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Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 71 - 84, 30.12.2021

Hatice Us Gülay Yazıcı

Öz

Varfarin, Dünya’da tromboembolik olayların önlenmesinde en yaygın olarak kullanılan oral antikoagülandır. Dar bir terapötik etkiye sahip olmasının yanı sıra ilaç-ilaç, ilaç-besin etkileşimi sonucu önemli yan etkilerin oluşması nedeniyle klinik olarak kullanımı zor bir ilaçtır. Son yıllarda birçok yeni oral antikoagülan ilaç bulunsa da yeteri kadar kanıt olmadığından kullanımları yaygın değildir. Bu nedenle varfarinin yan etkilerini, hangi ilaç ve besinlerle etkileştiğini, doz yönetimini, etki mekanizmasını bilmek herhangi bir komplikasyon oluşumunu azaltmakta yardımcı olacaktır. Bunun için de hemşire ve sağlık personelinin eğitimi çok önemlidir. Sağlık profesyonelleri içinde hemşire, hasta ve ailesiyle ilk iletişime geçen ve ilk bilgilere ulaşan meslek grubudur. Hemşirelerin en önemli sorumluluklarından biri de hasta eğitimidir. Hemşire hasta eğitimi ile hastanın güvenli bir şekilde varfarin kullanımını sağlayabilmeli ve hastayı olası problemlerden koruyabilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

antikoagülan ilaçlar hasta eğitimi hemşirelik varfarin

Kaynakça

  • Referans1. Kandemir H. New oral anticoagulants. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2(1):24-9.
  • Referans2. Yaka E, Pekdemir M, Yılmaz S, Akalın E. Acil servis hastalarında oral antikoagülan tedavi bilgi düzeylerinin araştırılması. Tr J Emerg Med. 2011;11(4):155-60.
  • Referans3. Ansell J, Hirsh J, Hylek E, Jacobson A, Crowther M, Palareti G. Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2008;133(6):160S-98S.
  • Referans4. DAĞCI SS, Besey Ö. Varfarin kullanan inmeli hastalara verilen eğitimin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2015;19(1):1-6.
  • Referans5. Zapata LV, Hansten PD, Panic J, Horn JR, Boyce RD, Gephart S, et al. Risk of Bleeding with Exposure to Warfarin and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2020;120(7):1066.
  • Referans6. Cabral K, Ansell J, Hylek E. Future directions of stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: the potential impact of novel anticoagulants and stroke risk stratification. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2011;9(3):441-9.
  • Referans7. Alay M, Demir C, Atmaca M, Esen R, Dilek İ. Oral antikoagülan tedavi seyrinde kanama komplikasyonu ile gelen hastaların değerlendirilmesi. Van Tıp Dergisi. 2011;18(1):9-14.
  • Referans8. Darnell SW, Davis SC, Whitcomb JJ, Manfredi JA, McLaurin BT. Bleeding risk factors affecting warfarin therapy in the elderly with atrial fibrillation. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. 2014;33(2):57-63.
  • Referans9. Ansell J, Hirsh J, Poller L, Bussey H, Jacobson A, Hylek E. The pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3):204S-33S.
  • Referans10. UZUN Ş. Warfarin kullanan bireylerin eğitiminde hemşirenin rolü. MN Kardiyoloji. 2006;13(5):352-4.
  • Referans11. Sayhan MB, Oguz S, Yüksel V, Hüseyin S, Sayhan ES, Yagci G. The analysis of patients admitted to the emergency department due to complications related to Warfarin treatment. Eurasian Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2014;13(4):194.
  • Referans12. Yaylacı S, Ösken A, Aydın E, Genç AB, Şahinkuş S, Can Y, et al. İç hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran varfarin kullanan hastalar ve etkin INR’ye ulaşma oranları. Kocaeli Tıp Dergisi. 2014;3(3):18-21.
  • Referans13. Voora D, McLeod HL, Eby C, Gage BF. The pharmacogenetics of coumarin therapy. 2005.
  • Referans14. Cook-Campbell J, Sefton M. Discharge teaching about warfarin: patient retention of knowledge. Home Healthcare Now. 2010;28(6):366-74.
  • Referans15. Cheah GM, Martens KH. Coumadin knowledge deficits: do recently hospitalized patients know how to safely manage the medication? Home Healthcare Now. 2003;21(2):94-100.
  • Referans16. YAKAR Ş, BAYKAN N, DURUKAN P, ÖZKAN S. Acil Servis Başvurularında Varfarin İlişkili Komplikasyonların ve Hastaların İlaç Bilgi Düzeyinin Değerlendirilmesi. 2020; 6(2):231-236.
  • Referans17. Lane DA, Ponsford J, Shelley A, Sirpal A, Lip GY. Patient knowledge and perceptions of atrial fibrillation and anticoagulant therapy: effects of an educational intervention programme: the West Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Project. International journal of cardiology. 2006;110(3):354-8.
  • Referans18. Accreditation program: Hospital national patient safety goals (NPSG), direct-oral-anticoagulant 2019 [Available from: http://thejointcommission.org (Erişim Tarihi: 20 Ağustos 2021).
  • Referans19. Joint Commission’s 2011 National Patient Safety Goal 1 january 2011 [The Joint Commission. Accreditation program: ambulatory care. National Patient Safety Goals]. Available from: http://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/6/2011_NPSGs_AHC.pdf.(Erişim Tarihi:20 Ağustos 2021).
  • Referans20. Porter B. The role of the advanced practice nurse in anticoagulation. AACN clinical issues. 2002;13(2):221-33.
  • Referans21. Weitz JI, Gross PL. New oral anticoagulants: which one should my patient use? Hematology 2010, the American Society of Hematology Education Program Book. 2012;2012(1):536-40.
  • Referans22. AŞİRET GD, ÖZDEMİR L. Antikoagülan ilaçların güvenli kullanımında hemşirenin sorumlulukları. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012;19(2):58-68.
  • Referans23. de Lara Lavítola P, Spina GS, Sampaio RO, Tarasoutchi F, Grinberg M. Bleeding during oral anticoagulant therapy: warning against a greater hazard. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009;93(2):163-7.
  • Referans24. Dumas S, Rouleau-Mailloux E, Bouchama N, Lahcene H, Talajic M, Tardif J-C, et al. Pillbox use and INR stability in a prospective cohort of new warfarin users. Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy. 2016;22(6):676-84.
  • Referans25. Desmond D, Kogan P, Underwood S, Brobbey E, Luib P. Performance improvement in managed long-term care: improving warfarin medication management. Home Healthcare Now. 2009;27(3):150-9.
  • Referans26. Hirsh J, Fuster V, Ansell J, Halperin JL. American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology foundation guide to warfarin therapy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2003;41(9):1633-52.
  • Referans27. Oterhals K, Deaton C, De Geest S, Jaarsma T, Lenzen M, Moons P, et al. European cardiac nurses’ current practice and knowledge on anticoagulation therapy. European journal of cardiovascular nursing. 2014;13(3):261-9.
  • Referans28. Ferguson C, Inglis SC, Newton PJ, Middleton S, Macdonald PS, Davidson PM. Education and practice gaps on atrial fibrillation and anticoagulation: a survey of cardiovascular nurses. BMC medical education. 2016;16(1):1-10.
  • Referans29. TÜLÜCE D, BOSTANOĞLU H. PIHTI ÖNLEYİCİ TEDAVİ: HEMŞİRELİK YAKLAŞIMLARI. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016;19(4).
  • Referans30. Pıhtıönler İlaç (Coumadin) Kullanan Hastalar İçin Kılavuz. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği. 2012;2. baskı.
  • Referans31. Salman E, Erdoğan K, Sağlam MF, HIDIROĞLU M. Mekanik Kalp Kapaklı Hastalarda Antikoagülan Kullanımı ve Warfarin Direnci. Ankara Medical Journal. 2015;15(2).
  • Referans32. Nadkarni A, Oldham MA, Howard M, Berenbaum I. Drug‐Drug Interactions Between Warfarin and Psychotropics: Updated Review of the Literature. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;32(10):932-42.
  • Referans33. Nutescu E, Chuatrisorn I, Hellenbart E. Drug and dietary interactions of warfarin and novel oral anticoagulants: an update. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis. 2011;31(3):326-43.
  • Referans34. Samur G. Vitaminler mineraller ve sağlığımız Hacettepe Üniversitesi-Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü. Ankara; 2008.
  • Referans35. Izzo AA. Interactions between herbs and conventional drugs: overview of the clinical data. Medical Principles and Practice. 2012;21(5):404-28.
  • Referans36. Wysowski DK, Nourjah P, Swartz L. Bleeding complications with warfarin use: a prevalent adverse effect resulting in regulatory action. Archives of internal medicine. 2007;167(13):1414-9.
  • Referans37. Veeger NJ, Piersma‐Wichers M, Tijssen JG, Hillege HL, van der Meer J. Individual time within target range in patients treated with vitamin K antagonists: main determinant of quality of anticoagulation and predictor of clinical outcome. A retrospective study of 2300 consecutive patients with venous thromboembolism. British journal of haematology. 2005;128(4):513-9.
  • Referans38. DEMİR M, TEKGÜNDÜZ E. Antitrombotik ve Antikoagülan Kullanım İlkeleri. Balkan Medical Journal. 2010;2010(1):69-73.
  • Referans39. Patel SPRSCVPN. warfarin. Treasure Island: StatPearls; 2021. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470313/.(Erişim Tarihi:20 Ağustos 2021).
  • Referans40. Gerdan V. Akılcı ilaç kullanımı: Varfarin. Ege Tıp Dergisi. 2021:19-31.
  • Referans41. Kujovich JL. Hemostatic defects in end stage liver disease. Critical care clinics. 2005;21(3):563-87.
  • Referans42. Limdi NA, Limdi MA, Cavallari L, Anderson AM, Crowley MR, Baird MF, et al. Warfarin dosing in patients with impaired kidney function. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2010;56(5):823-31.
  • Referans43. White PJ. Patient factors that influence warfarin dose response. Journal of pharmacy practice. 2010;23(3):194-204.
  • Referans44. Nelson WW, Desai S, Damaraju C, Lu L, Fields LE, Wildgoose P, et al. International normalized ratio stabilization in newly initiated warfarin patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Current medical research and opinion. 2014;30(12):2437-42.
  • Referans45. Visser LE, Bleumink GS, Trienekens PH, Vulto AG, Hofman A, Stricker BHC. The risk of overanticoagulation in patients with heart failure on coumarin anticoagulants. British journal of haematology. 2004;127(1):85-9.
  • Referans46. Clark NP, Delate T, Riggs CS, Witt DM, Hylek EM, Garcia DA, et al. Warfarin interactions with antibiotics in the ambulatory care setting. JAMA internal medicine. 2014;174(3):409-16.
  • Referans47. Cadiou G, Varin R, Levesque H, Grassi V, Benichou J, Tiret I, et al. Risk factors of vitamin K antagonist overcoagulation. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2008;100(10):685-92.
  • Referans48. Garcia D, Regan S, Crowther M, Hughes RA, Hylek EM. Warfarin maintenance dosing patterns in clinical practice. Chest. 2005;127(6):2049-56.
  • Referans49. Arya R. How I manage venous thromboembolism in pregnancy. British journal of haematology. 2011;153(6):698-708.
  • Referans50. Silveira DB, da Rosa EB, de Mattos VF, Goetze TB, Sleifer P, Santa Maria FD, et al. Importance of a multidisciplinary approach and monitoring in fetal warfarin syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 2015;167(6):1294-9.
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  • Referans59. Mercan S, Enç N. Warfarin kullanan bireylerin eğitim gereksinimleri. Türk Kardiyol Dern Türk Kardiyol Dern Kardiyovasküler Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2011;2:12-7.
  • Referans60. Baysal E, Ergin E, Pakyüz SÇ. Does in-service training affect to nurses’ knowledge level about the anticoagulant drugs? Hizmet içi eğitim verilmesi hemşirelerin antikoagülan ilaçlar hakkındaki bilgilerini etkiler mi? Journal of Human Sciences. 2016;13(3):4725-37.
  • Referans61. D'souza Sr M. Effect of Planned Teaching on knowledge and practice regarding the care of patients receiving Anti-Coagulant Therapy among the Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit in a Selected Hospital. Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research. 2015;5(3):351-62.
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The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 71 - 84, 30.12.2021

Hatice Us Gülay Yazıcı

Öz

Warfarin is the most widely used oral anticoagulant in the world for the prevention of thromboembolic events. In addition to having a narrow therapeutic effect, it is a difficult drug to use clinically due to the occurrence of significant side effects as a result of drug-drug and drug-food interactions. Although many new oral anticoagulant drugs have been found in recent years, their use is not common due to insufficient evidence. For this reason, knowing the side effects of warfarin, which drugs and foods it interacts with, dose management and mechanism of action will help to reduce any complications. For this, the training of nurses and health personnel is very important. Among the health professionals, the nurse is the first professional group to communicate with the patient and their family and access the first information. One of the most important responsibilities of nurses is patient education. The nurse should be able to provide the patient to use warfarin safely and protect the patient from possible problems with patient education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anticoagulant drugs nursing patient education warfarin

Kaynakça

  • Referans1. Kandemir H. New oral anticoagulants. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2(1):24-9.
  • Referans2. Yaka E, Pekdemir M, Yılmaz S, Akalın E. Acil servis hastalarında oral antikoagülan tedavi bilgi düzeylerinin araştırılması. Tr J Emerg Med. 2011;11(4):155-60.
  • Referans3. Ansell J, Hirsh J, Hylek E, Jacobson A, Crowther M, Palareti G. Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2008;133(6):160S-98S.
  • Referans4. DAĞCI SS, Besey Ö. Varfarin kullanan inmeli hastalara verilen eğitimin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2015;19(1):1-6.
  • Referans5. Zapata LV, Hansten PD, Panic J, Horn JR, Boyce RD, Gephart S, et al. Risk of Bleeding with Exposure to Warfarin and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2020;120(7):1066.
  • Referans6. Cabral K, Ansell J, Hylek E. Future directions of stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: the potential impact of novel anticoagulants and stroke risk stratification. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2011;9(3):441-9.
  • Referans7. Alay M, Demir C, Atmaca M, Esen R, Dilek İ. Oral antikoagülan tedavi seyrinde kanama komplikasyonu ile gelen hastaların değerlendirilmesi. Van Tıp Dergisi. 2011;18(1):9-14.
  • Referans8. Darnell SW, Davis SC, Whitcomb JJ, Manfredi JA, McLaurin BT. Bleeding risk factors affecting warfarin therapy in the elderly with atrial fibrillation. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing. 2014;33(2):57-63.
  • Referans9. Ansell J, Hirsh J, Poller L, Bussey H, Jacobson A, Hylek E. The pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3):204S-33S.
  • Referans10. UZUN Ş. Warfarin kullanan bireylerin eğitiminde hemşirenin rolü. MN Kardiyoloji. 2006;13(5):352-4.
  • Referans11. Sayhan MB, Oguz S, Yüksel V, Hüseyin S, Sayhan ES, Yagci G. The analysis of patients admitted to the emergency department due to complications related to Warfarin treatment. Eurasian Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2014;13(4):194.
  • Referans12. Yaylacı S, Ösken A, Aydın E, Genç AB, Şahinkuş S, Can Y, et al. İç hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran varfarin kullanan hastalar ve etkin INR’ye ulaşma oranları. Kocaeli Tıp Dergisi. 2014;3(3):18-21.
  • Referans13. Voora D, McLeod HL, Eby C, Gage BF. The pharmacogenetics of coumarin therapy. 2005.
  • Referans14. Cook-Campbell J, Sefton M. Discharge teaching about warfarin: patient retention of knowledge. Home Healthcare Now. 2010;28(6):366-74.
  • Referans15. Cheah GM, Martens KH. Coumadin knowledge deficits: do recently hospitalized patients know how to safely manage the medication? Home Healthcare Now. 2003;21(2):94-100.
  • Referans16. YAKAR Ş, BAYKAN N, DURUKAN P, ÖZKAN S. Acil Servis Başvurularında Varfarin İlişkili Komplikasyonların ve Hastaların İlaç Bilgi Düzeyinin Değerlendirilmesi. 2020; 6(2):231-236.
  • Referans17. Lane DA, Ponsford J, Shelley A, Sirpal A, Lip GY. Patient knowledge and perceptions of atrial fibrillation and anticoagulant therapy: effects of an educational intervention programme: the West Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Project. International journal of cardiology. 2006;110(3):354-8.
  • Referans18. Accreditation program: Hospital national patient safety goals (NPSG), direct-oral-anticoagulant 2019 [Available from: http://thejointcommission.org (Erişim Tarihi: 20 Ağustos 2021).
  • Referans19. Joint Commission’s 2011 National Patient Safety Goal 1 january 2011 [The Joint Commission. Accreditation program: ambulatory care. National Patient Safety Goals]. Available from: http://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/6/2011_NPSGs_AHC.pdf.(Erişim Tarihi:20 Ağustos 2021).
  • Referans20. Porter B. The role of the advanced practice nurse in anticoagulation. AACN clinical issues. 2002;13(2):221-33.
  • Referans21. Weitz JI, Gross PL. New oral anticoagulants: which one should my patient use? Hematology 2010, the American Society of Hematology Education Program Book. 2012;2012(1):536-40.
  • Referans22. AŞİRET GD, ÖZDEMİR L. Antikoagülan ilaçların güvenli kullanımında hemşirenin sorumlulukları. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012;19(2):58-68.
  • Referans23. de Lara Lavítola P, Spina GS, Sampaio RO, Tarasoutchi F, Grinberg M. Bleeding during oral anticoagulant therapy: warning against a greater hazard. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009;93(2):163-7.
  • Referans24. Dumas S, Rouleau-Mailloux E, Bouchama N, Lahcene H, Talajic M, Tardif J-C, et al. Pillbox use and INR stability in a prospective cohort of new warfarin users. Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy. 2016;22(6):676-84.
  • Referans25. Desmond D, Kogan P, Underwood S, Brobbey E, Luib P. Performance improvement in managed long-term care: improving warfarin medication management. Home Healthcare Now. 2009;27(3):150-9.
  • Referans26. Hirsh J, Fuster V, Ansell J, Halperin JL. American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology foundation guide to warfarin therapy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2003;41(9):1633-52.
  • Referans27. Oterhals K, Deaton C, De Geest S, Jaarsma T, Lenzen M, Moons P, et al. European cardiac nurses’ current practice and knowledge on anticoagulation therapy. European journal of cardiovascular nursing. 2014;13(3):261-9.
  • Referans28. Ferguson C, Inglis SC, Newton PJ, Middleton S, Macdonald PS, Davidson PM. Education and practice gaps on atrial fibrillation and anticoagulation: a survey of cardiovascular nurses. BMC medical education. 2016;16(1):1-10.
  • Referans29. TÜLÜCE D, BOSTANOĞLU H. PIHTI ÖNLEYİCİ TEDAVİ: HEMŞİRELİK YAKLAŞIMLARI. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2016;19(4).
  • Referans30. Pıhtıönler İlaç (Coumadin) Kullanan Hastalar İçin Kılavuz. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği. 2012;2. baskı.
  • Referans31. Salman E, Erdoğan K, Sağlam MF, HIDIROĞLU M. Mekanik Kalp Kapaklı Hastalarda Antikoagülan Kullanımı ve Warfarin Direnci. Ankara Medical Journal. 2015;15(2).
  • Referans32. Nadkarni A, Oldham MA, Howard M, Berenbaum I. Drug‐Drug Interactions Between Warfarin and Psychotropics: Updated Review of the Literature. Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2012;32(10):932-42.
  • Referans33. Nutescu E, Chuatrisorn I, Hellenbart E. Drug and dietary interactions of warfarin and novel oral anticoagulants: an update. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis. 2011;31(3):326-43.
  • Referans34. Samur G. Vitaminler mineraller ve sağlığımız Hacettepe Üniversitesi-Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü. Ankara; 2008.
  • Referans35. Izzo AA. Interactions between herbs and conventional drugs: overview of the clinical data. Medical Principles and Practice. 2012;21(5):404-28.
  • Referans36. Wysowski DK, Nourjah P, Swartz L. Bleeding complications with warfarin use: a prevalent adverse effect resulting in regulatory action. Archives of internal medicine. 2007;167(13):1414-9.
  • Referans37. Veeger NJ, Piersma‐Wichers M, Tijssen JG, Hillege HL, van der Meer J. Individual time within target range in patients treated with vitamin K antagonists: main determinant of quality of anticoagulation and predictor of clinical outcome. A retrospective study of 2300 consecutive patients with venous thromboembolism. British journal of haematology. 2005;128(4):513-9.
  • Referans38. DEMİR M, TEKGÜNDÜZ E. Antitrombotik ve Antikoagülan Kullanım İlkeleri. Balkan Medical Journal. 2010;2010(1):69-73.
  • Referans39. Patel SPRSCVPN. warfarin. Treasure Island: StatPearls; 2021. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470313/.(Erişim Tarihi:20 Ağustos 2021).
  • Referans40. Gerdan V. Akılcı ilaç kullanımı: Varfarin. Ege Tıp Dergisi. 2021:19-31.
  • Referans41. Kujovich JL. Hemostatic defects in end stage liver disease. Critical care clinics. 2005;21(3):563-87.
  • Referans42. Limdi NA, Limdi MA, Cavallari L, Anderson AM, Crowley MR, Baird MF, et al. Warfarin dosing in patients with impaired kidney function. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2010;56(5):823-31.
  • Referans43. White PJ. Patient factors that influence warfarin dose response. Journal of pharmacy practice. 2010;23(3):194-204.
  • Referans44. Nelson WW, Desai S, Damaraju C, Lu L, Fields LE, Wildgoose P, et al. International normalized ratio stabilization in newly initiated warfarin patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Current medical research and opinion. 2014;30(12):2437-42.
  • Referans45. Visser LE, Bleumink GS, Trienekens PH, Vulto AG, Hofman A, Stricker BHC. The risk of overanticoagulation in patients with heart failure on coumarin anticoagulants. British journal of haematology. 2004;127(1):85-9.
  • Referans46. Clark NP, Delate T, Riggs CS, Witt DM, Hylek EM, Garcia DA, et al. Warfarin interactions with antibiotics in the ambulatory care setting. JAMA internal medicine. 2014;174(3):409-16.
  • Referans47. Cadiou G, Varin R, Levesque H, Grassi V, Benichou J, Tiret I, et al. Risk factors of vitamin K antagonist overcoagulation. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2008;100(10):685-92.
  • Referans48. Garcia D, Regan S, Crowther M, Hughes RA, Hylek EM. Warfarin maintenance dosing patterns in clinical practice. Chest. 2005;127(6):2049-56.
  • Referans49. Arya R. How I manage venous thromboembolism in pregnancy. British journal of haematology. 2011;153(6):698-708.
  • Referans50. Silveira DB, da Rosa EB, de Mattos VF, Goetze TB, Sleifer P, Santa Maria FD, et al. Importance of a multidisciplinary approach and monitoring in fetal warfarin syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 2015;167(6):1294-9.
  • Referans51. Hall JG, Pauli RM, Wilson KM. Maternal and fetal sequelae of anticoagulation during pregnancy. The American journal of medicine. 1980;68(1):122-40.
  • Referans52. Hadlock GC, Burnett AE, Nutescu EA. Warfarin. Anticoagulation therapy: Springer; 2018. p. 9-30.
  • Referans53. Doherty JU, Gluckman TJ, Hucker WJ, Januzzi JL, Ortel TL, Saxonhouse SJ, et al. 2017 ACC expert consensus decision pathway for periprocedural management of anticoagulation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology Clinical Expert Consensus Document Task Force. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017;69(7):871-98.
  • Referans54. Douketis JD, Spyropoulos AC, Spencer FA, Mayr M, Jaffer AK, Eckman MH, et al. Perioperative management of antithrombotic therapy: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2012;141(2):e326S-e50S.
  • Referans55. Wang Y, Kong MC, Lee LH, Ng HJ, Ko Y. Knowledge, satisfaction, and concerns regarding warfarin therapy and their association with warfarin adherence and anticoagulation control. Thrombosis research. 2014;133(4):550-4.
  • Referans56. Johnson C, Lane H, Barber P, Charleston A. Medication compliance in ischaemic stroke patients. Internal medicine journal. 2012;42(4):e47-e52.
  • Referans57. Manzato RdO, Ciol MA, Bolela F, Dessotte CAM, Rossi LA, Dantas RAS. The effect of reinforcing an educational programme using telephone follow‐up on health‐related quality of life of individuals using warfarin: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2021.
  • Referans58. Singla DL, Jasser G, Wilson R. Effects of group education on patient satisfaction, knowledge gained, and cost-efficiency in an anticoagulation center. Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 2003;43(2):264-6.
  • Referans59. Mercan S, Enç N. Warfarin kullanan bireylerin eğitim gereksinimleri. Türk Kardiyol Dern Türk Kardiyol Dern Kardiyovasküler Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2011;2:12-7.
  • Referans60. Baysal E, Ergin E, Pakyüz SÇ. Does in-service training affect to nurses’ knowledge level about the anticoagulant drugs? Hizmet içi eğitim verilmesi hemşirelerin antikoagülan ilaçlar hakkındaki bilgilerini etkiler mi? Journal of Human Sciences. 2016;13(3):4725-37.
  • Referans61. D'souza Sr M. Effect of Planned Teaching on knowledge and practice regarding the care of patients receiving Anti-Coagulant Therapy among the Nurses in the Intensive Care Unit in a Selected Hospital. Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research. 2015;5(3):351-62.
  • Referans62. Abd El-Naby AG, Hashemand H, Ismail G. Evaluation of a designed warfarin educational program on patients’ knowledge and incidence of side effects. Global Journal of Pharmacology. 2014;8(4):592-600.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Hatice Us

Gülay Yazıcı 0000-0001-8195-3791

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Us, H., & Yazıcı, G. (2021). Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 71-84.
AMA Us H, Yazıcı G. Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. Aralık 2021;4(3):71-84.
Chicago Us, Hatice, ve Gülay Yazıcı. “Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword”. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 4, sy. 3 (Aralık 2021): 71-84.
EndNote Us H, Yazıcı G (01 Aralık 2021) Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 4 3 71–84.
IEEE H. Us ve G. Yazıcı, “Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword”, Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 3, ss. 71–84, 2021.
ISNAD Us, Hatice - Yazıcı, Gülay. “Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword”. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 4/3 (Aralık 2021), 71-84.
JAMA Us H, Yazıcı G. Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2021;4:71–84.
MLA Us, Hatice ve Gülay Yazıcı. “Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword”. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 4, sy. 3, 2021, ss. 71-84.
Vancouver Us H, Yazıcı G. Varfarin Kullanımında Hemşirenin Önemi: İki Ucu Keskin Bıçak The Importance of The Nurse at The Use of Warfarin: Double-Edged Sword. Türkiye Sağlık Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2021;4(3):71-84.
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