health 2019; 16(42):1-5.
  • Tichelman E, Westerneng M, Witteveen AB, van Baar AL, van der Horst HE, et al. Correlates of prenatal and postnatal mother-to-infant bonding quality: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2019;14(9):e0222998.
  • Kurt A, Çelikay-Söyler H. Maternal attachment and preventive intervention methods in mothers under Covid-19 stress, Cyp Turk J Psychiatry and Psychol 2021;3(4):304-13.
  • Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, et al. The Fear of COVID19 Scale: Development and initial validation. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020;20(3):1537-45.
  • Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021;19(6):2369-82.
  • Condon JT. The assessment of antenatal emotional attachment: Development of a questionnaire instrument. Br J Med Psychol 1993;66:167-83.
  • Golbası Z, Ucar T, Tugut N. Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2015;12:154-61.
  • Mizrak SB, Kabakci EN. The experiences of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A qualitative study. Women Birth 2021;34(2):162-69.
  • Bozkurt DÖ, Taner A, Doğan S. Anxiety levels, coping behaviors, and affecting factors of pregnants during the COVID-19 pandemic process. J Nursology 2022;25(2):69-76.
  • Durankuş F, Aksu E. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: a preliminary study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020;18:1-7.
  • Demir ET, Kilic F. Determination of the anxiety level in pregnant women who administer to the obstetrics clinic within the Covid-19 pandemia period. Selcuk Med J 2020;36(4):352-6.
  • Güler O, Hatırnaz Ş. Comparison of the levels of antenatal anxiety in pregnant women admitted for delivery before and after COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey. Perinatal Journal 2020; 28(2):108-12.
  • Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, et al. Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(2):240.e1-240.e9.
  • Tuncer SF. Covid-19 pandemisinde gebelerin psikolojik iyilik halleri. Jinekolojik-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 2021;18(3): 921-6.
  • Tunçel NT, Süt HK. Gebelikte yaşanan anksiyete, depresyon ve prenatal distres düzeyinin doğum öncesi bebeğe bağlanmaya etkisi. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 2019;16(1):9-17
  • Kurt A, Çelikay SH. Covid-19 döneminde doğum yapan kadınlarda maternal bağlanma, obsesif kompülsif bozukluk ve perinatal anksiyete ilişkisi. SBİBD 2022;5(3):225-35.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nazlı Baltacı 0000-0001-8582-6300

Emine Koç 0000-0003-4333-6797

Emel Odabaşoğlu 0000-0001-5977-2441

Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Baltacı N, Koç E, Odabaşoğlu E. Gebe Kadınların Koronavirüse İlişkin Korkularının Doğum Öncesi Bağlanmaları ile İlişkisi. STED. 2023;32(3):220-9.
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