Evaluation of Low Back-Neck Pain and Investigation of The Effect of Pain On Depression In Caregivers
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the low back-neck pain and investigate the effect of pain on depression in caregivers working in public or private institutions in Turkey.Methods: One-hundred-thirty-three volunteer caregiver volunteers were divided into three groups: Group 1 n=15 had only neck pain, Group 2 n=82 had only low back pain and Group 3 n=42 had both neck and low back pain. The pain on activity, at rest and at night were assessed with Visual Analog Scale. Functional status was assessed with Neck Pain and Disability Scale NPAD in Group 1, with Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire RMDQ and both scales were used in Group 3. Beck Depression Scale and New York Posture Analysis Scale were used to evaluate depression and posture, respectively. The level of statistical significance was set as 0.05.Results: When the two groups were compared, statistically significant differences in the pain at rest and at night was found between Group 2 and Group 3 p=0.02 and p=0.004, respectively . There was a positive weak correlation between depression and neck pain r=0.19, p=0.02 , NPAD r=0.23, p=0.006 and RMDQ r=0.26, p=0.002 . Also, there was a negative correlation between depression and posture r= - 0.33, p< 0.001 .Conclusion: Neck and/or low back pain has an impact on function in caregivers. When it is considered that depression is related to pain, function and posture, musculoskeletal problems may cause an increase in depression. It is important to know that caregiving is a profession prone to musculoskeletal injuries in terms of developing coping strategies with back and/or neck pain
Keywords
References
- Delitto A, George SZ, Van Dillen LR, Whitman JM, Sowa G, Shekelle P, et al. Low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42:A1-57. [CrossRef]
- Karababa AO. Bel Ağrısı Epidemiyolojisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Neurosurg Spec Top 2010;3:1-7.
- Andersen LL, Clausen T, Mortensen OS, Burr H, Holtermann A. A prospective cohort study on musculoskeletal risk factors for long-term sickness absence among healthcare workers in eldercare. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2012;85:615-22. [CrossRef]
- Wang SY, Liu LC, Lu MC, Koo M. Comparisons of musculoskeletal disorders among ten different medical professions in Taiwan: a nationwide, population-based study. PloS one. 2015;10:e0123750. [CrossRef]
- Yassi A, Lockhart K. Work-relatedness of low back pain in nursing personnel: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013;19:223-44. [CrossRef]
- Smedley J, Inskip H, Trevelyan F, Buckle P, Cooper C, Coggon D. Risk factors for incident neck and shoulder pain in hospital nurses. Int J Occup Environ Med 2003;60:864-9.
- Childs JD, Cleland JA, Elliott JM, Teyhen DS, Wainner RS, Whitman JM, et al. Neck pain: clinical practice guidelines linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2008;38:A1-A34. [CrossRef]
- Attar SM. Frequency and risk factors of musculoskeletal pain in nurses at a tertiary centre in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2014;7:61. [CrossRef]
- Campo M, Darragh AR. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are associated with impaired presenteeism in allied health care professionals. Int J Occup Environ Med 2012;54:64-70. [CrossRef]
- Skela‐Savič B, Pesjak K, Hvalič‐Touzery S. Low back pain among nurses in Slovenian hospitals: cross‐sectional study. Int Nurs Rev. 2017;64:544-51. [CrossRef]
- Nordstoga AL, Nilsen TIL, Vasseljen O, Unsgaard-Tondel M, Mork PJ. The influence of multisite pain and psychological comorbidity on prognosis of chronic low back pain: longitudinal data from the Norwegian HUNT Study. BMJ open. 2017;7:e015312. [CrossRef]
- Christensen JO, Johansen S, Knardahl S. Psychological predictors of change in the number of musculoskeletal pain sites among Norwegian employees: a prospective study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017;18:140. [CrossRef]
- Bicer A, Yazici A, Camdeviren H, Erdogan C. Assessment of pain and disability in patients with chronic neck pain: reliability and construct validity of the Turkish version of the neck pain and disability scale. Disabil Rehabil 2004;26:959-62. [CrossRef]
- Wheeler AH, Goolkasian P, Baird AC, Darden BV, 2nd. Development of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale. Item analysis, face, and criterion-related validity. Spine 1999;24:1290-4.
- Kucukdeveci AA, Tennant A, Elhan AH, Niyazoglu H. Validation of the Turkish version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire for use in low back pain. Spine 2001;26:2738-43.
- Roland M, Morris R. A study of the natural history of back pain. Part I: development of a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low-back pain. Spine 1983;8:141-4.
- Myles PS, Troedel S, Boquest M, Reeves M. The pain visual analog scale: is it linear or nonlinear? Anesth Analg 1999;89:1517-20.
- Carlsson AM. Assessment of chronic pain. I. Aspects of the reliability and validity of the visual analogue scale. Pain 1983;16:87-101.
- Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71.
- Tuğlu C, Türe M, Dağdeviren N, Aktürk Z. The Reliability and Validity Analysis of The Turkish Version of Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care. Turk J Fam Med Prim Care 2007;9:117-22.
- Howley ET, Franks BD. Health/Fitness Instructor’s Handbook: ERIC; 1986.
- McRoberts LB, Cloud RM, Black CM. Evaluation of the New York Posture Rating Chart for assessing changes in postural alignment in a garment study. Cloth Text Res J 2013;31:81-96. [CrossRef]
- Alp E, Bozkurt M, Başçiftçi İ. Hastane Malzemelerinin Sağlık Çalışanlarının Postürüne Etkileri. SAÜ Fen Bil Der 2012;16.
- Yılmaz A, Altuğ F, Coşkun E. Kronik bel ağrısı olan hastalarda ağrı, özürlülük durumu ve psikolojik faktörlerin incelenmesi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2012;32:1278-83. [CrossRef]
- Yazıcı K, Tot Ş, Biçer A, Yazıcı A, Buturak V. Bel ve Boyun Ağrısı Hastalarında Anksiyete, Depresyon ve Yaşam Kalitesi. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 6:95-101.
Hasta Bakıcılarda Bel-Boyun Ağrısının Değerlendirilmesi ve Ağrının Depresyon Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Türkiye’deki kamu kurum ve kuruluşları veya özel kuruluşlarda çalışan hasta bakıcılarda, bel-boyun ağrısının değerlendirilmesi ve ağrının depresyon üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir.Yöntem: Çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü 137 hasta bakıcı üç gruba ayrıldı: Sadece boyun ağrısı olanlar ile Grup 1 n=15 , sadece bel ağrısı olanlar ile Grup 2 n=82 ve hem bel hem boyun ağrısı olanlar ile Grup 3 n=42 oluşturuldu. Katılımcıların istirahatte, aktivite sırasında ve gece boyun ve/veya bel bölgesinde hissettiği ağrı şiddeti Görsel Analog Skala kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Fonksiyonellik, Grup 1’de Boyun Ağrı ve Disabilite Skoru BADS , Grup 2’de Roland Morris Disabilite Sorgulaması RMDS ve Grup 3’de her iki anket kullanarak değerlendirildi. Her üç grupta depresyon değerlendirmesinde Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ve postür analizinde New York Postür Analizi Yöntemi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi 0,05 olarak belirlendi.Bulgular: Gruplar ikili olarak karşılaştırıldığında, Grup 2 ile Grup 3 arasında istirahatte ve gece bel bölgesindeki ağrı şiddeti bakımından istatistiksel anlamlı bir fark vardı sırasıyla; p=0,002 ve p=0,004 . Tüm katılımcılarda depresyon, ağrı şiddeti ve fonksiyonellik arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde depresyon ile boyun ağrısı şiddeti r=0,19, p=0,02 , BADS r=0,23, p=0,006 ve RMDS r=0,26, p=0,002 arasında pozitif zayıf bir ilişki vardı. Postür ile depresyon arasında negatif bir ilişki bulundu r= - 0,33, p< 0,001 .Sonuç: Boyun ve/veya bel ağrısı hasta bakıcıların fonksiyonel durumlarını etkilemektedir. Depresyon şiddeti ile ağrı, fonksiyonellik ve postür arasında ilişki olduğu düşünüldüğünde kas iskelet sistemi problemlerinin artması nedeniyle depresyon şiddeti artabilir. Hasta bakıcıların mesleki açıdan kas iskelet sistemi yaralanmalarına yatkın bir meslek grubu olduğunu farkında olmak, bel ve/veya boyun ağrısı ile başa çıkma yollarının geliştirilmesi açısından önemlidir
Keywords
References
- Delitto A, George SZ, Van Dillen LR, Whitman JM, Sowa G, Shekelle P, et al. Low back pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42:A1-57. [CrossRef]
- Karababa AO. Bel Ağrısı Epidemiyolojisi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Neurosurg Spec Top 2010;3:1-7.
- Andersen LL, Clausen T, Mortensen OS, Burr H, Holtermann A. A prospective cohort study on musculoskeletal risk factors for long-term sickness absence among healthcare workers in eldercare. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2012;85:615-22. [CrossRef]
- Wang SY, Liu LC, Lu MC, Koo M. Comparisons of musculoskeletal disorders among ten different medical professions in Taiwan: a nationwide, population-based study. PloS one. 2015;10:e0123750. [CrossRef]
- Yassi A, Lockhart K. Work-relatedness of low back pain in nursing personnel: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013;19:223-44. [CrossRef]
- Smedley J, Inskip H, Trevelyan F, Buckle P, Cooper C, Coggon D. Risk factors for incident neck and shoulder pain in hospital nurses. Int J Occup Environ Med 2003;60:864-9.
- Childs JD, Cleland JA, Elliott JM, Teyhen DS, Wainner RS, Whitman JM, et al. Neck pain: clinical practice guidelines linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2008;38:A1-A34. [CrossRef]
- Attar SM. Frequency and risk factors of musculoskeletal pain in nurses at a tertiary centre in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2014;7:61. [CrossRef]
- Campo M, Darragh AR. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are associated with impaired presenteeism in allied health care professionals. Int J Occup Environ Med 2012;54:64-70. [CrossRef]
- Skela‐Savič B, Pesjak K, Hvalič‐Touzery S. Low back pain among nurses in Slovenian hospitals: cross‐sectional study. Int Nurs Rev. 2017;64:544-51. [CrossRef]
- Nordstoga AL, Nilsen TIL, Vasseljen O, Unsgaard-Tondel M, Mork PJ. The influence of multisite pain and psychological comorbidity on prognosis of chronic low back pain: longitudinal data from the Norwegian HUNT Study. BMJ open. 2017;7:e015312. [CrossRef]
- Christensen JO, Johansen S, Knardahl S. Psychological predictors of change in the number of musculoskeletal pain sites among Norwegian employees: a prospective study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017;18:140. [CrossRef]
- Bicer A, Yazici A, Camdeviren H, Erdogan C. Assessment of pain and disability in patients with chronic neck pain: reliability and construct validity of the Turkish version of the neck pain and disability scale. Disabil Rehabil 2004;26:959-62. [CrossRef]
- Wheeler AH, Goolkasian P, Baird AC, Darden BV, 2nd. Development of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale. Item analysis, face, and criterion-related validity. Spine 1999;24:1290-4.
- Kucukdeveci AA, Tennant A, Elhan AH, Niyazoglu H. Validation of the Turkish version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire for use in low back pain. Spine 2001;26:2738-43.
- Roland M, Morris R. A study of the natural history of back pain. Part I: development of a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low-back pain. Spine 1983;8:141-4.
- Myles PS, Troedel S, Boquest M, Reeves M. The pain visual analog scale: is it linear or nonlinear? Anesth Analg 1999;89:1517-20.
- Carlsson AM. Assessment of chronic pain. I. Aspects of the reliability and validity of the visual analogue scale. Pain 1983;16:87-101.
- Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561-71.
- Tuğlu C, Türe M, Dağdeviren N, Aktürk Z. The Reliability and Validity Analysis of The Turkish Version of Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care. Turk J Fam Med Prim Care 2007;9:117-22.
- Howley ET, Franks BD. Health/Fitness Instructor’s Handbook: ERIC; 1986.
- McRoberts LB, Cloud RM, Black CM. Evaluation of the New York Posture Rating Chart for assessing changes in postural alignment in a garment study. Cloth Text Res J 2013;31:81-96. [CrossRef]
- Alp E, Bozkurt M, Başçiftçi İ. Hastane Malzemelerinin Sağlık Çalışanlarının Postürüne Etkileri. SAÜ Fen Bil Der 2012;16.
- Yılmaz A, Altuğ F, Coşkun E. Kronik bel ağrısı olan hastalarda ağrı, özürlülük durumu ve psikolojik faktörlerin incelenmesi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2012;32:1278-83. [CrossRef]
- Yazıcı K, Tot Ş, Biçer A, Yazıcı A, Buturak V. Bel ve Boyun Ağrısı Hastalarında Anksiyete, Depresyon ve Yaşam Kalitesi. J Clin Psychiatry 2003; 6:95-101.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019Issue: 2 |