Research Article
Year 2024,
Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 349 - 356, 01.10.2024
Abstract
Purpose: Anxiety observed in the perinatal period can have adverse outcomes for the health of the mother and baby.
Methods: The use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) has been increasing in recent years for various reasons. In our study, we aimed to compare the anxiety levels of women, who had conceived spontaneously with women who had conceived by ART in these two groups. Sixty pregnant women in their pregnancy, who had applied to the pregnancy and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outpatient clinics, were divided into two groups as follows: those who became pregnant by ART and those who became pregnant spontaneously. The study employed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) to assess and identify symptoms of anxiety.
Results: Among 60 pregnant women in the study, twenty-four (40%) conceived by ART and 36 (60%) conceived spontaneously. When the groups were compared with regard to anxiety symptoms, the state anxiety levels of those who became pregnant via ART were significantly higher according to the STAI-S and PASS.
Conclusion: As a result, each population should present its own results, and in the event of increased anxiety, appropriate medical assistance should be provided.
References
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- Carson SA and Kallen AN. Diagnosis and management of infertility: a review. JAMA. 2021;326:65-76.
- Kushnir VA, Barad DH, Albertini DF, et al. Systematic review of worldwide trends in assisted reproductive technology 2004-2013. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2017;15:6.
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- Güler ZÇD, Güler AE, Kıncı MF, et al. Does parity and labor influence anxiety levels of pregnant women? Perinat J Perinatol Derg. 2019;27:43-48.
- Dunkel Schetter CD and Tanner L. Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012;25:141-148.
- McMahon CA, Ungerer JA, Beaurepaire J, et al. Anxiety during pregnancy and fetal attachment after in-vitro fertilization conception. Hum Reprod. 1997;12:176-182.
- Tan SL, Doyle P, Campbell S, et al. Obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancies compared with normally conceived pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;167:778-784.
- Klock SC and Greenfeld DA. Psychological status of in vitro fertilization patients during pregnancy: a longitudinal study. Fertil Steril. 2000;73:1159-1164.
- Ulusoy M, Sahin NH and Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother. 1998;12:163.
- Öner N and Le Compte AD. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları: Sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. İstanbul, Türkiye;1983
- Yazıcı E, Mutu Pek T, Uslu Yuvacı H, et al. Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale validity and reliability study in Turkish (PASS-TR validity and reliability). Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019;29:609-617.
- Yeşilçınar İ, Acavut G and Güvenç G. Anxiety during the pregnancy and affecting factors: a cross-sectional study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023;307:301-309.
- Guvenc G, Yesilcinar İ, Ozkececi F, et al. Anxiety, depression, and knowledge level in postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2021;57:1449-1458.
- Yesilcinar I, Yavan T, Karasahin KE, et al. The identification of the relationship between the perceived social support, fatigue levels and maternal attachment during the postpartum period. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017;30:1213-1220.
- The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Opinion no. 630: Screening for perinatal depression. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125:1268-1271.
- Somerville S, Dedman K, Hagan R, et al. The perinatal anxiety screening scale: development and preliminary validation. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014;17:443-454.
- Priyadarshanie MN, Waas MDIA, Goonewardena CSE, et al. Sinhala translation of the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale: a valid and reliable tool to detect anxiety disorders among antenatal women. BMC Psychiatry. 2020;20:381.
- Gourounti K. Psychological stress and adjustment in pregnancy following assisted reproductive technology and spontaneous conception: A systematic review. Women Health. 2016;56:98-118.
- Oftedal A, Tsotsi S, Kaasen A, et al. Anxiety and depression in expectant parents: ART versus spontaneous conception. Hum Reprod. 2023;38:1755-1760.
- Andersson L, Sundström-Poromaa I, Wulff M, et al. Implications of antenatal depression and anxiety for obstetric outcome. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;104:467-476.
- Heron J, O’Connor TG, Evans J, et al. The course of anxiety and depression through pregnancy and the postpartum in a community sample. J Affect Disord. 2004;80:65-73.
- Stevenson EL, Cebert M and Silva S. Stress and anxiety in couples who conceive via in vitro fertilization compared with those who conceive spontaneously. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2019;48:635-644.
- Darwiche J, Lawrence C, Vial Y, et al. Anxiety and psychological stress before prenatal screening in first-time mothers who conceived through IVF/ICSI or spontaneously. Women Health. 2014;54:474-485.
- Kharaghani R, Vaezi F, Dadashi M, et al. The effect of cognitive behavioral counseling on anxiety and worry level of women with intermediate risk during first trimester screening for down syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23:630.
- Ege V and Koçak V. Prenatal tarama testi uygulanan gebelerin kaygı düzeyi ve ilişkili faktörler. GenelTipDer. 2016;26:113-120.
Year 2024,
Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 349 - 356, 01.10.2024
Abstract
References
- Petraglia F, Serour GI and Chapron C. The changing prevalence of infertility. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2013;123: S4-S8.
- Carson SA and Kallen AN. Diagnosis and management of infertility: a review. JAMA. 2021;326:65-76.
- Kushnir VA, Barad DH, Albertini DF, et al. Systematic review of worldwide trends in assisted reproductive technology 2004-2013. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2017;15:6.
- Zollner U and Dietl J. Perinatal risks after IVF and ICSI. J Perinat Med. 2013;41:17-22.
- Bjelica A, Cetkovic N, Trninic-Pjevic A, et al. The phenomenon of pregnancy A psychological view. Ginekol Pol. 2018;89:102-106.
- Yesilçınar İ, Güvenç G, Kinci MF, et al. Knowledge, fear, and anxiety levels among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Clin Nurs Res. 2022;31:758-765.
- Güler ZÇD, Güler AE, Kıncı MF, et al. Does parity and labor influence anxiety levels of pregnant women? Perinat J Perinatol Derg. 2019;27:43-48.
- Dunkel Schetter CD and Tanner L. Anxiety, depression and stress in pregnancy: implications for mothers, children, research, and practice. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012;25:141-148.
- McMahon CA, Ungerer JA, Beaurepaire J, et al. Anxiety during pregnancy and fetal attachment after in-vitro fertilization conception. Hum Reprod. 1997;12:176-182.
- Tan SL, Doyle P, Campbell S, et al. Obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancies compared with normally conceived pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;167:778-784.
- Klock SC and Greenfeld DA. Psychological status of in vitro fertilization patients during pregnancy: a longitudinal study. Fertil Steril. 2000;73:1159-1164.
- Ulusoy M, Sahin NH and Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother. 1998;12:163.
- Öner N and Le Compte AD. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları: Sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. İstanbul, Türkiye;1983
- Yazıcı E, Mutu Pek T, Uslu Yuvacı H, et al. Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale validity and reliability study in Turkish (PASS-TR validity and reliability). Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019;29:609-617.
- Yeşilçınar İ, Acavut G and Güvenç G. Anxiety during the pregnancy and affecting factors: a cross-sectional study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023;307:301-309.
- Guvenc G, Yesilcinar İ, Ozkececi F, et al. Anxiety, depression, and knowledge level in postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2021;57:1449-1458.
- Yesilcinar I, Yavan T, Karasahin KE, et al. The identification of the relationship between the perceived social support, fatigue levels and maternal attachment during the postpartum period. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017;30:1213-1220.
- The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Opinion no. 630: Screening for perinatal depression. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;125:1268-1271.
- Somerville S, Dedman K, Hagan R, et al. The perinatal anxiety screening scale: development and preliminary validation. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2014;17:443-454.
- Priyadarshanie MN, Waas MDIA, Goonewardena CSE, et al. Sinhala translation of the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale: a valid and reliable tool to detect anxiety disorders among antenatal women. BMC Psychiatry. 2020;20:381.
- Gourounti K. Psychological stress and adjustment in pregnancy following assisted reproductive technology and spontaneous conception: A systematic review. Women Health. 2016;56:98-118.
- Oftedal A, Tsotsi S, Kaasen A, et al. Anxiety and depression in expectant parents: ART versus spontaneous conception. Hum Reprod. 2023;38:1755-1760.
- Andersson L, Sundström-Poromaa I, Wulff M, et al. Implications of antenatal depression and anxiety for obstetric outcome. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;104:467-476.
- Heron J, O’Connor TG, Evans J, et al. The course of anxiety and depression through pregnancy and the postpartum in a community sample. J Affect Disord. 2004;80:65-73.
- Stevenson EL, Cebert M and Silva S. Stress and anxiety in couples who conceive via in vitro fertilization compared with those who conceive spontaneously. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2019;48:635-644.
- Darwiche J, Lawrence C, Vial Y, et al. Anxiety and psychological stress before prenatal screening in first-time mothers who conceived through IVF/ICSI or spontaneously. Women Health. 2014;54:474-485.
- Kharaghani R, Vaezi F, Dadashi M, et al. The effect of cognitive behavioral counseling on anxiety and worry level of women with intermediate risk during first trimester screening for down syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23:630.
- Ege V and Koçak V. Prenatal tarama testi uygulanan gebelerin kaygı düzeyi ve ilişkili faktörler. GenelTipDer. 2016;26:113-120.
There are 28 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynaecology |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | September 17, 2024 |
| Publication Date | October 1, 2024 |
| Submission Date | April 15, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | July 18, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024Volume: 15 Issue: 4 |
