Research Article
Travma Sonrası Büyüme Açısından Bir Risk Faktörü Olarak Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koronavirüs Salgını Örneği
Abstract
Amaç:Bu çalışmanın amacı koronavirüs salgını sonrasında ortaya çıkan psikolojik semptomlardaki değişimin psikolojik sağlamlık ve travma sonrası büyüme açısından incelenmesidir. Ayrıca bireylerin koronavirüs öncesi psikolojik semptomları ile sonrasındaki psikolojik semptomları arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik sağlamlığın aracı rolünün belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Yöntem:18-66 (31.93±11.57) yaş aralığındaki 553’ü (%76.7) kadın ve 168’i (%23.3) erkek olmak üzere toplam 721 kişilik toplum örnekleminden oluşan katılımcılarapsikolojik semptom, psikolojik sağlamlık vetravma sonrası büyüme ölçekleri online olarak uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular:Koronavirüs öncesi ve sonrası semptom puanlarındaki değişim yönüne göre oluşturulmuş gruplar arasındaki farklar incelendiğinde,psikolojik sağlamlık puanının değişim olmayan grup lehine,travma sonrası büyüme puanının iseolumlu değişim gösteren grup lehine diğer değişim gruplarındananlamlı düzeyde yüksek oldukları saptanmıştır. Koronavirüs öncesi ve sonrası semptom puan ortalamaları arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik sağlamlığın %5.7 ila %13 gibi değişen oranlardasemptom düzeylerini azaltıcı bir yönde aracılık etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç:Bu çalışmada koronavirüs sürecinin toplamda bireylerin psikolojik semptomları üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisinin olduğu görülmekle birlikte bazı bireylerin psikolojik semptom puanlarında değişimin olmadığı, bazı bireylerde ise semptom puanlarının düştüğü gözlenmiştir. Bu farklılığı oluşturan değişkenler olarak PS ile TSB’nin travmatik deneyimlerde iki ayrı yapı olarak değerlendirilebileceğigörülmüştür.Bulgular koronavirüs salgını örneğinde PS’nin psikolojik semptomlarda bozulmayakarşı koruyucu bir faktör olduğunudiğer yandan ise TSB’nin oluşumunu engelleyen bir risk faktörü olarak değerlendirilebileceğini akla getirmektedir.
References
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Year 2021,
Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 312 - 325, 01.04.2021
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the change in psychological symptoms that occur after the COVID-19 epidemic in terms of psychological resilience and posttraumatic growth. In addition, it was aimed to determine the mediating role of PS in the relationship between before COVID-19 psychological symptoms of individuals and their subsequent psychological symptoms.
Method: It was applied psychological symptoms, psychological resilience, and posttraumatic growth scales to the participants, who consisted of 1245 people, 1212 female (81.3%), and 233 (18.7%) male, between the ages of 18-74 as online.
Results: When the differences between the groups formed according to the change in symptom scores before and after COVID-19 were examined, it was found that the resilience score was significantly higher in favor of the group with no change, and the posttraumatic growth score in favor of the group with the positive change that compared to the other change groups. In the relationship between symptom score averages before and after COVID-19, resilience has been found to have a mediating effect in a direction that decreases symptom levels at rates ranging from 5.7% to 13%.
Conclusion: In this study, although the coronavirus process had a negative effect on the psychological symptoms of individuals in total, it was observed that some individuals did not have any change in their psychological symptom scores, while in some individuals their symptom scores decreased. It was seen that resilience and posttraumatic growth can be evaluated as two different structures in traumatic experiences as the variables that make up this difference. The findings suggest that resilience is a protective factor against psychological symptoms deterioration in the coronavirus outbreak sample, on the other hand, it can be considered as a risk factor preventing the formation of posttraumatic growth.
References
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- 26. Kessler RC, Sonnega A, Bromet E, Hughes M, Nelson CB. Posttraumatic–Stress–Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry 1995;52:1048–1060.
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- 29. Westphal M, Bonanno GA. Posttraumatic growth and resilience to trauma: Different sides of the same coin or different coins? Applied Psychology 2007;56(3):417-427.
- 30. Polizzi C, Lynn SJ, Perry A. Stress and copıng ın the tıme of covıd-19: pathways to resılıence and recovery. Clinical Neuropsychiatry 2020;17(2):59-62.
- 31. Santarone K, McKenney M, Elkbuli A. Preserving mental health and resilience in frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19. The American journal of emergency medicine 2020;38(7):1530–1531.
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- 34. Doğan T. Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği’nin Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being 2015; 3:93-102.
- 35. Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. J Trauma Stress 1996;9:455-471.
- 36. Kağan M, Güleç M, Boysan M, Çavuş H. Travma Sonrası Büyüme Envanteri’nin Türkçe Versiyonunun Normal Toplumda Hiyerarşik Faktör Yapısı. TAFMED 2012;11:617-24.
- 37. Hayes AF. Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis:A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Publications; 2017.
- 38. Kim SW, Su KP. Using psychoneuroimmunity against COVID-19. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2020;87:4–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.025
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- 40. Thompson RR, Garfin DR, Holman EA, Silver RC. Distress, worry, and functioning following a global health crisis: A national study of Americans’ responses to Ebola. Clinical psychological science 2017;5(3):513-521.
- 41. Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 8]. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:102083. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
- 42. North CS, Pfefferbaum B, Vythilingam M, et al. Exposure to bioterrorism and mental health response among staff on Capitol Hill. Biosecur Bioterror. 2009;7(4):379-388. doi:10.1089/bsp.2009.0031
- 43. Mak IW, Chu CM, Pan PC, Yiu MG, Chan VL. Long-term psychiatric morbidities among SARS survivors. General hospital psychiatry 2009;31(4):318–326.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.03.001
- 44. Sun L., Sun Z., Wu L., Zhu Z., Zhang F., Shang Z.…Liu N. Prevalence and risk factors of acute posttraumatic stress symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China. medRxiv. 2020 doi: 10.1101/2020.03.06.20032425.
- 45. Rajkumar RP. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature [published online ahead of print, 2020 Apr 10]. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;52:102066. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066
- 46. Pappa S, Ntella V, Giannakas T, Giannakoulis VG, Papoutsi E, Katsaounou P. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis [published online ahead of print, 2020 May 8]. Brain Behav Immun 2020;S0889-1591(20)30845-X. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.026
- 47. Stratta P, Capanna C, Patriarca S, de Cataldo S, Bonanni RL, Riccardi I, Rossi A. Resilience in adolescence: Gender differences two years after the earthquake of L’Aquila. Personality and Individual Differences2013;54(3):327-331.
- 48. BonannoGA, Ho SMY, Chan JCK, Kwong RSY, Cheung CKY, Wong CPY, WongVCW. Psychological resilience and dysfunction among hospitalized survivors of the sars epidemic in hong kong: a latent class approach. Health Psychology Copyright 2008;27(5):659–667.
- 49. Masood A, Masud Y, Mazahir S. Gender differences in resilience and psychological distress of patients with burns. Burns 2016;42:300–306.
- 50. Wasonga T, Christman DE, Kilmer L. Ethnicity, gender and age: predicting resilience and academic achievement among urban high school students. Am Second Educ. 2003;32(1):62-74.
- 51. Karataş Z. COVID-19 Pandemisinin Toplumsal Etkileri, Değişim ve Güçlenme. Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi 2020;4(1):3-17.
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There are 61 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Primary Health Care |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 1, 2021 |
| Submission Date | July 30, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021Volume: 12 Issue: 2 |
