Araştırma Makalesi
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Aşı Tereddüdü ve Reddi: Bir Amasya Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 139 - 146, 22.03.2023

Zehra İncedal Sonkaya Ahmet Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.1174169

Öz

Amaç: Amasya’da aşı tereddüdü yaşayan veya aşı yaptırmayı reddeden ebeveynler ile yapılan bu çalışmada onların
kararını etkiyen faktörleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırma, 2019-2020 yılı içinde Amasya ilinde çocuklarına aşı yaptırmayı reddeden ailelerin
özellikleri sorgulanarak, aşı yaptıran bir grup aile ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda aşının içinde çocuğa zararlı maddelerin olduğunu düşünme, aşının çocuğa zarar vereceğini
düşünme ve bütün çocukluk çağı aşılarının dış ülkelerden geldiği için güven vermemesi aşı yaptırmama nedenleri ile
ilgili en çok ifade edilen üç neden olarak belirtilmiştir. Aşı yaptırmayı reddeden çalışma grubunda doğum öncesi tarama
testleri, şeker yükleme ve tetanos aşısı yaptırmayanların oranı kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olarak
saptanmıştır. Aşıyla ilgili olumsuz deneyimlere sahip olma (OR= 6.57) ve bulaşıcı hastalıklara yönelik tedbir almama (OR=
32.64) aşıyı yaptırmamayla pozitif yönde ilişkili bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Bu çalışma ebeveynlerin sosyodemografik özellikler ile aşıya tutumlarını değerlendiren sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmalardan biridir. Aşıların
temini ve finansmanından dolayı ailelerde aşılara karşı güven endişesi mevcuttur. Aşılamanın sadece bireysel değil toplumsal bağışıklık için
gerekli olduğu gerçeği toplumdaki tüm bireylere çağdaş bilimsel bilgiler ışığında anlatılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocukluk Çağı bağışıklama Aşı reddi aşı tereddütü

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

  • Dubé E, Vivion M, MacDonald NE. Vaccine hesitancy, vaccine refusal and the anti-vaccine movement: influence, impact and implications. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015;14:99−117.
  • WHO, The SAGE Vaccine Hesitancy Working Group. What Influences Vaccine Acceptance: A Model of Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy. http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2013/april/1_Model_analyze_driversofvaccine Confidence_22_March.pdf Access date: 16.02.2018.
  • MacDonald NE. Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants. Vaccine. 2015;33:4161-4.
  • SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/october/1_Report_WORKING_GROUP_vaccine_hesitancy_final.pdf Access date: 20.01.2021.
  • OECD Data, Child vaccination rates. https://data.oecd.org/healthcare/child-vaccination-rates.htm Access date: 27.06.2020.
  • Global and regional immunization profile European Region 2017-Jul-11. https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/data/gs_eurprofile.pdf?ua=1 Access date: 28.05.2020.
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. An agency of the European Union. https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/measles-cases-eutreble-2017-outbreaks-still-ongoing. Access date: 20.01.2020.
  • Knol M, Urbanus A, Swart E, Mollema L, Ruijs WI, Binnendijk Rs, et al. Large ongoing measles outbreak in a religious community in the Netherlands since May 2013. Euro Surveill 2013;18:20580.
  • World Health Organization. Ten threats to global health in 2019. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019 Access date: 19.03.2021.
  • Gür E. Aşı kararsızlığı-aşı reddi. Turk Pediatri Ars 2019;54:1-2.
  • Parasidis E, Opel DJ. Parental Refusal of Childhood Vaccines and Medical Neglect Laws. Am J Public Health 2017;107:68-71.
  • Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, Article 12/2. https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/anayasa/anayasa_2011.pdf Access date: 21.03.2021.
  • Hausman BL, Ghebremichael M, Hayek P, Mack E. Poisonous, filthy, loathsome, damnable stuff: the rhetorical ecology of vaccination concern. Yale J Biol Med 2014;87:403–16.
  • Marti M, de Cola M, MacDonald NE, Dumolard L, Duclos P. Assessments of global drivers of vaccine hesitancy in 2014 - Looking beyond safety concerns. PLoS One 2017;12:e0172310.
  • Wang X. Firth logistic regression for rare variant association tests. Front Genet 2014;5:187.
  • Repalust A, Sevic S, Rihtar S, Stulhofer A. Childhood vaccine refusal and hesitancy intentions in Croatia: insights from a population-based study. Psychol Health Med 2017;22:1045–55.
  • Fefferman NH, Naumova EN. Dangers of vaccine refusal near the herd immunity threshold: a modelling study. Lancet Infect Dis 2015;15:922-6.
  • Topçu S, Almış H, Başkan S, Turgut M, Orhon FŞ, Ulukol B. Evaluation of childhood vaccine refusal and hesitancy intentions in Turkey. Indian J Pediatr 2019;86:38-43.
  • Brown KF, Kroll JS, Hudson MJ, Ramsay M, Green J, Long SJ, et al. Factors underlying parental decisions about combination childhood vaccinations including MMR: a systematic review. Vaccine 2010;28:4235-48.
  • Attwell K, Wiley KE, Waddington C, Leask J, Snelling T. Midwives’ attitudes, beliefs and concerns about childhood vaccination: A review of the global literature. Vaccine 2018;36:6531-9.
  • Brewer NT, Chapman GB, Gibbons FX, Gerrard M, McCaul KD, Weinstein ND. Meta-analysis of the relationship between risk perception and health behavior: the example of vaccination. Health Psychol 2007;26:136-45.
  • Grabenstein JD. What the world’s religions teach, applied to vaccines and immune globulins. Vaccine 2013; 31:2011–23.
  • Kestenbaum LA, Feemster KA. Identifying and addressing vaccine hesitancy. Pediatr Ann 2015;44:e71-5.
  • Bond L, Nolan T. Making sense of perceptions of risk of diseases and vaccinations: a qualitative study combining models of health beliefs, decision-making and risk perception. BMC Public Health 2011;11:943.
  • DeStefano F, Shimabukuro TT. TheMMR vaccine and autism. Annual review of virology. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-virology-092818-015515.
  • Freed GL, Clark SJ, Butchart AT, Singer DC, Davis MM. Parental vaccine safety concerns in 2009. Pediatrics 2010;125:654-9.
  • Hough-Telford C, Kimberlin DW, Aban I, Hitchcock WP, Almquist J, Kratz R, et al. Vaccine Delays, Refusals, and Patient Dismissals: A Survey of Pediatricians. Pediatrics 2016;138:e2 0162127.
  • Massimi A, Ross A, Marzuillo C, Prencipe GP, De Soccio P, Adama G, et al. Childhood vaccinations: a pilot study on knowledge, attitudes and vaccine hesitancy in pregnant women. Epidemiology Biostatistics and Public Health. 2017;14:e126251-5.
  • İlter H, Demir LS. Opinions of parents concerning childhood vaccine refusal and factors affecting vaccination in Konya. Gulhane Med J 2021;63:96-103.
  • Gowda C, Dempsey AF. The rise (and fall?) of parental vaccine hesitancy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013;9:1755-62.
  • Kata A. A postmodern Pandora‘s box: Anti-vaccination misinformation on the Internet. Vaccine 2010;28:1709–16.
  • Callender D. Vaccine hesitancy: More than a movement. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016;12:2464–8.
  • Teker AG. Content Review of Vaccines ana Vaccination Related News in Internet Newspapers. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi 2019;4:105-15
  • Benin AL, Wisler-Scher DJ, Colson E, Shapiro ED, Holmboe ES. Qualitative analysis of mothers’ decision-making about vaccines for infants: the importance of trust. Pediatrics 2006;117:1532–41.
  • Salmon DA, Sotir MJ, Pan WK, Berg JL, Omer SB, Stokley S, et al. Parental vaccine refusal in Wisconsin: a case-control study. WMJ 2009;108:17-23.
  • Prislin R, Dyer JA, Blakely CH, Johnson CD. Immunization status and sociodemographic characteristics: the mediating role of beliefs, attitudes, and perceived control. Am J Public Health 1998;88:1821-6.
  • Kennedy AM, Gust DA. Measles outbreak associated with a church congregation: a study of immunization attitudes of congregation members. Public Health Rep 2008;123:126-34.
  • Chow MYK, Danchin M, Willaby HW, Pemberton S, Leask J. Parental attitudes, beliefs, behaviours and concerns towards childhood vaccinations in Australia: A national online survey. Aust Fam Physician 2017;46:145-51.

Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal: A Case Study of Amasya

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 139 - 146, 22.03.2023

Zehra İncedal Sonkaya Ahmet Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.1174169

Öz

Objective: This study conducted with parents who have vaccination hesitation or refused to be vaccinated in Amasya
is aimed to determine the factors that affected their decision.

Material and Methods: In this study, the characteristics of families who refused to vaccinate their children in Amasya
in 2019–2020 were questioned and compared with a group of families who had their children vaccinated.

Results: In the study group, thinking that there are harmful substances in the vaccine, thinking that the vaccine will
harm the child, and not giving confidence because all childhood vaccines come from abroad were stated as the three
most expressed reasons for not vaccination. The rate of prenatal screening tests, sugar loading and tetanus vaccine
was found to be significantly higher in the study group who refused vaccination compared with the control group.
Having negative experiences related to vaccination (OR = 6.57) and not taking measures for communicable diseases
(OR = 32.64) were positively associated with not having the vaccine.

Conclusion: This study is one of the limited number of studies evaluating parents’ sociodemographic characteristics and
attitudes toward vaccination. Due to the provision and financing of vaccines, families have concerns related to confidence
in vaccines. The fact that vaccination is necessary not only for individuals but also for social immunity should be explained
to all individuals in society considering modern scientific knowledge.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Childhood immunization Vaccine hesitancy vaccine refusal

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

  • Dubé E, Vivion M, MacDonald NE. Vaccine hesitancy, vaccine refusal and the anti-vaccine movement: influence, impact and implications. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015;14:99−117.
  • WHO, The SAGE Vaccine Hesitancy Working Group. What Influences Vaccine Acceptance: A Model of Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy. http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2013/april/1_Model_analyze_driversofvaccine Confidence_22_March.pdf Access date: 16.02.2018.
  • MacDonald NE. Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants. Vaccine. 2015;33:4161-4.
  • SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/october/1_Report_WORKING_GROUP_vaccine_hesitancy_final.pdf Access date: 20.01.2021.
  • OECD Data, Child vaccination rates. https://data.oecd.org/healthcare/child-vaccination-rates.htm Access date: 27.06.2020.
  • Global and regional immunization profile European Region 2017-Jul-11. https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/data/gs_eurprofile.pdf?ua=1 Access date: 28.05.2020.
  • European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. An agency of the European Union. https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/measles-cases-eutreble-2017-outbreaks-still-ongoing. Access date: 20.01.2020.
  • Knol M, Urbanus A, Swart E, Mollema L, Ruijs WI, Binnendijk Rs, et al. Large ongoing measles outbreak in a religious community in the Netherlands since May 2013. Euro Surveill 2013;18:20580.
  • World Health Organization. Ten threats to global health in 2019. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019 Access date: 19.03.2021.
  • Gür E. Aşı kararsızlığı-aşı reddi. Turk Pediatri Ars 2019;54:1-2.
  • Parasidis E, Opel DJ. Parental Refusal of Childhood Vaccines and Medical Neglect Laws. Am J Public Health 2017;107:68-71.
  • Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, Article 12/2. https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/anayasa/anayasa_2011.pdf Access date: 21.03.2021.
  • Hausman BL, Ghebremichael M, Hayek P, Mack E. Poisonous, filthy, loathsome, damnable stuff: the rhetorical ecology of vaccination concern. Yale J Biol Med 2014;87:403–16.
  • Marti M, de Cola M, MacDonald NE, Dumolard L, Duclos P. Assessments of global drivers of vaccine hesitancy in 2014 - Looking beyond safety concerns. PLoS One 2017;12:e0172310.
  • Wang X. Firth logistic regression for rare variant association tests. Front Genet 2014;5:187.
  • Repalust A, Sevic S, Rihtar S, Stulhofer A. Childhood vaccine refusal and hesitancy intentions in Croatia: insights from a population-based study. Psychol Health Med 2017;22:1045–55.
  • Fefferman NH, Naumova EN. Dangers of vaccine refusal near the herd immunity threshold: a modelling study. Lancet Infect Dis 2015;15:922-6.
  • Topçu S, Almış H, Başkan S, Turgut M, Orhon FŞ, Ulukol B. Evaluation of childhood vaccine refusal and hesitancy intentions in Turkey. Indian J Pediatr 2019;86:38-43.
  • Brown KF, Kroll JS, Hudson MJ, Ramsay M, Green J, Long SJ, et al. Factors underlying parental decisions about combination childhood vaccinations including MMR: a systematic review. Vaccine 2010;28:4235-48.
  • Attwell K, Wiley KE, Waddington C, Leask J, Snelling T. Midwives’ attitudes, beliefs and concerns about childhood vaccination: A review of the global literature. Vaccine 2018;36:6531-9.
  • Brewer NT, Chapman GB, Gibbons FX, Gerrard M, McCaul KD, Weinstein ND. Meta-analysis of the relationship between risk perception and health behavior: the example of vaccination. Health Psychol 2007;26:136-45.
  • Grabenstein JD. What the world’s religions teach, applied to vaccines and immune globulins. Vaccine 2013; 31:2011–23.
  • Kestenbaum LA, Feemster KA. Identifying and addressing vaccine hesitancy. Pediatr Ann 2015;44:e71-5.
  • Bond L, Nolan T. Making sense of perceptions of risk of diseases and vaccinations: a qualitative study combining models of health beliefs, decision-making and risk perception. BMC Public Health 2011;11:943.
  • DeStefano F, Shimabukuro TT. TheMMR vaccine and autism. Annual review of virology. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-virology-092818-015515.
  • Freed GL, Clark SJ, Butchart AT, Singer DC, Davis MM. Parental vaccine safety concerns in 2009. Pediatrics 2010;125:654-9.
  • Hough-Telford C, Kimberlin DW, Aban I, Hitchcock WP, Almquist J, Kratz R, et al. Vaccine Delays, Refusals, and Patient Dismissals: A Survey of Pediatricians. Pediatrics 2016;138:e2 0162127.
  • Massimi A, Ross A, Marzuillo C, Prencipe GP, De Soccio P, Adama G, et al. Childhood vaccinations: a pilot study on knowledge, attitudes and vaccine hesitancy in pregnant women. Epidemiology Biostatistics and Public Health. 2017;14:e126251-5.
  • İlter H, Demir LS. Opinions of parents concerning childhood vaccine refusal and factors affecting vaccination in Konya. Gulhane Med J 2021;63:96-103.
  • Gowda C, Dempsey AF. The rise (and fall?) of parental vaccine hesitancy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013;9:1755-62.
  • Kata A. A postmodern Pandora‘s box: Anti-vaccination misinformation on the Internet. Vaccine 2010;28:1709–16.
  • Callender D. Vaccine hesitancy: More than a movement. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016;12:2464–8.
  • Teker AG. Content Review of Vaccines ana Vaccination Related News in Internet Newspapers. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi 2019;4:105-15
  • Benin AL, Wisler-Scher DJ, Colson E, Shapiro ED, Holmboe ES. Qualitative analysis of mothers’ decision-making about vaccines for infants: the importance of trust. Pediatrics 2006;117:1532–41.
  • Salmon DA, Sotir MJ, Pan WK, Berg JL, Omer SB, Stokley S, et al. Parental vaccine refusal in Wisconsin: a case-control study. WMJ 2009;108:17-23.
  • Prislin R, Dyer JA, Blakely CH, Johnson CD. Immunization status and sociodemographic characteristics: the mediating role of beliefs, attitudes, and perceived control. Am J Public Health 1998;88:1821-6.
  • Kennedy AM, Gust DA. Measles outbreak associated with a church congregation: a study of immunization attitudes of congregation members. Public Health Rep 2008;123:126-34.
  • Chow MYK, Danchin M, Willaby HW, Pemberton S, Leask J. Parental attitudes, beliefs, behaviours and concerns towards childhood vaccinations in Australia: A national online survey. Aust Fam Physician 2017;46:145-51.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İç Hastalıkları
Bölüm ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Yazarlar

Zehra İncedal Sonkaya 0000-0002-5446-9707

Ahmet Öztürk 0000-0003-1353-4397

Proje Numarası Yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver İncedal Sonkaya Z, Öztürk A. Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal: A Case Study of Amasya. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2023;17(2):139-46.

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