Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Aktivite, Yaşam Kalitesi ve Depresyon Seviyelerinin İncelenmesi
Öz
Amaç:Düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin yaşam biçimi haline getirilmesinde en kritik dönemlerden biri üniversite yıllarıdır. Özellikle içinde bulunduğumuz pandemi süreci,üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivitelerinin daha da azalmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin pandemi sürecindeki fiziksel aktivite seviyelerinin, yaşam kalitelerinin ve depresyon seviyelerinin durumlarını anlamak ve fiziksel aktivitenin sağlık üzerine etkileri dikkate alındığında, başta üniversite öğrencilerinde olmak üzere, fiziksel aktivite seviyelerinin önemini vurgulamak amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışma Planı:Araştırmaya çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 332 gönüllü üniversite öğrencisi,online sorgulama formunu doldurarak katılmıştır.Üniversite öğrencilerine online anket form doldurma yöntemi aracılığı ile Covid-19 pandemisi öncesinde düzenli olarak fiziksel aktivite yapıp yapmadıkları, yapıyorlarsa pandemi sürecinin ne kadar etkilediği, şu anki fiziksel aktivite, yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon seviyeleri sorgulanmıştır. Fiziksel aktivite seviyeleri; Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi ile, yaşam kaliteleri; Kısa Form-36 ile, depresyon düzeyleri; Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular:Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, pandemi sürecinde öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite miktarları ortalama 1763.57 ± 1135.41 MET-dk/hafta olduğu, %30.7’sinin fiziksel olarak aktif olmadığı, %48.5’inin fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin düşük olduğu ve %20.8’inin de fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin sağlığını korumak için yeterli olduğu saptanmıştır. Bireylerin yaşam kalitesi puanları incelendiğinde, fiziksel sağlık skorunun ortalaması 54.78 ± 5.89, mental sağlık skorunun ortalaması ise 47.12 ± 9.83 olduğu bulunurken, depresyon ölçüm sonuçları 16.03 ± 7,94 idi.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak; pandemi sürecinde üniversite öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin oldukça düşük olduğu ve bu süreçte öğrencilerin depresyon ve yaşam kalitesi seviyelerinin olumsuz yönde etkilendiği belirlendi.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Üniversite öğrencisi fiziksel aktivite depresyon yaşam kalitesi
Kaynakça
- 1) Mandolesi L, Polverino A, Montuori S, Foti F, Ferraioli G, Sorrentino P, et al. Effects of physicalexercise on cognitivefunctioningandwellbeing: biologicalandpsychologicalbenefits. Front Psychol2018;9:509.
- 2) Paluska SA, Schwenk TL. Physicalactivityandmentalhealth: currentconcepts. Sports Med 2000;29(3):167-80.
- 3) Ozmen E, Ogel K, Aker T, Sagduyu A, Tamar D, BoratavC. Publicopinionsandbeliefsaboutthetreatment of depression in urban Turkey. SocPsychiatryPsychiatr. Epidemiol 2005;40(11):869-76.
- 4) Kessler RC, Sampson NA, Berglund P, Gruber MJ, Al-Hamzawi A, Andrade L, et al. Anxiousandnon-anxiousmajordepressivedisorder in the World HealthOrganization World MentalHealthSurveys. EpidemiolPsychSci 2015;24(3):210-26.
- 5) Leitzmann MF, Park Y, Blair A, Ballard-Barbash R, Mouw T, Hollenbeck AR, et al.Physicalactivityrecommendationsanddecreased risk of mortality. ArchInternMed 2007;167(22):2453-60.
- 6) Sağlık Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu. Türkiye Fiziksel Aktivite Rehberi 2.baskı. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınları, 2014: 940.
- 7) Fernandes RA, Zanesco A. Earlyphysicalactivitypromoteslowerprevalence of chronicdiseases in adulthood. HypertensRes. 2010;33(9):926-931.
- 8) Keating XD, Guan J, Piñero JC, Bridges DM. A meta-analysis of collegestudents' physicalactivitybehaviors. J Am CollHealth. 2005;54(2):116-125.
- 9) Thome J, Espelage DL. Relationsamongexercise, coping, disorderedeating, andpsychologicalhealthamongcollegestudents. EatBehav. 2004;5(4):337-351.
- 10) Gerber M, Brand S, Elliot C, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Pühse U. Aerobicexercise, ballsports, dancing, andweightlifting as moderators of therelationshipbetweenstressanddepressivesymptoms: an exploratorycross-sectionalstudywithswissuniversitystudents. PerceptMotSkills. 2014;119(3):679-697.
- 11) Tekin G, Amman MT, Tekin A. Serbest zamanlarda yapılan fiziksel egzersizin üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon ve atılganlık düzeylerine etkisi. International Journal of Human Sciences 2009;6(2):148-59.
- 12) Hu FB. Sedentarylifestyleand risk of obesityandtype 2 diabetes. Lipids 2003;38(2):103-8.
- 13) Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjöström M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE. International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country ReliabilityandValidity. MedSci Sports Exerc 2003;35:1381–95.
- 14) Sağlam M, Arıkan H. International Physical Activity Questionnaire: ReliabilityandValidity of TheTurkishVersion. PerceptMotSkills 2010;111(21):278-84.
- 15) Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-Item Short-Form HealthSurvey (SF-36) Conceptual Framework andItemSelection. MedCare 1992;30:473-83.
- 16) Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Ölmez N, Memiş A. Kısa Form36 (KF-36)’nın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği [Reliabilityandvalidity of theTurkishversion of short form-36 (SF-36)]. İlaç ve Tedavi Dergisi 1999;12:102-6.
- 17) Beck AT. An inventoryformeasuringdepression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4(6):561-71.
- 18) Ulusoy M, Sahin N, Erkmen H. Turkishversion of theBeckAnxiety Inventory; PsychometricProperties. Int J CognTher1998;12:163-72.
- 19) Burke SM, Carron AV, Eys MA. Physicalactivitycontextanduniversitystudents' propensitytomeettheguidelinesCentersforDisease Control andPrevention/AmericanCollege of Sports Medicine. MedSciMonit. 2005;11:171-6.
- 20) Erdoğan B, Revan S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi2019;3(2):1-7.
- 21) Kızar O, Kargün M, Togo OT, Biner M, Pala A. Theexamining of thephysicalactivitylevel of theuniversitystudents. Marmara University J SportSci 2016;1(1):61-72.
- 22) Işık Ö, Gümüş H, Okudan B, Yilmaz M. Evaluation of theeffects of thequality of life levels of universitystudentsupontheirdepressionlevels. International Journal of ScienceCultureandSport2014;2(5):836- 43.
- 23) Yılmaz A. Üniversite öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite, sedanter süre ve yaşam kalitesi ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi 2019;10(17):1433-13.
- 24) Hall G, Laddu DR, Phillips SA, Lavie CJ, Arena R. A tale of twopandemics: How will COVID-19 andglobaltrends in physicalinactivityandsedentarybehavioraffectoneanother? ProgCardiovascDis 2020;S0033-0620(20):30077-3.
- 25) Jiménez-Pavón D, Carbonell-Baeza A, Lavie CJ. Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people ProgCardiovasc Dis 2020;S0033-0620(20):30063-3.
- 26) Xiang M, Zhang Z, Kuwahara K. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents' lifestyle behavior larger than expected. ProgCardiovasc Dis 2020;S0033-0620(20):30096-7.
- 27) Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. Thepsychologicalimpact of the COVID-19 epidemic on collegestudents in China. PsychiatryRes 2020;287:112934.
- 28) Rundle AG, Park Y, Herbstman JB, Kinsey EW, Wang YC. COVID-19-Related School Closingsand Risk of WeightGainAmongChildren. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020;28(6):1008-9.
- 29) Chen P, Mao L, Nassis GP, Harmer P, Ainsworth BE, Li F. ReturningChineseschool-agedchildrenandadolescentstophysicalactivity in thewake of COVID-19: ActionsandprecautionsJ SportHealthSc. 2020;S2095-2546(20):30049-1.
- 30) Sabiston CM, Pila E, Vani M, Thogersen-Ntoumani C. Body image, physical activity, and sport: A scoping review. Psychol Sport Exerc2019;42:48-57.
Investigation of Physical Activity, Quality of Life and Depression Levels of University Students During the Covid-19 Pandemic Process
Öz
Purpose:The most critical periods in making regular physical activity a lifestyle is university years. The process we are in causes university students to decrease their physical activities even more. The aim of this study was to understand the status of physical activity levels, quality of life and depression levels of university students during the pandemic process and considering the effects of physical activity on health, it was aimed to emphasize the importance of physical activity levels.
Patients and Methods:332 volunteer university students who accepted to participate in the study participated by filling out the online questionnaire form filling method. With the online questionnaire filling method, university students were questioned whether they did physical activity regularly before the Covid-19 pandemic, if they did, how much the pandemic process affected, their current physical activity, quality of life and depression levels.Physical activity levels; with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -Short Form, quality of life; with Short Form-36, depression levels; with Beck Depression Scale were evaluated.
Results:During the pandemic process physical activity amounts of the students were 1763.57 ± 1135.41 MET-min/week, 30.7% were not physically active, 48.5% had low physical activity level, and 20.8% of physical activity level was sufficient to protect health. Students, the average of the physical health score was 54.78 ± 5.89 and the average of the mental health score was 47.12 ± 9.83, while the depression measurement results were 16.03 ± 7.94.
Conclusion:As a result; during the pandemic process, it was determined that the level of physical activity in university students was quite low and the depression and quality of life levels of the students were negatively affected in this process.
Anahtar Kelimeler
University students physical activity depression quality of life
Kaynakça
- 1) Mandolesi L, Polverino A, Montuori S, Foti F, Ferraioli G, Sorrentino P, et al. Effects of physicalexercise on cognitivefunctioningandwellbeing: biologicalandpsychologicalbenefits. Front Psychol2018;9:509.
- 2) Paluska SA, Schwenk TL. Physicalactivityandmentalhealth: currentconcepts. Sports Med 2000;29(3):167-80.
- 3) Ozmen E, Ogel K, Aker T, Sagduyu A, Tamar D, BoratavC. Publicopinionsandbeliefsaboutthetreatment of depression in urban Turkey. SocPsychiatryPsychiatr. Epidemiol 2005;40(11):869-76.
- 4) Kessler RC, Sampson NA, Berglund P, Gruber MJ, Al-Hamzawi A, Andrade L, et al. Anxiousandnon-anxiousmajordepressivedisorder in the World HealthOrganization World MentalHealthSurveys. EpidemiolPsychSci 2015;24(3):210-26.
- 5) Leitzmann MF, Park Y, Blair A, Ballard-Barbash R, Mouw T, Hollenbeck AR, et al.Physicalactivityrecommendationsanddecreased risk of mortality. ArchInternMed 2007;167(22):2453-60.
- 6) Sağlık Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu. Türkiye Fiziksel Aktivite Rehberi 2.baskı. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınları, 2014: 940.
- 7) Fernandes RA, Zanesco A. Earlyphysicalactivitypromoteslowerprevalence of chronicdiseases in adulthood. HypertensRes. 2010;33(9):926-931.
- 8) Keating XD, Guan J, Piñero JC, Bridges DM. A meta-analysis of collegestudents' physicalactivitybehaviors. J Am CollHealth. 2005;54(2):116-125.
- 9) Thome J, Espelage DL. Relationsamongexercise, coping, disorderedeating, andpsychologicalhealthamongcollegestudents. EatBehav. 2004;5(4):337-351.
- 10) Gerber M, Brand S, Elliot C, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Pühse U. Aerobicexercise, ballsports, dancing, andweightlifting as moderators of therelationshipbetweenstressanddepressivesymptoms: an exploratorycross-sectionalstudywithswissuniversitystudents. PerceptMotSkills. 2014;119(3):679-697.
- 11) Tekin G, Amman MT, Tekin A. Serbest zamanlarda yapılan fiziksel egzersizin üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon ve atılganlık düzeylerine etkisi. International Journal of Human Sciences 2009;6(2):148-59.
- 12) Hu FB. Sedentarylifestyleand risk of obesityandtype 2 diabetes. Lipids 2003;38(2):103-8.
- 13) Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjöström M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE. International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country ReliabilityandValidity. MedSci Sports Exerc 2003;35:1381–95.
- 14) Sağlam M, Arıkan H. International Physical Activity Questionnaire: ReliabilityandValidity of TheTurkishVersion. PerceptMotSkills 2010;111(21):278-84.
- 15) Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-Item Short-Form HealthSurvey (SF-36) Conceptual Framework andItemSelection. MedCare 1992;30:473-83.
- 16) Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Ölmez N, Memiş A. Kısa Form36 (KF-36)’nın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği [Reliabilityandvalidity of theTurkishversion of short form-36 (SF-36)]. İlaç ve Tedavi Dergisi 1999;12:102-6.
- 17) Beck AT. An inventoryformeasuringdepression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4(6):561-71.
- 18) Ulusoy M, Sahin N, Erkmen H. Turkishversion of theBeckAnxiety Inventory; PsychometricProperties. Int J CognTher1998;12:163-72.
- 19) Burke SM, Carron AV, Eys MA. Physicalactivitycontextanduniversitystudents' propensitytomeettheguidelinesCentersforDisease Control andPrevention/AmericanCollege of Sports Medicine. MedSciMonit. 2005;11:171-6.
- 20) Erdoğan B, Revan S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi2019;3(2):1-7.
- 21) Kızar O, Kargün M, Togo OT, Biner M, Pala A. Theexamining of thephysicalactivitylevel of theuniversitystudents. Marmara University J SportSci 2016;1(1):61-72.
- 22) Işık Ö, Gümüş H, Okudan B, Yilmaz M. Evaluation of theeffects of thequality of life levels of universitystudentsupontheirdepressionlevels. International Journal of ScienceCultureandSport2014;2(5):836- 43.
- 23) Yılmaz A. Üniversite öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite, sedanter süre ve yaşam kalitesi ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi 2019;10(17):1433-13.
- 24) Hall G, Laddu DR, Phillips SA, Lavie CJ, Arena R. A tale of twopandemics: How will COVID-19 andglobaltrends in physicalinactivityandsedentarybehavioraffectoneanother? ProgCardiovascDis 2020;S0033-0620(20):30077-3.
- 25) Jiménez-Pavón D, Carbonell-Baeza A, Lavie CJ. Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people ProgCardiovasc Dis 2020;S0033-0620(20):30063-3.
- 26) Xiang M, Zhang Z, Kuwahara K. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents' lifestyle behavior larger than expected. ProgCardiovasc Dis 2020;S0033-0620(20):30096-7.
- 27) Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. Thepsychologicalimpact of the COVID-19 epidemic on collegestudents in China. PsychiatryRes 2020;287:112934.
- 28) Rundle AG, Park Y, Herbstman JB, Kinsey EW, Wang YC. COVID-19-Related School Closingsand Risk of WeightGainAmongChildren. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020;28(6):1008-9.
- 29) Chen P, Mao L, Nassis GP, Harmer P, Ainsworth BE, Li F. ReturningChineseschool-agedchildrenandadolescentstophysicalactivity in thewake of COVID-19: ActionsandprecautionsJ SportHealthSc. 2020;S2095-2546(20):30049-1.
- 30) Sabiston CM, Pila E, Vani M, Thogersen-Ntoumani C. Body image, physical activity, and sport: A scoping review. Psychol Sport Exerc2019;42:48-57.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Rehabilitasyon |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Nisan 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 21 Temmuz 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2 |
