Öz
Amaç: Dünyada gelişmelerle birlikte, kronik ya da ölümcül hastalıkların ölüm oranlarında önemli bir azalma görülmesi; çocukların gelişimlerini etkileyen sorunların daha sık görülmesine neden olmaktadır. Erken tanı ve müdahalenin gerçekleşmesi için, hekimlerin temel gelişim basamaklarından haberdar olması ve bu tür bilgilerin tıp eğitimi sırasında edinilmesi gerekir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tıp öğrencilerinin çocuk gelişimi hakkındaki bilgilerini belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, 2018- 2019 yılları arasında İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıklarında Gelişimsel Pediatri dersi almamış toplam 482 3.sınıf ve 4.sınıf tıp fakültesi öğrencileri dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda 1. bölüm sosyo-demografik bilgileri, 2. bölüm; “Bakım Verenlerin Bebeklik ve Erken Çocukluk Dönemi Gelişimi ve Gelişimin Desteklenmesi Bilgisi’ni (CKCDI) ile ilgili soruları içermektedir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 227 (%47.09) 3. sınıf, 255 (%52.90) 4.sınıf olmak üzere toplam 482 tıp öğrencisi dahil edildi. Ortalama CKCDI toplam puanı 3 sınıf öğrencileri için 14.44±5.89, 4 sınıf öğrencilerinde ise 16.10 ± 5.90’di. Üçüncü ve 4. Sınıf öğrencilerinin %50’sinden fazlası gelişim basamakları bileşeni bölümündeki 10 sorunun 5’ini doğru yanıtladığı ancak gelişimsel uyaranla destekleme bileşeni bölümündeki 10 sorudan 3. Sınıfların sadece 1 soruya (sayı saymayı öğretme) ve 4. sınıfların ise (sayı saymayı, renkleri öğretme) 2 soruya doğru cevap verdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf tıp öğrencilerinin, gelişim becerileri ve uyarılma bilgilerinin yeterli düzeyde olmadığı görülmüştür. Üçüncü sınıfta verilen genel pediatri derslerinin dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin çocuk gelişimi hakkındaki bilgilerini artırmadığı da anlaşılmıştır.
Sonuç: Tıp öğrencilerinin çocuk gelişimi bilgilerini değerlendirmek bebeklik ve erken çocukluktaki gelişimsel gecikmelere aşina olmalarını ve gecikmeleri tespit edebilmelerini sağlamak için yapılacak müdahaleler ve çalışmalar için önem arz etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tıp Öğrencileri Çocuk Gelişimi Tıp Eğitimi Gelişimsel Pediatri Erken Çocukluk Gelişimi
Kaynakça
- Black MM, Walker SP, Fernald LCH, Andersen CT, DiGirolamo AM, Lu C, et al. Early childhood development coming of age: science through the life course. Lancet 2017;389:77-90.
- Ozturk Ertem I, Krishnamurthy V, Mulaudzi MC, Sguassero Y, Bilik B, Srinivasan R, et al. Validation of the International Guide for Monitoring Child Development demonstrates good sensitivity and specificity in four diverse countries. Acta paediatrica 2019;108:1074-86.
- Lipkin PH, Macias MM. Promoting Optimal Development: Identifying Infants and Young Children With Developmental Disorders Through Developmental Surveillance and Screening. Pediatrics 2020;145: e20193449.
- Sices L, Feudtner C, McLaughlin J, Drotar D, Williams M. How do primary care physicians manage children with possible developmental delays? A national survey with an experimental design. Pediatrics 2004;113:274-82.
- Clark B, Andrews D, Taghaddos S, Dinu I. Teaching child development to medical students. Clin Teach 2012;9:368-72.
- McDonald J. Twelve tips for teaching child development and disability to medical students. Med Teach 2018;40:135-9.
- Trollor JN, Ruffell B, Tracy J, Torr JJ, Durvasula S, Iacono T, et al. Intellectual disability health content within medical curriculum: an audit of what our future doctors are taught. BMC Med Educ 2016;16:105.
- Fox G, Katz DA, Eddins-Folensbee FF, Folensbee RW. Teaching development in undergraduate and graduate medical education. Child and Adolesc Psychiatr Clin 2007;16:67-94
- Yeleswarapu S. Padmini PKA, Lourdes MD. Evaluation of a developmental paediatrics teaching programme for medical students. The Asia Pacific Scholar 2019;4: 25–31.
- Ryan T. Medical students’ attitudes towards healthcare for people with learning disabilities (thesis). London: University College London, 2014.
- Chen Y, Tu B, Huang C-C, Huang C. Improving parenting knowledge through caregiver education in China. Child Care, Health Dev 2021;47:261-8.
- Scarzello D, Arace A, Prino LE. Parental practices of Italian mothers and fathers during early infancy: The role of knowledge about parenting and child development. Infant Behavior and Dev 2016;44:133-43.
- Habbash AS, Qatomah A, Al-Doban R, Asiri R. Parental knowledge of children’s developmental milestones in Aseer, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2022;11:5093-5102.
- McBride DL. The Role of Fathers’ in the Care and Development of Their Children. J Pediatr Nurs 2016;31:740-1.
- Nolan M. A Survey of English Sixth Formers’ Knowledge of Early Brain Development. Int Q Community Health Educ 2017;38:27-35.
- Hammond B, Pressman AW, Quinn C, Benjamin M, Luesse HB, Mogilner L. Evaluating the Keystones of
- Development-An Online Curriculum for Residents to Promote Positive Parenting in Primary Care. Acad Pediatr 2022;22:151-9.
- Ertem I, Atay G, Dogan D, Bayhan A, Bingoler B, Gok C, et al. Mothers’ knowledge of young child development in a developing country. Child Care, Health and Dev 2007;33:728-37.
- World Health Organization. Care for child development: improving the care of young children. 2012. Shrestha M, Ulak M, Strand T, Kvestad I, Hysing M. How much do Nepalese mothers know about child development? Early Child Development and Care 2017;189:1-8.
- Sudfeld CR, Bliznashka L, Ashery G, Yousafzai AK, Masanja H. Effect of a home-based health, nutrition and responsive stimulation intervention and conditional cash transfers on child development and growth: a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Tanzania. BMJ Global Health 2021;6:e005086.
- Rehman AU, Kazmi SF, Munir F. Mothers’ Knowledge about Child Development. Pak Pediatr J 2016;40:176-81.
- Bauer SC, Smith PJ, Chien AT, Berry AD, Msall M. Educating pediatric residents about developmental and social–emotional health. Infants & Young Children 2009;22:309-20.
- Figueiras AC, Souza N, Rios VG, Benguigui Y. Monitoring child development (0-6 years) in the IMCI context. Second Edition Washington DC: Pan American Health Organization, 2012.
- Yue A, Wu M, Shi Y, Luo R, Wang B, Kenny K, et al. The relationship between maternal parenting knowledge and infant development outcomes: Evidence from rural China. Chinese J Sociol 2017;3:193-207.
- Lin LY, Cherng RJ, Lee IC, Chen YJ, Yang HM, Chen YJ. The agreement of caregivers’ initial identification of children’s developmental problems with the professional assessment in Taiwan. Res Dev Disabil 2011;32:1714-21.
- Comley L, Janus M, Marshall D, Niccols A. The early years: child development in undergraduate medical school training. Can Fam Physician 2008;54:876,876.e1-4.
- Yoldaş TÇ, Şenel S, Abuş HM, Yücel H, Özmert E. Identification of the Place of Developmental Issues in the Educational and Clinical Practices of Pediatric Residents and Affecting Factorsi. Turkish J Pediatr Dise 2021;15:59-64.
- McCain MN, Mustard JF. The early years study three years later: From early child development to human development: Enabling communities: Founders’ Network of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; 2011.
- Dogan D. Gelişimsel Pediyatriye Giriş. In: Yakıncı C, Topal E (ed). Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları 2. İnönü Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2020: 187-191
- Pekcici EBB, Dogan DG, Akin EO, Buyukavci A, Akpinar F, Hayran G, et al. Referral Trends in Two Pioneering Developmental-Behavioral Pediatric Centers in Turkey. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2021;42:227-33.
- Shah K. What Do Medical Students Know about Autism? Autism 2001;5:127-33.
- Hastings EA, Lumeng JC, Clark SJ. Primary care physicians’ knowledge of and confidence in their referrals for special education services in 3- to 5-year-old children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2014;53:166-72.
- Nicol P. Using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire to teach medical students developmental assessment: a descriptive analysis. BMC Med Educ 2006;6:29.
Öz
Objective: With the developments in the world, a significant decrease in the death rates of chronic or fatal diseases causes the problems that affect the development of children to be seen more frequently. Physicians must be aware of the basic developmental stages and information of children during medical education for early diagnosis and intervention. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of medical students about child development.
Material and Methods: A total of 482 3rd and 4th-year medical faculty students who did not take the Developmental Pediatrics lecture in the Department of Pediatrics of İnönü University Faculty of Medicine between 2018 and 2019 were included in the study. Our study included socio-demographic information and questions on “Caregiver Knowledge of Child Development Inventory”.
Results: 227 (47.09%) 3rd year and 255 (52.90%) 4th-year students were included in the study. The mean Caregiver Knowledge of Child Development Inventory total score was 14.44±5.89 for 3rd-year students and 16.10 ± 5.90 for 4th-year students. More than 50% of the third and fourth year students answered 5 of the 10 questions in the developmental skills component section correctly. It was observed that the developmental skills and stimulation component knowledge of the third and fourth year medical students were not sufficient. It was also understood that the general pediatrics courses given in the third year did not increase the knowledge of the fourth year students about child development.
Conclusion: Evaluating the child development knowledge of medical students is important for interventions and studies to ensure that medical students are familiar with and detect developmental delays in infancy and early childhood.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Medical Students Child Development Medical Education Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics Early Childhood Development
Kaynakça
- Black MM, Walker SP, Fernald LCH, Andersen CT, DiGirolamo AM, Lu C, et al. Early childhood development coming of age: science through the life course. Lancet 2017;389:77-90.
- Ozturk Ertem I, Krishnamurthy V, Mulaudzi MC, Sguassero Y, Bilik B, Srinivasan R, et al. Validation of the International Guide for Monitoring Child Development demonstrates good sensitivity and specificity in four diverse countries. Acta paediatrica 2019;108:1074-86.
- Lipkin PH, Macias MM. Promoting Optimal Development: Identifying Infants and Young Children With Developmental Disorders Through Developmental Surveillance and Screening. Pediatrics 2020;145: e20193449.
- Sices L, Feudtner C, McLaughlin J, Drotar D, Williams M. How do primary care physicians manage children with possible developmental delays? A national survey with an experimental design. Pediatrics 2004;113:274-82.
- Clark B, Andrews D, Taghaddos S, Dinu I. Teaching child development to medical students. Clin Teach 2012;9:368-72.
- McDonald J. Twelve tips for teaching child development and disability to medical students. Med Teach 2018;40:135-9.
- Trollor JN, Ruffell B, Tracy J, Torr JJ, Durvasula S, Iacono T, et al. Intellectual disability health content within medical curriculum: an audit of what our future doctors are taught. BMC Med Educ 2016;16:105.
- Fox G, Katz DA, Eddins-Folensbee FF, Folensbee RW. Teaching development in undergraduate and graduate medical education. Child and Adolesc Psychiatr Clin 2007;16:67-94
- Yeleswarapu S. Padmini PKA, Lourdes MD. Evaluation of a developmental paediatrics teaching programme for medical students. The Asia Pacific Scholar 2019;4: 25–31.
- Ryan T. Medical students’ attitudes towards healthcare for people with learning disabilities (thesis). London: University College London, 2014.
- Chen Y, Tu B, Huang C-C, Huang C. Improving parenting knowledge through caregiver education in China. Child Care, Health Dev 2021;47:261-8.
- Scarzello D, Arace A, Prino LE. Parental practices of Italian mothers and fathers during early infancy: The role of knowledge about parenting and child development. Infant Behavior and Dev 2016;44:133-43.
- Habbash AS, Qatomah A, Al-Doban R, Asiri R. Parental knowledge of children’s developmental milestones in Aseer, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2022;11:5093-5102.
- McBride DL. The Role of Fathers’ in the Care and Development of Their Children. J Pediatr Nurs 2016;31:740-1.
- Nolan M. A Survey of English Sixth Formers’ Knowledge of Early Brain Development. Int Q Community Health Educ 2017;38:27-35.
- Hammond B, Pressman AW, Quinn C, Benjamin M, Luesse HB, Mogilner L. Evaluating the Keystones of
- Development-An Online Curriculum for Residents to Promote Positive Parenting in Primary Care. Acad Pediatr 2022;22:151-9.
- Ertem I, Atay G, Dogan D, Bayhan A, Bingoler B, Gok C, et al. Mothers’ knowledge of young child development in a developing country. Child Care, Health and Dev 2007;33:728-37.
- World Health Organization. Care for child development: improving the care of young children. 2012. Shrestha M, Ulak M, Strand T, Kvestad I, Hysing M. How much do Nepalese mothers know about child development? Early Child Development and Care 2017;189:1-8.
- Sudfeld CR, Bliznashka L, Ashery G, Yousafzai AK, Masanja H. Effect of a home-based health, nutrition and responsive stimulation intervention and conditional cash transfers on child development and growth: a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Tanzania. BMJ Global Health 2021;6:e005086.
- Rehman AU, Kazmi SF, Munir F. Mothers’ Knowledge about Child Development. Pak Pediatr J 2016;40:176-81.
- Bauer SC, Smith PJ, Chien AT, Berry AD, Msall M. Educating pediatric residents about developmental and social–emotional health. Infants & Young Children 2009;22:309-20.
- Figueiras AC, Souza N, Rios VG, Benguigui Y. Monitoring child development (0-6 years) in the IMCI context. Second Edition Washington DC: Pan American Health Organization, 2012.
- Yue A, Wu M, Shi Y, Luo R, Wang B, Kenny K, et al. The relationship between maternal parenting knowledge and infant development outcomes: Evidence from rural China. Chinese J Sociol 2017;3:193-207.
- Lin LY, Cherng RJ, Lee IC, Chen YJ, Yang HM, Chen YJ. The agreement of caregivers’ initial identification of children’s developmental problems with the professional assessment in Taiwan. Res Dev Disabil 2011;32:1714-21.
- Comley L, Janus M, Marshall D, Niccols A. The early years: child development in undergraduate medical school training. Can Fam Physician 2008;54:876,876.e1-4.
- Yoldaş TÇ, Şenel S, Abuş HM, Yücel H, Özmert E. Identification of the Place of Developmental Issues in the Educational and Clinical Practices of Pediatric Residents and Affecting Factorsi. Turkish J Pediatr Dise 2021;15:59-64.
- McCain MN, Mustard JF. The early years study three years later: From early child development to human development: Enabling communities: Founders’ Network of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; 2011.
- Dogan D. Gelişimsel Pediyatriye Giriş. In: Yakıncı C, Topal E (ed). Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları 2. İnönü Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2020: 187-191
- Pekcici EBB, Dogan DG, Akin EO, Buyukavci A, Akpinar F, Hayran G, et al. Referral Trends in Two Pioneering Developmental-Behavioral Pediatric Centers in Turkey. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2021;42:227-33.
- Shah K. What Do Medical Students Know about Autism? Autism 2001;5:127-33.
- Hastings EA, Lumeng JC, Clark SJ. Primary care physicians’ knowledge of and confidence in their referrals for special education services in 3- to 5-year-old children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2014;53:166-72.
- Nicol P. Using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire to teach medical students developmental assessment: a descriptive analysis. BMC Med Educ 2006;6:29.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Klinik Tıp Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 3 Mayıs 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 25 Temmuz 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 20 Ocak 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4 |