Research Article
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Association of Frailty with Serum Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Levels

Year 2022, , 119 - 125, 01.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.31067/acusaglik.948574

Abstract

Objective: Given that there is limited number of studies investigated joint effect of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in frailty syndrome, we aimed to evaluate association of frailty with serum vitamin D and PTH levels.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on individuals aged >65 years. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected using sociodemographic data sheet, Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, & Loss of Weight (FRAIL) scale and Study of Osteoporotic Fracture (SOF) index via face-to-face interview. The study included data from 513 subjects. Chi-square test was used in analyses. A p value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: The mean age was 71.9±6.4 years in the study population. Of the subjects, 75.2% were women and 77.2% were married while 61.8% were illiterate and 99.2% had own income. The prevalence of frailty elder was found as 46.8% by FRAIL scale and 51.3% by SOF index while pre-fail elder prevalence was found as 45.2% by FRAIL scale and 33.3% by SOF index.
Conclusion: It was found that frail elder prevalence was increased by advancing age, female gender and presence of comorbidity and that low serum vitamin D and elevated PTH levels were closely associated with prevalence of frail elder.

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References

  • 1. Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ 2005; 173: 489–95. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.050051.
  • 2. Topinkova E. Aging, disability and frailty. Ann Nutr Metab 2008; 52(Suppl 1): 6–11. https://doi.org/10.1159/000115340
  • 3. Walston J, Hadley EC, Ferrucci L, et al. Research agenda for frailty in older adults. toward a better understanding of physiology and etiology: Summary from the American Geriatrics Society/ National Institute on Ageing Research Conference on Frailty in Older Adults. J Am Geriat Soc 2006; 54(6):991-1001. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00745.x.
  • 4. Fried LP, Ferrucci L, Darer J, Williamson JD, Anderson G. Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004;59(3):255-63. doi: 10.1093/gerona/59.3.m255.
  • 5. Rose M, Pan H, Levinson MR, Staples M. Can frailty predict complicated care needs and length of stay? Intern Med J 2014; 44(8),800-5. doi: 10.1111/imj.12502.
  • 6. Byard RW. Frailty syndrome–medicolegal considerations. Journal of forensic and legal medicine. 2015;30:34-8. Doı: 10.1016/j.jflm.2014.12.016
  • 7. Zaslavsky O, Cochrane BB, Thompson HJ, Woods NF, Herting JR, LaCroix AA. Frailty: A Review Of The First Decade Of Research. Biological Research For Nursing 2012; 15(4):422-432. doi: 10.1177/1099800412462866.
  • 8. Shardell M, Hicks GE, Miller RR et al. Association of low vitamin D levels with the frailty syndrome in men and women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009; 64: 69–75. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gln007.
  • 9. Wilhelm-Leen ER, Hall YN, Deboer IH, Chertow GM. Vitamin D deficiency and frailty in older Americans. J Intern Med 2010; 268: 171–80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02248.x.
  • 10. Ensrud KE, Ewing SK, Fredman L et al. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and frailty status in older women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 5266–73. Doı: 10.1210/jc.2010-2317
  • 11. Chang CI, Chan DC, Kuo KN, Hsiung CA, Chen CY. Vitamin D insufficiency and frailty syndrome in older adults living in a Northern Taiwan community. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2010; 50(Suppl 1): S17–21. doi: 10.1016/S0167-4943(10)70006-6.
  • 12. Lips P. Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly: consequences for bone loss and fractures and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev 2001; 22:477–501. doi: 10.1210/edrv.22.4.0437.
  • 13. Visser M, Deeg DJ, Lips P. Low vitamin D and high parathyroid hormone levels as determinants of loss of muscle strength and muscle mass (sarcopenia): the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88: 5766–72. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-030604.
  • 14. Houston DK, Cesari M, Ferrucci L et al. Association between vitamin D status and physical performance: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007; 62: 440–6. doi: 10.1093/gerona/62.4.440.
  • 15. Fried L P, Tangen C M, Walston J.et al Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 56(3):M146-56.doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146.
  • 16. Mitnitski A, Song X, Skoog I.et al Relative fitness and frailty of elderly men and women in developed countries and their relationship with mortality. J Am Geriatr Soc 53(12):2184-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00506.x.
  • 17. Akın S, Mazıcıoglu MM, Mucuk S, Gocer S, Deniz Şafak E, Arguvanlı S, et al. The prevalence of frailty and related factors in community-dwelling Turkish elderly according to modified Fried Frailty Index and FRAIL scales. Aging Clin Exp Res 2015; 27(5): 703–9. Doi: 10.1007/s40520-015-0337-0.
  • 18. Eyigor S, Kutsal YG, Duran E, Huner B, Paker N, Durmus B, et al. Frailty prevalence and related factors in the older adult—FrailTURK Project. Age (Omaha) 2015; 37(3): 50.
  • 19. Morley JE, Malmstrom TK, Miller DK (2012) A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans. J Nutr Health Aging 16(7):601–608. doi: 10.1007/s12603-012-0084-2.
  • 20. Ensrud KE, Ewing SK, Taylor BC, et al. Comparison of 2 frailty indexes for prediction of falls, disability, fractures, and death in older women. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168(4):382-9. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2007.113.
  • 21. Jung HW, Yoo HJ, Park SY, Kim SW, Choi JY, Yoon SJ, et al. The Korean version of the FRAIL scale: clinical feasibility and validity of assessing the frailty status of Korean elderly. Korean J Intern Med. 2016;31(3):594-600. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2014.331.
  • 22. Diaz de Leon Gonzalez E, Gutierrez Hermosillo H, Martinez Beltran JA, Chavez JH, Palacios Corona R, Salinas Garza DP, et al. Validation of the FRAIL scale in Mexican elderly: results from the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016;28(5):901-8. doi: 10.1007/s40520-015-0497-y.
  • 23. Dong L, Qiao X, Tian X, Liu N, Jin Y, Si H, et al. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the FRAIL Scale in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017. 60 doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.06.011.
  • 24. Gardiner PA, Mishra GD, Dobson AJ. Validity and responsiveness of the FRAIL scale in a longitudinal cohort study of older Australian women. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015;16(9):781-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.005.
  • 25. Lopez D, Flicker L, Dobson A. Validation of the frail scale in a cohort of older Australian women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012;60(1):171-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03746.x.
  • 26. Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M et al (1982–1983) Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 17:37–49. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4.
  • 27. Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jul;96(7):1911-30. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-0385
  • 28. Lally F, Crome P. Understanding frailty. Postgrad Med J 2007; ;83(975);16–20. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.2006.048587
  • 29. Bahat G, Saka B, Tufan F, Akın S, Çakır FN, Yüce N, Erten N, Karan MA. Bakımevinde Kalan Yatağa Bağımlı Olmayan Yaşlılarda Kırılganlık. Geriatri ve Geriatrik Nöropsikiyatri Dergisi 2009; 1(Özel):91-92.
  • 30. Strandberg T. E, Pitkala K. H, Tilvis R.S. Frailty in older people. European Geriatric Medicine, 2011; 2(6): 344–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2011.08.003
  • 31. Woods NF, LaCroix AZ, Gray SL, Aragaki A, Cochrane BB, Brunner RL, et al. Frailty: emergence and consequences in women aged 65 and older in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(8):1321- 30. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53405.x.
  • 32. Bandeen-Roche K, Xue QL, Ferrucci L, Walston J, Guralnik JM, Chaves,P, Zeger SL, Fried LP Phenotype of frailty: characterization in the women's health and aging studies. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 2006;61( 3); 262-266. doi: 10.1093/gerona/61.3.262.
  • 33. Pegoran MS, Tavares DMS. Factors associated with the frailty syndrome in elderly individuals living in the urban area. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2014; 22(5):874-882. doi: 10.1590/0104-1169.0213.2493.
  • 34. Zhou J, Huang P, Liu P, Hao Q, Chen S, Dong B, et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturitas 2016; 94: 70–6. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.09.003.
  • 35. Artaza-Artabe I, Sáez-López P, Sánchez-Hernández N, Fernández-Gutierrez N, Malafarina V. The relationship between nutrition and frailty: Effects of protein intake, nutritional supplementation, vitamin D and exercise on muscle metabolism in the elderly. A systematic review. Maturitas 2016; 93: 89–99. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.04.009.
  • 36. Eyigor S., Kutsal Y. G. (2010). Kırılgan Yaslıya Yaklasım, Türk Fiz Tıp Rehab Dergisi, 56:135-40.
  • 37. Chowdhury R, Peel NM, Krosch M, Hubbard RE. Frailty and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2017;68:135-42. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.10.007.
  • 38. Tajar A, Lee DM, Pye SR, O’Connell MD, Ravindrarajah R, Gielen E, et al. The association of frailty with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels in older European men. Age Ageing 2013;42(3):352-9. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afs162.
  • 39. Lips P. Vitamin D physiology. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2006; 92: 4–8. Doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2006.02.016
  • 40. Cesari M, Penninx BW, Pahor M et al. Inflammatory markers and physical performance in older persons: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004; 59: 242–8. doi: 10.1093/gerona/59.3.m242.
  • 41. Deutch SR, Jensen MB, Christiansen PM, Hessov I. Muscular performance and fatigue in primary hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg 2000; 24: 102–7. doi: 10.1007/s002689910019.
Year 2022, , 119 - 125, 01.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.31067/acusaglik.948574

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • 1. Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ 2005; 173: 489–95. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.050051.
  • 2. Topinkova E. Aging, disability and frailty. Ann Nutr Metab 2008; 52(Suppl 1): 6–11. https://doi.org/10.1159/000115340
  • 3. Walston J, Hadley EC, Ferrucci L, et al. Research agenda for frailty in older adults. toward a better understanding of physiology and etiology: Summary from the American Geriatrics Society/ National Institute on Ageing Research Conference on Frailty in Older Adults. J Am Geriat Soc 2006; 54(6):991-1001. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00745.x.
  • 4. Fried LP, Ferrucci L, Darer J, Williamson JD, Anderson G. Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004;59(3):255-63. doi: 10.1093/gerona/59.3.m255.
  • 5. Rose M, Pan H, Levinson MR, Staples M. Can frailty predict complicated care needs and length of stay? Intern Med J 2014; 44(8),800-5. doi: 10.1111/imj.12502.
  • 6. Byard RW. Frailty syndrome–medicolegal considerations. Journal of forensic and legal medicine. 2015;30:34-8. Doı: 10.1016/j.jflm.2014.12.016
  • 7. Zaslavsky O, Cochrane BB, Thompson HJ, Woods NF, Herting JR, LaCroix AA. Frailty: A Review Of The First Decade Of Research. Biological Research For Nursing 2012; 15(4):422-432. doi: 10.1177/1099800412462866.
  • 8. Shardell M, Hicks GE, Miller RR et al. Association of low vitamin D levels with the frailty syndrome in men and women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009; 64: 69–75. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gln007.
  • 9. Wilhelm-Leen ER, Hall YN, Deboer IH, Chertow GM. Vitamin D deficiency and frailty in older Americans. J Intern Med 2010; 268: 171–80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02248.x.
  • 10. Ensrud KE, Ewing SK, Fredman L et al. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and frailty status in older women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 5266–73. Doı: 10.1210/jc.2010-2317
  • 11. Chang CI, Chan DC, Kuo KN, Hsiung CA, Chen CY. Vitamin D insufficiency and frailty syndrome in older adults living in a Northern Taiwan community. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2010; 50(Suppl 1): S17–21. doi: 10.1016/S0167-4943(10)70006-6.
  • 12. Lips P. Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly: consequences for bone loss and fractures and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev 2001; 22:477–501. doi: 10.1210/edrv.22.4.0437.
  • 13. Visser M, Deeg DJ, Lips P. Low vitamin D and high parathyroid hormone levels as determinants of loss of muscle strength and muscle mass (sarcopenia): the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88: 5766–72. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-030604.
  • 14. Houston DK, Cesari M, Ferrucci L et al. Association between vitamin D status and physical performance: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2007; 62: 440–6. doi: 10.1093/gerona/62.4.440.
  • 15. Fried L P, Tangen C M, Walston J.et al Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 56(3):M146-56.doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146.
  • 16. Mitnitski A, Song X, Skoog I.et al Relative fitness and frailty of elderly men and women in developed countries and their relationship with mortality. J Am Geriatr Soc 53(12):2184-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00506.x.
  • 17. Akın S, Mazıcıoglu MM, Mucuk S, Gocer S, Deniz Şafak E, Arguvanlı S, et al. The prevalence of frailty and related factors in community-dwelling Turkish elderly according to modified Fried Frailty Index and FRAIL scales. Aging Clin Exp Res 2015; 27(5): 703–9. Doi: 10.1007/s40520-015-0337-0.
  • 18. Eyigor S, Kutsal YG, Duran E, Huner B, Paker N, Durmus B, et al. Frailty prevalence and related factors in the older adult—FrailTURK Project. Age (Omaha) 2015; 37(3): 50.
  • 19. Morley JE, Malmstrom TK, Miller DK (2012) A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans. J Nutr Health Aging 16(7):601–608. doi: 10.1007/s12603-012-0084-2.
  • 20. Ensrud KE, Ewing SK, Taylor BC, et al. Comparison of 2 frailty indexes for prediction of falls, disability, fractures, and death in older women. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168(4):382-9. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2007.113.
  • 21. Jung HW, Yoo HJ, Park SY, Kim SW, Choi JY, Yoon SJ, et al. The Korean version of the FRAIL scale: clinical feasibility and validity of assessing the frailty status of Korean elderly. Korean J Intern Med. 2016;31(3):594-600. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2014.331.
  • 22. Diaz de Leon Gonzalez E, Gutierrez Hermosillo H, Martinez Beltran JA, Chavez JH, Palacios Corona R, Salinas Garza DP, et al. Validation of the FRAIL scale in Mexican elderly: results from the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016;28(5):901-8. doi: 10.1007/s40520-015-0497-y.
  • 23. Dong L, Qiao X, Tian X, Liu N, Jin Y, Si H, et al. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the FRAIL Scale in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017. 60 doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.06.011.
  • 24. Gardiner PA, Mishra GD, Dobson AJ. Validity and responsiveness of the FRAIL scale in a longitudinal cohort study of older Australian women. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015;16(9):781-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.005.
  • 25. Lopez D, Flicker L, Dobson A. Validation of the frail scale in a cohort of older Australian women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012;60(1):171-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03746.x.
  • 26. Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M et al (1982–1983) Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res 17:37–49. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4.
  • 27. Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM, Hanley DA, Heaney RP et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jul;96(7):1911-30. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-0385
  • 28. Lally F, Crome P. Understanding frailty. Postgrad Med J 2007; ;83(975);16–20. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.2006.048587
  • 29. Bahat G, Saka B, Tufan F, Akın S, Çakır FN, Yüce N, Erten N, Karan MA. Bakımevinde Kalan Yatağa Bağımlı Olmayan Yaşlılarda Kırılganlık. Geriatri ve Geriatrik Nöropsikiyatri Dergisi 2009; 1(Özel):91-92.
  • 30. Strandberg T. E, Pitkala K. H, Tilvis R.S. Frailty in older people. European Geriatric Medicine, 2011; 2(6): 344–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2011.08.003
  • 31. Woods NF, LaCroix AZ, Gray SL, Aragaki A, Cochrane BB, Brunner RL, et al. Frailty: emergence and consequences in women aged 65 and older in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(8):1321- 30. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53405.x.
  • 32. Bandeen-Roche K, Xue QL, Ferrucci L, Walston J, Guralnik JM, Chaves,P, Zeger SL, Fried LP Phenotype of frailty: characterization in the women's health and aging studies. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 2006;61( 3); 262-266. doi: 10.1093/gerona/61.3.262.
  • 33. Pegoran MS, Tavares DMS. Factors associated with the frailty syndrome in elderly individuals living in the urban area. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2014; 22(5):874-882. doi: 10.1590/0104-1169.0213.2493.
  • 34. Zhou J, Huang P, Liu P, Hao Q, Chen S, Dong B, et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturitas 2016; 94: 70–6. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.09.003.
  • 35. Artaza-Artabe I, Sáez-López P, Sánchez-Hernández N, Fernández-Gutierrez N, Malafarina V. The relationship between nutrition and frailty: Effects of protein intake, nutritional supplementation, vitamin D and exercise on muscle metabolism in the elderly. A systematic review. Maturitas 2016; 93: 89–99. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.04.009.
  • 36. Eyigor S., Kutsal Y. G. (2010). Kırılgan Yaslıya Yaklasım, Türk Fiz Tıp Rehab Dergisi, 56:135-40.
  • 37. Chowdhury R, Peel NM, Krosch M, Hubbard RE. Frailty and chronic kidney disease: A systematic review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2017;68:135-42. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.10.007.
  • 38. Tajar A, Lee DM, Pye SR, O’Connell MD, Ravindrarajah R, Gielen E, et al. The association of frailty with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels in older European men. Age Ageing 2013;42(3):352-9. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afs162.
  • 39. Lips P. Vitamin D physiology. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2006; 92: 4–8. Doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2006.02.016
  • 40. Cesari M, Penninx BW, Pahor M et al. Inflammatory markers and physical performance in older persons: the InCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004; 59: 242–8. doi: 10.1093/gerona/59.3.m242.
  • 41. Deutch SR, Jensen MB, Christiansen PM, Hessov I. Muscular performance and fatigue in primary hyperparathyroidism. World J Surg 2000; 24: 102–7. doi: 10.1007/s002689910019.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Geriatrics and Gerontology, Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Şemsinnur Göçer 0000-0002-2735-0073

Özlem Balbaloğlu 0000-0003-2813-3406

Project Number -
Publication Date January 1, 2022
Submission Date June 6, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

EndNote Göçer Ş, Balbaloğlu Ö (January 1, 2022) Association of Frailty with Serum Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Levels. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13 1 119–125.