Early Markers For Diagnosis of Acute Renal Failure Occuring After Cardiovascular Surgery
Year 2016,
Issue: 1, 14 - 19, 01.03.2016
Mustafa Bilge Erdoğan
Özlem Demirpençe
Mustafa Yıldırım
Abstract
One of the most important postoperative problems in cardiac surgery is acute renal failure ARF . Acute renal failure occuring early is effective on the mortality and morbidity. Since serum levels of urea and creatinin that are routinely used increase 24-72 hours after renal failure, many scientists are searching new markers for early diagnosis of ARF. The aim of this study is to discuss biomarkers that can be used for early diagnosis of ARF occuring after cardiac surgery with current literature
References
- Chertow GM, Lazarus JM, Christiansen CL, Cook EF, Hammermeister KE at al. Preoperative renal risk stratification. Circulation. 1997;95:878–84.
- Rosner MH, Okusa MD. Acute kidney injury associated with cardiac surgery. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1:19–32.
- Koyner JL, Garg AX, Coca SG, Sint K, Thiessen-Philbrook H at al. Biomarkers predict progression of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;23:905-14.
- Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Pa- levsky P. Acute renal failure: definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs-The second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care. 2004;8:204-12.
- Lameire N, Van Biesen W, Vanholder R. Acute renal failure. Lancet 2005; 365:417-30.
- Bove T, Calabrò MG, Landoni G, Aletti G, Marino G et al. The incidence and risk of acute renal failure after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004;18:442-5.
- Swaminathan M, Shaw AD, Phillips-Bute BG, McGugan-Clark PL, Archer LE et al. Trends in acute renal failure associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the United States. Crit Care Med 2007;35:2286-91.
- Koyner JL, Garg AX, Coca SG, Sint K, Thiessen-Philbrook H at al. Biomarkers predict progression of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol 2012;23:905-14.
- Seabra VF, Alobaidi S, Balk EM, Poon AH, Jaber BL. Off- pump coronary artery bypass surgery and acute kidney injury: a meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1734–44.
- Arnaoutakis GJ, Bihorac A, Martin TD, Hess PJ Jr, Klodell CT, Ejaz AA, et al. RIFLE criteria for acute kidney injury in aortic arch surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;134:1554-60.
- Hobson CE, Yavas S, Segal MS, Schold JD, Tribble CG, Layon AJ, at al.Acute kidney injury is associated with increased long- term mortality after cardio- thoracic surgery. Circulation 2009;119:2444–53.
- Bagur R, Webb JG, Nietlispach F, Dumont E, De Larochellière R, Doyle D at al. Acute kidney injury following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: predictive factors, prognostic value, and comparison with surgical aortic valve replacement. Eur Heart J 2010;31:865–74.
- Kellum JA, Levin N, Bouman C, Lameire N. Developing a consensus classification system for acute renal failure. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2002;8:509-14.
- Swaminathan M, Shaw AD, Phillips-Bute BG, et al. Trends in acute renal failure associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the United States. Crit Care Med 2007; 35: 2286-91.
- Leacche M, Rawn JD, Mihaljevic T, Lin J, Karavas AN, Paul S, Byrne JG. Outcomes in patients with normal serum creatinine and with artificial renal support for acute renal failure developing after coronary artery bypass grafting. Am J Cardiol 2004;93:353-6.
- Seabra VF, Alobaidi S, Balk EM, Poon AH, Jaber BL. Off- pump coronary artery bypass surgery and acute kidney injury: a meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1734 –44.
- Mehta RL, Kellum JA, Shah SV, Molitoris BA, Ronco C, Warnock DG, et al. Acute Kidney Injury Network: report of an initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury. Crit Care 2007; 112: 31-6.
- Rosner MH , Okusa MD. Acute Kidney Injury Associated with Cardiac Surgery. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;1:19–32.
- A. F. Michael, S. V. Vishal, and V. B. Joseph, “Biomarkers in acute kidney injury,” in Biomarkers in Renal Disease, H. R. Mitchell and O. Mark, Eds., Nova Science, New York, NY, USA, 2008.
- Mishra J, Ma Q, Prada A, Mitsnefes M, Zahedi K at al.Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel early urinary biomarker for ischemic renal injury. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2003;14:2534-43.
- McIlroy DR, Wagener G, Lee HT. Biomarkers of acute kidney injury: an evolving domain. Anesthesiology, 2010;112:998-1004.
- Cowland JB, Borregaard N. Molecular characterization and pattern of tissue expression of the gene for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin from humans. Genomics 1997;45:17-23.
- Altekin E, Kenesarı Y. Potansiyel Tanısal Bir Biyobelirteç Olarak Nötrofil Jelatinaz İlişkili Lipokalin. Türk Klinik Biyokimya Derg 2013;11:37-41.
- Mishra J, Mori K, Ma Q, Kelly C, Barasch J, Devarajan P. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a novel early urinary biomarker for cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Am J Nephrol. 2004;243:307-15.
- Mishra J, Dent C, Tarabishi R, et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker for acute renal injury after cardiac surgery. Lancet 2005;365:1231-8.
- Laçin Ş, Köse M, Akpınar TS, Kayacan MS. The Role of NGAL in the Early Detection of Contrast Media Induced Nephropathy. İç Hastalıkları dergisi 2013;20;91-5.
- Hirsch R, Dent C, Pfriem H, Allen J, Beekman RH 3rd, Ma Q, Dastrala S, Bennett M, Mitsnefes M, Devarajan P. NGAL is an early predictive biomarker of contrast-induced nephropathy in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22:2089-95.
- Fadel FI, Abdel Rahman AM, Mohamed MF, Habib SA, Ibrahim MH, Sleem ZS, et al. Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as an early biomarker for prediction of acute kidney injury after cardio-pulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery. Arch Med Sci. 2012;8:250-5.
- McIlroy DR, Wagener G, Lee HT. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: the effect of baseline renal function on diagnostic performance. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;5:211-9.
- Bennett M, Dent CL, Ma Q, Dastrala S, Grenier F at al. Urine NGAL predicts severity of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: A prospective study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 3: 665–673, 2008.
- Perry TE, Muehlschlegel JD, Liu KY, Fox AA, Collard CD at al. Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and acute postoperative kidney injury in adult cardiac surgical patients. Anesth Analg. 2010;110:1541-7.
- Perrotti A, Miltgen G, Chevet-Noel A, Durst C, Vernerey D at al. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as Early Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery in Adults With Chronic Kidney Failure.The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2015;99:64-869.
- Randers E, Erlandsen EJ. Serum cystatin C as an endogen marker of renal functions-a review. Clin Chem Lab Med 1997:37:389-95.
- Herget-Rosenthal S, Marggraf G, Hüsing J, Göring F, Pietruck F at al. Early detection of acute renal failure by serum cystatin C. Kidney International 2004;66:1115-22.
- Herrero-Morín DJ, Málaga S, Fernández N, Rey C, Diéguez MA at al. Cystatin C and beta2-microglobulin: markers of glomerular filtration in critically ill children Critical Care 2007, 11:R59 (doi:10.1186/ cc5923).
- Zappitelli M, Greenberg JH, Coca SG, Krawczeski CD, Li S at al . Association of definition of acute kidney injury by cystatin C rise with biomarkers and clinical outcomes in children undergoing cardiac surgery. JAMA Pediatr 2015;169:583-91.
- Shlipak MG, Coca SG, Wang Z, Devarajan P, Koyner JL at al. Presurgical serum cystatin C and risk of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011 Sep;58:366-73.
- Bailly V, Zhang Z, Meier W, Cate R, Sanicola M, Bonventre JV. Shedding of kidney injury molecule- 1, a putative adhesion protein involved in renal regeneration. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:39739-48.
- Ichimura T, Asseldonk EJ, Humphreys BD, Gunaratnam L, Duffield JS at al. Kidney injury molecule-1 is a phosphatidylserine receptor that confers a phagocytic phenotype on epithelial cells. J Clin Invest. 2008;118:1657-68.
- Han WK, Bailly V, Abichandani R, Thadhani R, Bonventre JV. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1): a novel biomarker for human renal proximal tubule injury. Kidney Int. 2002;621:237-44.
- Vinken P, Starckx S, Barale-Thomas E, Looszova A, Sonee M at al.Tissue Kim-1 and urinary clustering as early indicators of cisplatin- induced acute kidney injury in rats. Toxicol Pathol. 2012;40:1049-62.
- Van Timmeren MM, Van den Heuvel MC, Bailly V, Bakker SJ, van Goor H at al. Tubular kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in human renal disease. J Pathol.2007;212:209-17.
- Vaidya VS, Ozer JS, Dieterle F, Collings FB, Ramirez V at. Kidney injury molecule-1 outperforms traditional biomarkers of kidney injury in preclinical biomarker qualification studies. Nat Biotechnol. 2010;28:478-85.
- Zhou Y, Vaidya VS, Brown RP, Zhang J, Rosenzweig BA at al.Comparison of kidney injury molecule-1 and other nephrotoxicity biomarkers in urine and kidney following acute exposure to gentamicin, mercury, and chromium. Toxicol Sci. 2008 ;101:159-70.
- Arthur MJ, Hill EG, Alge JL, Lewis EC, Neely BA at al. Evaluation of 32 urine biomarkers to predict the progression of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Kidney International 2014;85:431–38
- Han WK, Wagener G, Zhu Y, Wang S, Lee HT. Urinary biomarkers in the early detection of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol.2009;4:873-82.
- Liangos O, Tighiouart H, Perianayagam MC, Kolyada A, Han WK at al.Comparative analysis of urinary biomarkers for early detection of acute kidney injury following cardiopulmonary bypass. Biomarkers. 2009;14:423-31.
- Han WK, Bailly V, Abichandani R, Thadhani R, Bonventre JV. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1): a novel biomarker for human renal proximal tubule injury. Kidney Int. 2002;62:237-44.
- Mårtensson J, Martling CR, Bell M. Novel biomarkers of acute kidney injury and failure: clinical applicability. Br J Anaesth. 2012;109:843-50.
- He Z, Dursun B, Oh DJ, Lu L, Faubel S at al.Macrophages are not the source of injurious interleukin-18 in ischemic acute kidney injury in mice.American Journal of Physiology 2009;296:535–42.
- Edelstein CL, Hoke TS , Somersetetal H. Proximaltubules from caspase- 1-decient mice are protected against hypoxia- induced membrane injury.Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007;22:1052–1061. 52. Parikh CR, Abraham E, Ancukiewicz M, Edelstein CL. Urine IL-18 is an early diagnostic marker for acute kidney injury and predicts mortality in the intensive care unit. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:3046-52.
- Washburn KK, Zappitelli M, Arikan AA, Loftis L, Yalavarthy R, Parikh CR, Edelstein CL, Goldstein SL. Urinary interleukin-18 is an acute kidney injury biomarker in critically ill children. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:566-72.
- Parikh CR, Coca SG, Thiessen-Philbrook H, Shlipak MG, Koyner JL at al. Postoperative biomarkers predict acute kidney injury and poor outcomes after adult cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22:1748-57.
- Yamamoto T, Noiri E, Ono Y, Doi K, Negishi K at al.Renal L-type fatty acid--binding protein in acute ischemic injury. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18:2894-902.
- Xu Y, Xie Y, Shao X, Ni Z, Mou S. L-FABP: A novel biomarker of kidney disease. Clinica Chimica Acta 2015; 445:85–90.
- Negishi K, Noiri E, Doi K, Maeda-Mamiya R, Sugaya T at al. Monitoring of urinary L-type fatty acid-binding protein predicts histological severity of acute kidney injury. Am J Pathol. 2009; 174:1154-9.
- Portilla D, Dent C, Sugaya T, Nagothu KK, Kundi I at al.Liver fatty acid- binding protein as a biomarker of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Kidney Int. 2008; 73:465-72.
- Katagiri D, Doi K, Honda K, Negishi K, Fujita T at al.Combination of two urinary biomarkers predicts acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 93:577-83.
Kardiyovasküler Cerrahi Sonrası Gelişen Akut Böbrek Yetmezliğinin Tanısında Kullanılan Erken Dönem Belirteçler
Year 2016,
Issue: 1, 14 - 19, 01.03.2016
Mustafa Bilge Erdoğan
Özlem Demirpençe
Mustafa Yıldırım
Abstract
Kalp cerrahisinde en önemli postoperatif sorunlardan biri akut böbrek yetmezliğidir ABY . Özellikle erken dönem gelişen ABY hasta mortalite ve morbiditesi üzerinde etkilidir. Rutinde kullanılan serum üre ve kreatinin değerlerinin böbrek hasarından 24-72 saat sonra yükselmesi nedeniyle; bir çok araştırmacı ABY’nin daha erken teşhis edilebilmesi için, yeni belirteçler araştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kalp cerrahisi sonrası gelişen ABY’nin erken tanısında kullanılabilecek biyobelirteçleri güncel literatür ışığında tartışmaktır
References
- Chertow GM, Lazarus JM, Christiansen CL, Cook EF, Hammermeister KE at al. Preoperative renal risk stratification. Circulation. 1997;95:878–84.
- Rosner MH, Okusa MD. Acute kidney injury associated with cardiac surgery. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1:19–32.
- Koyner JL, Garg AX, Coca SG, Sint K, Thiessen-Philbrook H at al. Biomarkers predict progression of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;23:905-14.
- Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Pa- levsky P. Acute renal failure: definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs-The second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care. 2004;8:204-12.
- Lameire N, Van Biesen W, Vanholder R. Acute renal failure. Lancet 2005; 365:417-30.
- Bove T, Calabrò MG, Landoni G, Aletti G, Marino G et al. The incidence and risk of acute renal failure after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004;18:442-5.
- Swaminathan M, Shaw AD, Phillips-Bute BG, McGugan-Clark PL, Archer LE et al. Trends in acute renal failure associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the United States. Crit Care Med 2007;35:2286-91.
- Koyner JL, Garg AX, Coca SG, Sint K, Thiessen-Philbrook H at al. Biomarkers predict progression of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol 2012;23:905-14.
- Seabra VF, Alobaidi S, Balk EM, Poon AH, Jaber BL. Off- pump coronary artery bypass surgery and acute kidney injury: a meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1734–44.
- Arnaoutakis GJ, Bihorac A, Martin TD, Hess PJ Jr, Klodell CT, Ejaz AA, et al. RIFLE criteria for acute kidney injury in aortic arch surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;134:1554-60.
- Hobson CE, Yavas S, Segal MS, Schold JD, Tribble CG, Layon AJ, at al.Acute kidney injury is associated with increased long- term mortality after cardio- thoracic surgery. Circulation 2009;119:2444–53.
- Bagur R, Webb JG, Nietlispach F, Dumont E, De Larochellière R, Doyle D at al. Acute kidney injury following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: predictive factors, prognostic value, and comparison with surgical aortic valve replacement. Eur Heart J 2010;31:865–74.
- Kellum JA, Levin N, Bouman C, Lameire N. Developing a consensus classification system for acute renal failure. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2002;8:509-14.
- Swaminathan M, Shaw AD, Phillips-Bute BG, et al. Trends in acute renal failure associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery in the United States. Crit Care Med 2007; 35: 2286-91.
- Leacche M, Rawn JD, Mihaljevic T, Lin J, Karavas AN, Paul S, Byrne JG. Outcomes in patients with normal serum creatinine and with artificial renal support for acute renal failure developing after coronary artery bypass grafting. Am J Cardiol 2004;93:353-6.
- Seabra VF, Alobaidi S, Balk EM, Poon AH, Jaber BL. Off- pump coronary artery bypass surgery and acute kidney injury: a meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:1734 –44.
- Mehta RL, Kellum JA, Shah SV, Molitoris BA, Ronco C, Warnock DG, et al. Acute Kidney Injury Network: report of an initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury. Crit Care 2007; 112: 31-6.
- Rosner MH , Okusa MD. Acute Kidney Injury Associated with Cardiac Surgery. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006;1:19–32.
- A. F. Michael, S. V. Vishal, and V. B. Joseph, “Biomarkers in acute kidney injury,” in Biomarkers in Renal Disease, H. R. Mitchell and O. Mark, Eds., Nova Science, New York, NY, USA, 2008.
- Mishra J, Ma Q, Prada A, Mitsnefes M, Zahedi K at al.Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel early urinary biomarker for ischemic renal injury. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2003;14:2534-43.
- McIlroy DR, Wagener G, Lee HT. Biomarkers of acute kidney injury: an evolving domain. Anesthesiology, 2010;112:998-1004.
- Cowland JB, Borregaard N. Molecular characterization and pattern of tissue expression of the gene for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin from humans. Genomics 1997;45:17-23.
- Altekin E, Kenesarı Y. Potansiyel Tanısal Bir Biyobelirteç Olarak Nötrofil Jelatinaz İlişkili Lipokalin. Türk Klinik Biyokimya Derg 2013;11:37-41.
- Mishra J, Mori K, Ma Q, Kelly C, Barasch J, Devarajan P. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a novel early urinary biomarker for cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Am J Nephrol. 2004;243:307-15.
- Mishra J, Dent C, Tarabishi R, et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker for acute renal injury after cardiac surgery. Lancet 2005;365:1231-8.
- Laçin Ş, Köse M, Akpınar TS, Kayacan MS. The Role of NGAL in the Early Detection of Contrast Media Induced Nephropathy. İç Hastalıkları dergisi 2013;20;91-5.
- Hirsch R, Dent C, Pfriem H, Allen J, Beekman RH 3rd, Ma Q, Dastrala S, Bennett M, Mitsnefes M, Devarajan P. NGAL is an early predictive biomarker of contrast-induced nephropathy in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22:2089-95.
- Fadel FI, Abdel Rahman AM, Mohamed MF, Habib SA, Ibrahim MH, Sleem ZS, et al. Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as an early biomarker for prediction of acute kidney injury after cardio-pulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery. Arch Med Sci. 2012;8:250-5.
- McIlroy DR, Wagener G, Lee HT. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: the effect of baseline renal function on diagnostic performance. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;5:211-9.
- Bennett M, Dent CL, Ma Q, Dastrala S, Grenier F at al. Urine NGAL predicts severity of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: A prospective study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 3: 665–673, 2008.
- Perry TE, Muehlschlegel JD, Liu KY, Fox AA, Collard CD at al. Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and acute postoperative kidney injury in adult cardiac surgical patients. Anesth Analg. 2010;110:1541-7.
- Perrotti A, Miltgen G, Chevet-Noel A, Durst C, Vernerey D at al. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as Early Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery in Adults With Chronic Kidney Failure.The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2015;99:64-869.
- Randers E, Erlandsen EJ. Serum cystatin C as an endogen marker of renal functions-a review. Clin Chem Lab Med 1997:37:389-95.
- Herget-Rosenthal S, Marggraf G, Hüsing J, Göring F, Pietruck F at al. Early detection of acute renal failure by serum cystatin C. Kidney International 2004;66:1115-22.
- Herrero-Morín DJ, Málaga S, Fernández N, Rey C, Diéguez MA at al. Cystatin C and beta2-microglobulin: markers of glomerular filtration in critically ill children Critical Care 2007, 11:R59 (doi:10.1186/ cc5923).
- Zappitelli M, Greenberg JH, Coca SG, Krawczeski CD, Li S at al . Association of definition of acute kidney injury by cystatin C rise with biomarkers and clinical outcomes in children undergoing cardiac surgery. JAMA Pediatr 2015;169:583-91.
- Shlipak MG, Coca SG, Wang Z, Devarajan P, Koyner JL at al. Presurgical serum cystatin C and risk of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011 Sep;58:366-73.
- Bailly V, Zhang Z, Meier W, Cate R, Sanicola M, Bonventre JV. Shedding of kidney injury molecule- 1, a putative adhesion protein involved in renal regeneration. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:39739-48.
- Ichimura T, Asseldonk EJ, Humphreys BD, Gunaratnam L, Duffield JS at al. Kidney injury molecule-1 is a phosphatidylserine receptor that confers a phagocytic phenotype on epithelial cells. J Clin Invest. 2008;118:1657-68.
- Han WK, Bailly V, Abichandani R, Thadhani R, Bonventre JV. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1): a novel biomarker for human renal proximal tubule injury. Kidney Int. 2002;621:237-44.
- Vinken P, Starckx S, Barale-Thomas E, Looszova A, Sonee M at al.Tissue Kim-1 and urinary clustering as early indicators of cisplatin- induced acute kidney injury in rats. Toxicol Pathol. 2012;40:1049-62.
- Van Timmeren MM, Van den Heuvel MC, Bailly V, Bakker SJ, van Goor H at al. Tubular kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in human renal disease. J Pathol.2007;212:209-17.
- Vaidya VS, Ozer JS, Dieterle F, Collings FB, Ramirez V at. Kidney injury molecule-1 outperforms traditional biomarkers of kidney injury in preclinical biomarker qualification studies. Nat Biotechnol. 2010;28:478-85.
- Zhou Y, Vaidya VS, Brown RP, Zhang J, Rosenzweig BA at al.Comparison of kidney injury molecule-1 and other nephrotoxicity biomarkers in urine and kidney following acute exposure to gentamicin, mercury, and chromium. Toxicol Sci. 2008 ;101:159-70.
- Arthur MJ, Hill EG, Alge JL, Lewis EC, Neely BA at al. Evaluation of 32 urine biomarkers to predict the progression of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Kidney International 2014;85:431–38
- Han WK, Wagener G, Zhu Y, Wang S, Lee HT. Urinary biomarkers in the early detection of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol.2009;4:873-82.
- Liangos O, Tighiouart H, Perianayagam MC, Kolyada A, Han WK at al.Comparative analysis of urinary biomarkers for early detection of acute kidney injury following cardiopulmonary bypass. Biomarkers. 2009;14:423-31.
- Han WK, Bailly V, Abichandani R, Thadhani R, Bonventre JV. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1): a novel biomarker for human renal proximal tubule injury. Kidney Int. 2002;62:237-44.
- Mårtensson J, Martling CR, Bell M. Novel biomarkers of acute kidney injury and failure: clinical applicability. Br J Anaesth. 2012;109:843-50.
- He Z, Dursun B, Oh DJ, Lu L, Faubel S at al.Macrophages are not the source of injurious interleukin-18 in ischemic acute kidney injury in mice.American Journal of Physiology 2009;296:535–42.
- Edelstein CL, Hoke TS , Somersetetal H. Proximaltubules from caspase- 1-decient mice are protected against hypoxia- induced membrane injury.Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2007;22:1052–1061. 52. Parikh CR, Abraham E, Ancukiewicz M, Edelstein CL. Urine IL-18 is an early diagnostic marker for acute kidney injury and predicts mortality in the intensive care unit. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:3046-52.
- Washburn KK, Zappitelli M, Arikan AA, Loftis L, Yalavarthy R, Parikh CR, Edelstein CL, Goldstein SL. Urinary interleukin-18 is an acute kidney injury biomarker in critically ill children. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:566-72.
- Parikh CR, Coca SG, Thiessen-Philbrook H, Shlipak MG, Koyner JL at al. Postoperative biomarkers predict acute kidney injury and poor outcomes after adult cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22:1748-57.
- Yamamoto T, Noiri E, Ono Y, Doi K, Negishi K at al.Renal L-type fatty acid--binding protein in acute ischemic injury. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18:2894-902.
- Xu Y, Xie Y, Shao X, Ni Z, Mou S. L-FABP: A novel biomarker of kidney disease. Clinica Chimica Acta 2015; 445:85–90.
- Negishi K, Noiri E, Doi K, Maeda-Mamiya R, Sugaya T at al. Monitoring of urinary L-type fatty acid-binding protein predicts histological severity of acute kidney injury. Am J Pathol. 2009; 174:1154-9.
- Portilla D, Dent C, Sugaya T, Nagothu KK, Kundi I at al.Liver fatty acid- binding protein as a biomarker of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Kidney Int. 2008; 73:465-72.
- Katagiri D, Doi K, Honda K, Negishi K, Fujita T at al.Combination of two urinary biomarkers predicts acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2012; 93:577-83.