Öz
IIntroduction: There have been changes in the delivery of nursing care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatric care has also been affected by these changes.
Objective: This study was conducted to examine the thoughts and experiences of nurses regarding the psychiatric care they provided during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: One of the qualitative research methods, the case study method, has been utilized in this study. Research sampling consisted of 11 volunteer nurses working in psychiatric settings within the center of Antalya, Turkey. Research data were obtained via Personal Information Form and Semi-structured Interview Form designed to hold personal in-depth interviews. The descriptive analysis method was employed in the analysis of qualitative data.
Results: 90.9% of the participants were female and their mean age was 42.09. Six main themes and 18 subthemes were identified concerning the psychiatric care provided during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings showed that pandemic conditions negatively impacted psychiatric care. Group activities in psychiatric care decreased, the need for individual training and follow-up of COVID-19 symptoms increased, and nurses had difficulty in their caregiver roles. Although the care burden of nurses increased, the number of staff working in psychiatric settings decreased.
Conclusion: Due to the pandemic conditions, the regulations made in the psychiatric setting (mask, distance and hygiene rules, use of protective equipment, training, etc.) adversely affect the quality of psychiatric care. To assure the continuity of psychiatric care during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is suggested to enhance the motivation of nurses, reconstruct the activities in accordance with pandemic conditions, rehabilitate the physical conditions of the institutions, and increase the time spent with the patients.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Psychiatric care psychiatric nursing psychiatric settings COVID-19 pandemic qualitative study
Kaynakça
- 1. World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation (Report No. 1) 21 January 2020. Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
- 2. Fusar-Poli P, Brambilla P, Solmi M. Learning from COVID-19 pandemic in northern Italy: Impact on mental health and clinical care. Journal of Affective Disorders 2020; 275: 78-79.
- 3. Xiang YT, Zhao YJ, Liu ZH, Li XH, Zhao N, Cheung T, et al. The COVID-19 outbreak and psychiatric hospitals in China: managing challenges through mental health service reform. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 2020;16(10): 1741-44.
- 4. Grover S, Mehra A, Sahoo S, Avasthi A, Tripathi A, D'Souza A, et al. State of mental health services in various training centers in India during the lockdown and COVID-19pandemic. Indian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 62(4): 363-9.
- 5. Moreno C, Wykes T, Galderisi S, Nordentoft M, Crossley N, Jones N, et al. How mental health care should change as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7(9): 813-24.
- 6. Percudani M, Corradin M, Moreno M, Indelicato A, Vita A. Mental health services in Lombardy during COVID-19 outbreak. Psychiatry Research 2020; 288 (112980): 1-3.
- 7. Bojdani E, Rajagopalan A, Chen A, Gearin P, Olcott W, Shankar V, et al. COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Psychiatric Care in the United States, a Review. Psychiatry Research 2020; 289 (113069): 1-6.
- 8. Li L. Challenges and priorities in responding to COVID-19 in patient psychiatry. Psychiatric Services 2020; 71(6): 624-6.
- 9. American Nurses Association, American Psychiatric Nurses Association. Psychiatric–mental health nursing: Scope and standards of practice (2nd ed.). Nursebooks.org, 2014.
- 10. Videbeck S. Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing (8th edition). Wolters Kluwer; 2020.
- 11. Madsen MM, Dines D, Hieronymus F. Optimizing psychiatric care during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2020; 142(1): 70-71.
- 12. Stake RE.Multiple case study analysis. New York: Guilford Press; 2013.
- 13. Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Qualitative research methods in the social sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing; 2016.
- 14. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977; 33(1): 159-74.
- 15. Buldukoğlu K. Values in Psychiatric Care. Turkiye Klinikleri Psychiatric Nursing - Special Topics 2015; 1: 9-15.
- 16. Hernández-Huerta D, Alonso-Sánchez EB, Carrajo-Garcia CA, Montes-Rodríguez JM. The impact of COVID-19 on acute psychiatric inpatient unit. Psychiatry Research 2020; 290(113107): 1-2.
- 17. Arango C. Lessons learned from the coronavirus health crisis in Madrid, Spain: how COVID-19 has changed our lives in the last 2 weeks. Biological Psychiatry 2020; 88(7): e33-e34.
- 18. Rossi R, Socci V, Pacitti F, DiLorenzo G, DiMarco A, Siracusano A et al. Mental health outcomes among front line and second-line healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Italy. JAMA Network Open 2020; 3(5): e2010185-e2010185.
- 19. Xiao X, Zhu X, Fu S, Hu Y, Li X, Xiao J. Psychological impact of healthcare workers in China during COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic: A multi-center cross-sectional survey investigation. Journal of Affective Disorders 2020; 274: 405-410.
- 20. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among healthcare workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open 2020; 3(3): e203976-e203976.
- 21. Luceño-Moreno L, Talavera-Velasco B, García-Albuerne Y, Martín-García J. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, levels of resilience and burnout in Spanish health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. International journal of environmental research and public health 2020; 17(15): 5514-39.
- 22. Johnson S, Dalton-Locke C, San Juan NV, Foye U, Oram S, Papamichail A et al. (2021). Impact on mental health care and on mental health service users of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods survey of UK mental healthcare staff. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2021; 56(1): 25-37.
Öz
Giriş: COVID-19 pandemisinde hemşirelik bakımının sunulmasında değişiklikler olmuştur. Psikiyatrik bakım da bu değişikliklerden etkilenmiştir.
Amaç: Bu çalışma, COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde verilen psikiyatrik bakımı hemşirelerin bakış açısıyla değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Antalya il merkezindeki psikiyatri kliniklerinde/birimlerinde çalışan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 11 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve bireysel derinlemesine görüşmeler yapmak amacıyla oluşturulmuş Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Kalitatif verilerin analizinde, betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %90.9’u kadın olup, yaş ortalamaları 42.09’dur. Betimsel analiz sonucu, COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde verilen psikiyatrik bakım ile ilgili altı ana tema ve 18 alt tema belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, pandemi koşullarına göre yapılan düzenlemelerin psikiyatrik bakımı olumsuz yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Psikiyatrik bakımda grup aktiviteleri azalmış, bireysel eğitim ihtiyacı ve COVID-19 semptomlarının takibi artmıştır. Hemşirelerin bakım yükü artmasına rağmen psikiyatrik ortamlarda çalışan personel sayısı azalmıştır.
Sonuç: Pandemi koşulları nedeniyle klinik işleyişinde yapılan düzenlemeler (maske, mesafe ve hijyen kuralları, koruyucu ekipman kullanımı, eğitim verme vb.) psikiyatrik bakımın niteliğini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Pandemi koşullarına göre düzenleme yaparken aynı zamanda psikiyatrik bakımın sürekliliğini sağlayacak planlamalara ihtiyaç vardır. Pandemi sürecinde verilen psikiyatrik bakımın sürekliliğini sağlamak için hemşirelerin motivasyonlarının artırılması, etkinliklerin pandemi koşullarına göre yeniden yapılandırılması, kurumların fiziki şartlarının iyileştirilmesi ve hastalarla geçirilen zamanın artırılması önerilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Psikiyatrik bakım psikiyatri hemşireliği psikiyatri kliniği COVID-19 pandemisi nitel çalışma
Kaynakça
- 1. World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation (Report No. 1) 21 January 2020. Available from: URL: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4
- 2. Fusar-Poli P, Brambilla P, Solmi M. Learning from COVID-19 pandemic in northern Italy: Impact on mental health and clinical care. Journal of Affective Disorders 2020; 275: 78-79.
- 3. Xiang YT, Zhao YJ, Liu ZH, Li XH, Zhao N, Cheung T, et al. The COVID-19 outbreak and psychiatric hospitals in China: managing challenges through mental health service reform. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 2020;16(10): 1741-44.
- 4. Grover S, Mehra A, Sahoo S, Avasthi A, Tripathi A, D'Souza A, et al. State of mental health services in various training centers in India during the lockdown and COVID-19pandemic. Indian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 62(4): 363-9.
- 5. Moreno C, Wykes T, Galderisi S, Nordentoft M, Crossley N, Jones N, et al. How mental health care should change as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7(9): 813-24.
- 6. Percudani M, Corradin M, Moreno M, Indelicato A, Vita A. Mental health services in Lombardy during COVID-19 outbreak. Psychiatry Research 2020; 288 (112980): 1-3.
- 7. Bojdani E, Rajagopalan A, Chen A, Gearin P, Olcott W, Shankar V, et al. COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Psychiatric Care in the United States, a Review. Psychiatry Research 2020; 289 (113069): 1-6.
- 8. Li L. Challenges and priorities in responding to COVID-19 in patient psychiatry. Psychiatric Services 2020; 71(6): 624-6.
- 9. American Nurses Association, American Psychiatric Nurses Association. Psychiatric–mental health nursing: Scope and standards of practice (2nd ed.). Nursebooks.org, 2014.
- 10. Videbeck S. Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing (8th edition). Wolters Kluwer; 2020.
- 11. Madsen MM, Dines D, Hieronymus F. Optimizing psychiatric care during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2020; 142(1): 70-71.
- 12. Stake RE.Multiple case study analysis. New York: Guilford Press; 2013.
- 13. Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Qualitative research methods in the social sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing; 2016.
- 14. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977; 33(1): 159-74.
- 15. Buldukoğlu K. Values in Psychiatric Care. Turkiye Klinikleri Psychiatric Nursing - Special Topics 2015; 1: 9-15.
- 16. Hernández-Huerta D, Alonso-Sánchez EB, Carrajo-Garcia CA, Montes-Rodríguez JM. The impact of COVID-19 on acute psychiatric inpatient unit. Psychiatry Research 2020; 290(113107): 1-2.
- 17. Arango C. Lessons learned from the coronavirus health crisis in Madrid, Spain: how COVID-19 has changed our lives in the last 2 weeks. Biological Psychiatry 2020; 88(7): e33-e34.
- 18. Rossi R, Socci V, Pacitti F, DiLorenzo G, DiMarco A, Siracusano A et al. Mental health outcomes among front line and second-line healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Italy. JAMA Network Open 2020; 3(5): e2010185-e2010185.
- 19. Xiao X, Zhu X, Fu S, Hu Y, Li X, Xiao J. Psychological impact of healthcare workers in China during COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic: A multi-center cross-sectional survey investigation. Journal of Affective Disorders 2020; 274: 405-410.
- 20. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among healthcare workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open 2020; 3(3): e203976-e203976.
- 21. Luceño-Moreno L, Talavera-Velasco B, García-Albuerne Y, Martín-García J. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression, levels of resilience and burnout in Spanish health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. International journal of environmental research and public health 2020; 17(15): 5514-39.
- 22. Johnson S, Dalton-Locke C, San Juan NV, Foye U, Oram S, Papamichail A et al. (2021). Impact on mental health care and on mental health service users of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods survey of UK mental healthcare staff. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2021; 56(1): 25-37.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hemşirelik, Ruh Sağlığı Hemşireliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 19 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3 |
